Uyini umehluko deuterostome futhi protostomes izilwane

Lapho echaza ukuthuthukiswa eziphilayo zingaba ngokuvamile ukuthola imigomo "protostomes" futhi "izilwane deuterostome." Konke ezinamangqamuzana amaningi ekhona ngaphandle coelenterates, okuyinto zingafani ezingeni sombungu.

Kutfutfukiswa chordates

Chordata emelelwa amaqembu amathathu eziphilayo:

• tunicates noma lichinochnohordovymi (Tunicata, Urochordata), ezithinta umzimba isikhwama, emgodleni zihambisana;
• bescherepnyh noma golovohordovymi (Acrania), abahlala ekujuleni kolwandle izinhlanzi-like izidalwa ongasanyakazi;
• ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla - abameleli inhlanzi, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni, izinyoka izinyoni, izilwane kanye nabantu.

Umlando azalelwa chordates ligubuzelwe imfihlakalo futhi kubangela eziningi ezizathwini. Futhi ukuze ucacise kabanzi, kudingeka uqonde ngobani protostomes deuterostome nezilwane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-izigidi ezingu-500 edlule kwakukhona kakade golovohordovye ezaziwayo. Izigaba esandulele kuseyimpicabadala Yingakho kukhona imicabango ehlukahlukene emayelana nemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo nolunye.

SUMMARY protostomes nezilwane deuterostome

Ingabe ezinamangqamuzana amaningi kwezilwane. Protostomes futhi deuterostome - okhokho babo oqondile. namagama wabo Protostomia lwamazwi Deuterostomia kwakheka kwi izici obumba umlomo imibungu. Ekuqaleni wawubumba is kusukela bakudala esiswini ukuvulwa (the blastopore), kwakhiwa okuyinto e-embryo. Esesibili - ku blastopore eba deducing emgodini (ingquza), kanti umlomo inqanyulwa endaweni entsha.

Ukwahlukanisa eziphilayo bilaterally lesinesitfombe-sibuko

Deuterostome protostomes nezilwane babe ngezigaba zabo. Ngu protostomes zihlanganisa:

1. Shellfish.
2. Annelids.
3. Sipunculans - izilwane zasemanzini worm-like, okwambula khona isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi esingesihle, uhlelo excretory kanye wamathumbu iluphu ne ingquza ngemuva.
4. Echiura - eziphilayo emanzini olwandle. Sinenkosi emzimbeni umumo cylindrical nge lezi. Umlomo is a side peritoneal. Kusukela amanye amalungu bona zihlukaniswa khona ampofu isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi futhi tube emathunjini, okuyinto evala ingquza.
5. Pentastomida noma ngomhlanga, okuyizinto worm-like ulimi-yisinanakazana ezilwane ezingenamgogodla ngomzimba kancane, umlawuli wekhompyutha efanayo.
6. Onychophora noma pervichnotraheynyh - eyethulwe izilwane ezidla ezinye eliwumhlaba emzimbeni eside zazo zikhona kuze kube 43 ngazimbili of imilenze.
7. Tardigrades - eziphilayo ezincane ngamabhangqa ezine imilenze.
8. Eyisinambuzane.

izilwane Deuterostome noma deyterostomy zimumethe zinhlobo ezilandelayo izilwane:

• chaetognaths;
• poluhordovym (nadkishechnodyshashie futhi krylozhabernye);
• echinoderms;
• Pogonophora;
• chordates;
• graptolites (amaminerali).

Izigaba yentuthuko deytorostom engaqondakali. Kukholakala ukuthi ukuziphendukela kwaso owaqala ngokuvukela ezingenamgogodla ezinamangqamuzana amaningi ukuthi musa aphambana nge protostomes. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi amadlozi kuthiwa deuterostome izimpethu ephansi, ngubani zibizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo bakudala protostomes.

Uyini umahluko kusuka protostomes deuterostome

Ngaphezu obumba itheku emelelwa umlomo, futhi deuterostome protostomes izilwane ziyahlukahluka eziningi nezinye izici:

1. Kwaphela amaqanda ukwahlukana: ekuqaleni zingabantu osabalalayo, iqondiswe bemisebe, kanti eyesibili - Kuvunguza (non-iyunifomu).
2. Coeloms laying izindlela (TEMLOMO): y protostomes ukuthuthukiswa izindonga yesibili izimbotshana iqala nge cell division, kuyilapho ziboya akhiwa deuterostome anezikhwama umbungu esiswini.
3. Kulandele ubuchopho genesis: e protostomes - sibangelwa isikhulile, kanti eyesibili - kuyehla futhi wabeka endaweni entsha.

Ngakho-ke deuterostome futhi ngokuthi izidalwa vtorichnomozgovymi.

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi deuterostome futhi protostomes izilwane sinokhokho oyedwa ukuthi aphila iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi 500 edlule Edikarskom ulwandle. Habitat izidalwa kwaba phansi ekujuleni kolwandle, lapho wathuthela, ukusebenza cilia ngokufanele umugqa ku esiswini, futhi Kondliwa tentacles elala ukudla. Mhlawumbe kamuva umzimba ezingemuva ingxenye deuterostome oyisemkhulu sikude futhi wasebenzisa sona ukuze umbe e ngoba ungqimba isikhathi precoat.

Deuterostome protostomes nezilwane iyefana ekuthuthukisweni kanye nesakhiwo. Kodwa futhi bethule eziningi umehluko, ukuze abalandeli yazo iyashiyana.