I ukushuba odongeni. I ukujiya ubuncane odongeni eyakhiwe ngezitini noma amabhlogo

Ngaphambi ukwakhiwa adingekayo odongeni ukujiya kumele kunqunywe, futhi uhlobo ekhethiwe wokwakha impahla. Isixazululo lezi zimpikiswano abakwazi ajabhise yimuphi umakhi imfundamakhwela, unikezwa ukukhetha kakhulu kuwo izinto zokwakha futhi ukutholakala izindlela ezihlukahlukene wokwakha.

Ebaluleke kakhulu kulesi uma kukhethwa ukushuba odongeni iba izisusa kwezomnotho. Ukuze abale ngokunembile nemingcele eyanele odongeni ukujiya, kufanele ichaze kwemigomo isakhiwo esizayo, endaweni evuthayo, ibalwa ukuphila service, imodi yokuhlala, uhlobo nekusebenta kweluhlelo bafudumale.

Highlights ekukhetheni wokwakha

Ekunqumeni uhlobo wokwakha esizayo Kunconywa ukuba banake lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. Umthwalo kulinganiselwa obondeni. It kuncike ngokuyinhloko ukuphakama isakhiwo.
2. Isimo sezulu. Kanye amandla adingekayo izindonga, kumele kwenziwe izidingo zihlale zifudumele.
3. ingxenye Tebuciko. Izindonga ukujiya encane yinhle kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne okufanayo laying ezimbili noma isitini nengxenye.

Isizathu kwezomnotho ukukhetha odongeni ukujiya

Ingabe ukwakhiwa ngokuphelele kuyinto engenakwenzeka, lapho ukushuba odongeni ingaphezu 38 cm. Ukuze silondoloze ukushisa kulokhu, izindlela ezahlukene zihlale zifudumele esebenzisa ukwahlukanisa izinto.

Ngokuvamile, isakhiwo ongaphakeme liphumele usebenzisa wokwakha engasindi. inqubo enjalo kuhilela ukubeka izindonga eziningana imizila emibili at ibanga kusuka komunye nomunye cishe ngesigamu-isitini. Ukudala isendlalelo emoyeni kunendima Kulokhu, ngempumelelo ukushisa yisivikelo. Uma kudingekile, ingaphakathi kwakhiwa nigcwaliswe iyiphi ekuvikeleni impahla ofanele.

Layisha esindayo isitini izindonga

Nge ukuqalisa ukusebenza okufanele izibalo eholela ukusatshalaliswa umfaniswano imithwalo e ukushuba ngezitini odongeni banezincwadi amandla yenethiwekhi. Ukuba ugqinsi izindonga ngenxa ephakeme ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa izakhiwo kuholela isidingo, bebeka isisekelo esiqinile, esithinta ukwanda izindleko okuhleliwe.

Ligcinwe aesthetically ezikhangayo ukujiya ngezitini odongeni okungase kuthintwe ngokusebenzisa isolators. Endabeni obandayo ukusebenza ukushisa ukulondolozwa luyanda-30%. Lapho lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi heater ingatholakala okwandisa nekusebenta Foam ukwahlukanisa 2-3 nesibaya.

Ukuze kwandiswe izakhiwo nangokuvikela izindonga nithela ezingeni 10-15% evumela ukusetshenziswa nezinye insulators engabizi:

• sawdust;
• tuff;
• Purple;
• isixazululo esekelwe slag noma aggregate esihle.

Uma udala amatshe aqinile uyelulekwa ukufaka ukwahlukanisa ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Kulokhu, olulondoloziwe ukujiya ubuncane odongeni lwezitini.

Njengoba izinkomba ukujiya lokubizwa izindonga yohlobo eziphambili kakhulu futhi innovative ngezitini, kungase kube cishe kunoma iyiphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule ndaba ekugcinweni kokuthula ukulingana ukushisa cishe akuxhomekile khona heater.

