Uyini Isivinini emincane futhi nokuthi ibalwe kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, lapho abantu bakhuluma ngokuthuthukisa ezihambayo, sicabange into enyakazayo emgceni locondzile. Ijubane lokhu ukunyakaza libizwa yomugqa, futhi ukubala ukubaluleka kwalo isilinganiso ilula: lwanele ukuthola isilinganiso ibanga ngesikhathi kulo sinqotshwe emzimbeni. Uma into idluliswa kanye selilonke, kulesi simo ayisekho kunqunywa komugqa futhi Isivinini emincane. Hlobo luni Inani nendlela ibalwa? Lokhu nje ngeke ukhulume kule athikili.

Isivinini Angular: umqondo kanye ifomula

Lapho mass iphuzu uhamba ngesivinini selilonke lokuya kwaso kungenziwa libhekene engela ukujikeleza engaba exhumanisa into ezihambayo ne maphakathi mbuthano. Kusobala ukuthi lesi sibalo kushintsha njalo kuye isikhathi. I rapidity ngawo le nqubo kwenzeka, futhi akukho ngaphandle Isivinini emincane. Ngamanye amazwi, isilinganiso ukuphambuka we-vector engaba into ubude besikhathi kwathatha ukwenza lo Ukujikeleza into. Angular Isivinini Formula (1) kungenziwa yalotshwa njengezingoma zohlobo oluthile:

w = φ / t, lapho:

φ - turning engela ezahlukene,

t - isikhathi ujikeleza.

Yokukala

Esikhathini kohlelo lamazwe omhlaba amayunithi ezivamile (SI) ukuze kwebalingisi of ematfuba wasisebenzisa radians. Ngakho-ke, 1 rad / s - lisisakhiwo, okuyinto esetshenziswa ukubala we velocity emincane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akekho sivimbela ukusetshenziswa ngamadigrizi (wazi ukuthi omunye rad ilingana 180 / pi, noma 57˚18 '). Futhi, velocity emincane ungaboniswa inombolo linemibhikisho ngomzuzu noma ngomzuzwana. Uma ukuhamba senzeka nombala emhlabeni selilonke, lesi silinganiso kungatholakala kusukela (2) ifomula:

w = 2π * n,

lapho n - isivinini.

Kungenjalo, njengoba nje kwenziwa isivinini evamile, abale ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha noma leso emincane. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi olungenhla ubuningi vector. Ukuze sithole isiqondiso salo oluvame ukusetshenziswa sangakwesokudla umthetho, okuyinto ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa physics. I emincane Isivinini Vector nokukhomba luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa, lapho ukuphokophela phambili isikulufo intambo sangakwesokudla. Ngamanye amazwi, oqondiswe kanye eksisi emhlabeni lapho umzimba, e ngakuphi ukujikeleza is ukubonwa okwenzeka anti clockwise.

izibonelo ukubala

Ake sithi ufuna ukunquma uyini komugqa futhi Isivinini emincane kwesondo, uma kuyaziwa ukuthi ubukhulu bayo ilingana imitha elilodwa, kanye ukujikeleza engela izinguquko ngokuhambisana nomthetho φ = 7t. Sisebenzisa ifomula sethu sokuqala:

w = φ / t = 7t / t = 7 s ^-1.

Lona edingekayo Isivinini emincane. Manje ake uye uthole ijubane evamile, siya. Njengoba wazi, v = s / t. Njengoba sazi ukuthi s nangathi - a selilonke we isondo (l = 2π * r), kanye 2π - omunye revolution egcwele, okulandelayo etholwe:

v = 2π * r / t = w * r = 7 * 0.5 = 3.5 m / s

Nanti elinye umsebenzi ngale ndaba. Kuyaziwa ukuthi engaba yomhlaba enkabazwe ilingana 6370 amakhilomitha. Kuyadingeka lunquma isivinini komugqa emincane motion amaphuzu kule okufanayo, okuyinto eyenzeka ngenxa ukujikeleza iplanethi yethu kuma-axis awo. Kulokhu, sidinga ifomula yesibili:

w = 2π * n = * 3.14 * 2 (1 / ( 24 * 3600)) = 7.268 * 10 -5 rad / s.

It uhlala ukucacisa uyini Isivinini komugqa: v = w * r = 7,268 * 10 ⁵ * 6370 * 1000 = 463 m / s.