Uyini amandla Lorentz

Uyini amandla Lorentz? Cabanga uhlobo imvelo ukuthi igcwale umugqa umfutho yasendle kagesi. Uma beka kule ndawo kwanoma iyiphi kagesi (kungaba njengoba kuyizinhlayiyana aphansi kanye umzimba icala), khona-ke uyonikwa umthelela F, ngokuthi "Lorentz amandla". Omunye amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo - kuba phambi ukusheshisa nezinhlayiya. Ngamanye amazwi, lo lokushaja ngezinhlamvu ezihlelwa ngesandla. Kukhona ifomula ngenxa yokuzimisela kwamanani ukubaluleka kwayo kwamanje:

F = Q * (E + ((1 / c) * v) * B),

lapho Q - hha; E - ukushuba emkhakheni kagesi; B - amandla magnetic field; v - velocity we kuyizinhlayiyana abathwele icala; c - njalo ngejubane lokukhanya.

Lona ngowodwa nje lokumelwa. Kukhona uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngokubhala kuwo, avumele ukunquma uyini Lorentz amandla, zithwala isiqondiso namakhono abo zifakwe.

Njengoba sekushiwo (futhi kubonakala amafomula), kuba ukunyakaza ibalulekile. Iqiniso ukuthi ukunyakaza icala ngenxa ukuxhumana yayo kanye nensimu kukhona lo EMF (amandla electromotive). Futhi akunandaba ukuthi ubunjalo umthelela, eziqalisa ukunyakaza (amandla adonsela phansi, amacala isinyathelo nomunye nokunye.).

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto izenzo, i-Lorentz force ngqo kuhlobene nezinga iziphetho Lenz futhi kuncike emithethweni yalo. Khumbula lokho okushiwo yinkulumo yokugcina. Isenzo ezilethwa ibutho electromotive ngecala ezihambayo emkhakheni, njalo ngamakhasimende ngendlela (kuba ubuningi vector) ezinjalo, ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinguquko ku ukusheshisa.

Omunye ongathi ibutho Lorentz kunqunywa Coulomb nokuxhumana amacala futhi izingxenye ezimbili ezengeziwe elihlobene ne-motion - inomthelela amandla kazibuthe amakhulu kanye kagesi ensimini. Ngokuvamile, i-incazelo izinqubo usebenzisa imodeli elandelayo: e kazibuthe kanye lokungeniswa zithwala B kukhona L ingxenye umqhubi ubude endaweni cross-Sectional S, lapho kagesi I. zamanje Kugcine kuncike ngqo Q ubuningi kwenkokhiso abathwali sidlula endaweni ivolumu iyunithi ngesikhathi esithile ( ie ngesikhathi v isivinini). Ngakho, amandla adingekayo (Lorentz) kuyinto isilinganiso amandla zangaphandle, nomthelela ngamunye yenethiwekhi litshaja ivolumu inikezwe inombolo ngaphandle kwenkokhiso babashayeli.

Uma sicabangela izinto eziningi vector, lo Lorentz amandla njalo iqondiswe perpendicular isiqondiso nesivinini lokungeniswa. Kulula kakhulu ukunquma ukuma kwayo, uma sisebenzisa owaziwa sobunxele umthetho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngokwengqondo entendeni yesandla sakhe sobunxele ezibekwe esinye eduze siyinikeze umqhubi ukuze iminwe ezine zibonisa isiqondiso lapho notshwala kagesi, futhi vector we lokungeniswa ensimini wayalwa perpendicular entendeni. Ngenxa yalokho we isithupha (engela kwesokudla nalo lonke) Kuyobonisa ukuthi isenzo amandla Vector amacala. Omunye izici zalesi amandla ukuthi eshintsha kuphela isiqondiso Vector Isivinini ngayinye izinhlayiya icala, ngenkathi hhayi ekushintsheni amandla motion (energy kinetic).

Ngemva kwesikhathi emva kuvulwa watholakala, futhi ukusetshenziswa Lorentz amandla. Omunye edume kunazo - kuba ukubonakaliswa yayo umphumela Hall. Ngenxa kuyo lesi simanga offset kwenzeka, futhi ukubonakala ngaphandle kwenkokhiso nebangomuso ipuleti conductive (iribhoni). Umthelela Hall is kabanzi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene wokulinganisa izinzwa. Futhi uzinake ingabe isimiso wokusebenza CRT CRT osebenzisa kuka umphumela ohlangothini kazibuthe ku ezihambayo izinhlayiya icala esikhishwa electrode ( "izibhamu") ngoba electron camera phosphor ebusweni kuthiwa baphambukile amaphuzu kabani izixhumanisi zaziwa ngokunembile ngenxa emigqeni nokuxhumana ensimini futhi inkokhelo ezihambayo izinhlayiya .