Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesakhiwo se-postndustrial kanye nesinye sezimboni? Izici eziyinhloko

Umphakathi wezentengiselwano unesici esithile: ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwesayensi nesobuchwepheshe, ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko kwezimpahla kuye kwaholela ekukhiqizweni kwezinsizakalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinsiza eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza kwakuyilwazi nolwazi. Ngakho-ke, amandla okushayela kanye nesisekelo somnotho yizentuthuko zesayensi, futhi izimfanelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesisebenzi zifunda, ubuchwepheshe kanye nobuciko.

Isakhiwo sezomnotho sezomnotho sithatha isinqumo sokuthi esakhiweni jikelele se-GDP ngaphezu kwama-50% siwela emkhakheni wenkonzo.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka lama-21, i-United States yayiyizimboni ze-post-industrial (amasevisi - 80% we-GDP, 2002), amazwe e-EU (69.4%, 2004) neJapane (67.7%, 2001).

Izici ezibalulekile zomnotho we-postindustrial

Manje ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini ehlukanisa isakhiwo esilandelayo esivela ezimbonini:

• Ukukhula kokubaluleka kolwazi nolwazi - isabelo esikhulu sezindleko zezimpahla akusikho ukukhokha kwemishini, izinto zokusebenza, umsebenzi ojwayelekile, kodwa ucwaningo lokuthengisa, ukuthuthukiswa, imiqondo yokuklama, njll.
• Ukwandisa kwesabelo semikhiqizo ephezulu ye-GDP isakhiwo.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe nokuzenzekelayo kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza.
• Ukukhula kwesabelo sezinsizakalo kwisakhiwo se-GDP, kanye nokugeleza kwemithombo yabasebenzi kuyo.
• Ukushintsha kwesakhiwo sezidingo zabantu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abantu bathole izinzuzo ezingabonakali, isikhathi samahhala.
• Ukuvela kwesisusa somsebenzi omusha - isisebenzi asifisi nje isikhuthazo sezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi sifuna ukuzibonela ngokusemthethweni nangokwemvelo, ukuba nengxenye ekuphathweni kokukhiqiza.

Ekhuluma ngomsindo ophakathi kwesakhiwo esilandelayo kanye neyezimboni, kufanele futhi sibone indima ekhulayo yokukhiqiza ulwazi.

Izindleko eziyinhloko zokwenza isampula sangempela. Izindleko ezengeziwe zokukopisha zizobe zingekho.

Kodwa-ke, lesi sigaba asikwazi ukuthuthukisa ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okusebenzayo kwamalungelo okuthengisa emvelo ezingeni lesishayamthetho, kanye ngaphandle kwenani elanele labathengi abanamathuba okusebenzisa okukhiqizayo futhi balungele ukunikela ngempahla "engeyona imininingwane" ngokushintshaniswa.

Ukuqinisa isikhundla samabhizinisi amancane naphakathi

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesakhiwo se-postndustrial kanye nesinye sezimboni ngaphandle kwalokhu? Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa indima yokukhiqiza okuningi kanye nentuthuko ngesikhathi esisodwa yebhizinisi elincane. Imakethe ithola inqwaba yemikhiqizo esincane kakhulu izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene zokuguqulwa, izinketho ezintsha zezinsizakalo. Njengoba selithole ithuba lokwanelisa izidingo zamaqembu ahlukene wabathengi, amabhizinisi amancane aguquguqukayo okokuqala aqala ukuncintisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayakwazi ukuthatha izikhundla ezifanele hhayi kuphela ezimakethe zendawo, kodwa futhi nangaphandle kwazo (jikelele).

Izinguquko zezobuchwepheshe

Ukufunda ukuthi yini ehlukanisa isakhiwo sezakhiwo ezivela ezimbonini, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokuningiliziwe izinguquko zobuchwepheshe ezenzekayo. Emphakathini we-postndustrial, ukugcizelelwa okuyinhloko kukuthuthukiswa kokonga imali, ubuchwepheshe bezesayensi kanye nolwazi (eliphezulu) ubuchwepheshe:

• Isofthiwe;
• Microelectronics;
• I-Robotics;
• Ukuxhumana;
• I-Biotechnology;
• Ukukhiqizwa kwempahla enezici ezilungiselelwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi bufaka esikhundleni sokusebenzisana kwendabuko, inqubo yokukhiqiza iyashintsha, futhi kunezisebenzi zokusebenza, imishini namakhompyutha angasebenzi.

Ukuguqulwa komphakathi

Isakhiwo somphakathi we-postindustrial sishintsha, ikakhulukazi, ukwakheka kwemithombo yezabasebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isabelo sabasebenzi besikhombimsebenzisi ekwenzeni inqubo yokukhiqiza sinciphisa, futhi umsebenzi wezobuciko ohlakaniphile nokudala, ngokuphambene nalokho, uba obaluleke kakhulu. Kudingeka izindleko ezengeziwe zokuqeqesha abasebenzi: ukuqeqeshwa, ukuqeqeshwa okuphambili, njll.

Indima ebaluleke kakhulu idlalwe yi-meritocracy - i-intellectual elite. Into eyinhloko yilokho okuthiwa iklasi labachwepheshe. D. Bell - umsunguli we-postindustrialism - naye waphawula ukuthambekela kokukhishwa kwempahla ngesisekelo semfundo.

Uma isakhiwo sezezimboni zomnotho sithatha ukuba khona kwesidingo esiqhubekayo sabasebenzi abangasebenzi, khona-ke emphakathini wezepolitiki abantu abanezinga eliphansi lemfundo, ngokuphambene nalokho, babhekana nobunzima.

Ifomu eliyinhloko lomsebenzi wokuphila liwukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono abantu nokuthambekela, futhi ukugqugquzela izinto ezibonakalayo ngokuhlanganyela kwenza kube nesifiso sokuzibonakalisa emsebenzini.