Uyini amp amandla

Ngo-1820, ovelele physics French Andre Marie Ampere (kuba udumo okuthiwa yokukala kagesi) uklame omunye imithetho eyisisekelo zonke Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka. Ngemva kwalokho, i-mthetho it got igama amp amandla.

Njengoba yaziwa, ngesikhathi ukudlula kagesi ngokusebenzisa umqhubi kwenzeka emhlabeni ayo (zesibili) magnetic field umfutho imigqa akha uhlobo igobolondo ligijima. I isiqondiso la imigqa ka lokungeniswa kazibuthe kunqunywa usebenzisa esandleni sokudla umthetho (igama lesibili ka "sangakwesokudla umthetho"): ngokwengqondo ngakwesokunene ihlanganisa siyinikeze umqhubi ukuze ngoba izinhlayiya icala kuvumelana isiqondiso kuboniswa isithupha insaliwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ezinye iminwe ezine, clasping wire, iphuzu ukuzungeza ensimini.

Uma laba babashayeli ezimbili okuhambisanayo (wire elincanyana), khona-ke nokuxhumana amasimu abo kazibuthe sizothinta amp amandla. Kuye isiqondiso zamanje e umqhubi ngamunye, zingase ukhangwa noma wacasulwa. Lapho imisinga egeleza luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa, i-amp amandla has kubo edonsa senzo. Ngakho, imisinga kolunye uhlangothi kubangela umuzwa wokwenyanya. Lokhu akusona isimanga: ngenkathi efana amacala dudula, kulesi sibonelo, uxhumana hhayi amacala namandla kazibuthe. Njengoba bebheke Ukujikeleza kuyafana, emkhakheni wokugcina yinani vector, hhayi umehluko.

Ngamanye amazwi, amandla kazibuthe wenza ngendlela ethile siyinikeze umqhubi, okuyinto kweqa umugqa ukungezwani. Amandla Amp (ngokungenasizathu ukuma umqhubi) uzimisele emthethweni ifomula:

DF = B mina L * wesono;

lapho - I - ukubaluleka zamanje e umqhubi; B - lokungeniswa kazibuthe, lapho impahla conductive itholakala; L - kuthathwe ukubala ubude umqhubi lwamanje (futhi kulesi simo kucatshangwa ukuthi ubude umqhubi namandla bavame zero); -alpha (a) - engela Vector phakathi isiqondiso ukunyakazisa kuyizinhlayiyana icala kanye zangaphandle emkhakheni imigqa. Eliphezulu elandelayo: lapho igebe eliphakathi zithwala kuyinto 90 degrees ke sin = 1 futhi seqiwe bebutho.

Vector isiqondiso amp potency kunqunywa imithetho isandla sobunxele: beka ngokwengqondo isandla sakhe sobunxele ukuze imigqa (zithwala) we lokungeniswa kazibuthe yasendle zangaphandle kufakwe isandla evulekile, kanye asele iminwe ezine kuyalungiswa ukhombise isiqondiso lapho notshwala samanje umqhubi. Khona-ke, into ayeyifuna isithupha i-engela 90 degrees, bonisa isiqondiso amandla ayisukumele umqhubi. Uma igebe eliphakathi vector of kagesi kanye umugqa lokungeniswa ngokungenasizathu sincane kakhulu, ukuba lula isicelo kokubusa entendeni akufanele ngokwayo zihlanganisa vector lokungeniswa, futhi module.

Isicelo Ampere amabutho kwenza ukuba adale motors kagesi. Sonke ejwayele yokuthi kwanele flip inkinobho kagesi lisebenze yasendlini ifakwe i injini yayo ashukumisa indlela locale kusebenta. Futhi mayelana izinqubo ezenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo, akekho izingqondo eyodwa kakhulu. Direction amandla amp uchaza hhayi kuphela isimiso okusebenzela kuyo izinjini, kodwa futhi ukucacisa lapho ncamashi izothunyelwa ku torque.

Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga nenjini DC: ihange yakhe - luhlaka-isisekelo nge emazombezombe. Kuvele ensimini zangaphandle kazibuthe kuveza izingongolo ekhethekile. Njengoba isilonda ikhoyili phezu armature, le isiyingi ke ezinhlangothini ezilwisanayo zamanje isiqondiso esiphikisayo yayo izingxenye umqhubi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-ampere amandla isinyathelo Vector counterclaims. Njengoba isikhonkwanslikujana kuvikelwe kuya amabombo, isenzo mutual zithwala ampere amandla yakha torque engu. Nge ekukhuleni Inani lamanje le inyuka zamanje namandla. Yingakho ukalwe kagesi (elicacisiwe isitifiketi for imishini kagesi) ne torque xhumanisa ngqo. Ukwandisa zamanje ukhawulelwe izici constructional: sectioned emazombezombe wire, inani badedelane nokunye.