Ukushuba yangaphakathi izindonga brick

Laying ingaphakathi udonga isitina lesi mhlawumbe kusetshenziswa. ukujiya Esanele izindonga zangaphakathi ukwaziswa okunjalo akukhona abangaphezu kuka-25 cm. Ezimweni lapho izindonga umthwalo luyanda, ukusetshenziswa yokugcizelela izakhiwo kuvumelekile.

Uma sikhuluma ngodonga sangaphakathi ubude obuncane kanye amamitha nengxenye, kwanele endaweni wokwakha isigamu-isitini. Kulokhu, ukushuba we ukwahlukanisa kuyoba 12 cm An samuntu okunye kuyinto wokwakha ikota-isitini -. 6.5 cm.

Ezimweni lapho lumangaza abe ubude 1.5 m, ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo eziveza ezifanele ukusebenzisa ukugcizelela. Ngenxa yale njongo, steel ukuqinisa ububanzi 2 kuya 5 mm. impahla Ukugxilisa selibekiwe cishe zonke imigqa ezintathu ngezitini.

I ukushuba we izitini

Okwamanje, lokhu okulandelayo izinhlobo izitini:

• olulodwa;
• nenxenye;
• double.

olulodwa isitini amapharamitha: 250 x 12 x 65 mm. Esabalele ukusetshenziswa impahla laqanjwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule. Kamuva, ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa esikhundleni steel futhi sesquioxides double izitini. Izinqumo ezinjalo azilona ngempumelelo ngaphezulu ngokuya izindleko ekwakhiweni dolobha izindawo.

Bala ukuthi kufanele kube ubuncane odongeni ukujiya kungaba isibonelo. Lapho isitini wokwakha e 2.5 kuyoba kunenzuzo ukusebenzisa izitini ngokuphindiweyo ngazo izindonga nokusetshenziswa kwezitini ezingakhiwanga ngesikhathi kubekwa asele 0.5 cm odongeni. Isicelo uhlelo efanayo, isitini esisodwa kwandisa ukusetshenziswa impahla cishe 25 kuya 35%.

Esinye isici esibalulekile lapho enquma ukushuba we isitini ukhonza inkomba conductivity yayo ezishisayo. Ngokusho lesi sici, ogangeni, zokwakha uhhafu-isitini ulahlekelwa ukushuba ezincane kakhulu, isibonelo, ukhuni.

I conductivity ezishisayo okuqinile ejwayelekile isitini imayelana 0.7 W / m ° ^C. eziningana kungenzeka ukunciphisa izinga ngokusebenzisa izitini eziyize. Nokho, kanye nokuncipha conductivity ezishisayo, the ethile esobala lapha kuba ukwehla kwamandla izakhiwo.

Okungenzeka izimbangela ukuqina izindonga brick

Isizathu sokuba ukuqina akhiwe iba isidingo ngcono ukwahlukanisa of izakhiwo ezishisayo takhi. Kungaba ukuthi usebenzisa izici of indawo wokwakha. Ngokwesibonelo, ne ukwakhiwa yakhe, ngasesikhumulweni sezindiza, ephithizelayo kokuhlangana komgwaqo, ukwakhiwa esifundeni elinesimo sezulu esithile.

Ngokwanele ngemazinga lasetulu isitini ezishisayo conductivity kube nesidingo zisebenzisa ongakhetha ahlukahlukene ukwandisa ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa izakhiwo. Ukudala imvelo ekhululekile isakhiwo yokuhlala ezimweni zethu zezulu, anele odongeni ukujiya kufanele kube ngu-20 cm. Kulokhu, ukusetshenziswa izitini esindayo akuhileli umthwalo ezengeziwe esisekelweni futhi sandise Imali yokwakha.

Izinketho ekuthuthukiseni zifudumele izindonga brick

1. Ukwandisa ukushuba odongeni ngokwenza wokwakha izitini 2.
2. Ukudalwa mbumbulu umoya ngenxa ukustaka izingodo lithi wanqunywa, okungenxa yezimo ezikhethekile ukwahlukanisa panel, zamapulangwe, ubuso isitini.
3. ukwahlukanisa emgomeni mbumbulu ngenxa lolu donga lwabo usimende.
4. Isisetshenziswa izindonga ngezitini heater ngaphakathi. On the ungqimba ukwahlukanisa kumele ngempela kube ngaphezulu umusi isithiyo ungqimba, bese esikhaleni ingaphakathi.

I ukushuba we izindonga ezindlini prefabricated

I ukujiya esezingeni izindonga ezakhiweni iphaneli uhlobo 14 no-18 cm. Ukwakha Ezinye izinhlangano zisebenzisa panel nge ukushuba kuze kufinyelele 22 cm, kusukela ngosuku lokuqala kuya phansi yesihlanu kwandisa ebizwa izimfanelo izakhiwo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushuba we panel odongeni, compulsorily isicelo nokufakwa firming.

Ngokuphathelene nithela ngodonga yangaphakathi e izakhiwo yalolu hlobo, nanka kanye ukushuba 8 cm. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinto igesi-silicate asetshenziselwa ukwakha ngodonga ingaphakathi. Silicate odongeni ukujiya ezindlini prefabricated nsé ukubaluleka ngenhla. Njengoba kunjalo lapho kwakhiwa izindonga kakhonkolo, ngodonga nazo elisetshenziswa isitimela valve.

Ezinye amakhaya prefabricated ababuthelwa izindonga zangaphandle uqweqwe kuze kufinyelele 38 cm, okuyinto ngcono izakhiwo nangokuvikela zokuphindaphindeka. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi izindonga zakhiwe isangweji ukhonkolo noma claydite ukuphatse nge isendlalelo kwangaphakathi Foam.

I ukushuba ezindongeni amayunithi

Endabeni usebenzisa njengendlela eyinhloko Foam ukwakhiwa impahla amabhlogo nithela izindonga ukujiya akuxhomekile inani storeys lesi sakhiwo esizayo. Icacisa ipharamitha, ebheka ukushuba we izindonga, nangu conductivity ezishisayo. Lokhu value incike grade ezazisetshenziselwa kanye nezici isakhiwo odongeni.

I ukushuba we izindonga asekelayo Foam amabhlogo akhiwe ngezitini ulwelwesi:

1. Material Ibanga 600 - 450 mm ungqimba ukushuba.
2. Material Ibanga 800 - 680 mm ungqimba ukushuba.
3. Material Ibanga 1000 - ungqimba ukushuba 940 mm.

Amvikele nge stucco:

1. Material Ibanga 600 - 480 mm ungqimba ukushuba.
2. Material Ibanga 800 - 720 mm ungqimba ukushuba.
3. Material Ibanga 1000 - 1000 mm ukujiya.

Ubuchwepheshe efanayo Foam amabhlogo ukwenza wokwakha izitini. Enkabeni yalo, block Foam kuyafana isitini, kodwa kuphela ezinye umehluko nemingcele. Uma ufaka izindonga zikasimende aphethwe kanye usimende nosimende.

Ukubeka impahla imigqa eziningana kuyinto uneconomical, kusukela block Foam, ngenxa ukungena nakwamanye amazwe Sakhiwo sangekhatsi, ngokwalo ine kakhulu izakhiwo ukushisa-nangokuvikela.

Isizathu sobala esiyisisekelo ukwakhiwa izindonga ezenziwe Foam amabhlogo yiyona isisindo eliphansi impahla nakuba bulkiness. Ngokuvamile, izimfanelo eziyingqayizivele emabhuloki Foam kunendlela hhayi kuphela ukulondoloza ekunciphiseni ukushuba we izindonga, kodwa futhi wonge imali lapho obeka isisekelo.