Isayensi ihlanganisa zonke izindawo umsebenzi womuntu. Ukuze imininingwane ukucabangela umphakathi kanye izenzakalo bemvelo, eyala ngazinye zadalwa. Njengengxenye izihloko ezithakazelisayo kakhulu kithi pedagogy. Lokho uyafundelwa lesi siyalo? Kuyini into futhi isihloko pedagogy? Imiphi imisebenzi ingabe ukuxazulula?
ulwazi olujwayelekile
Ngakho, ake siqale siqonde nencazelo. Pedagogy - isayensi ukuthi ufunda imithetho ukudluliselwa isipiliyoni zomphakathi ezivela lesizukulwane esidala kwencane kanye nokwenziwa yakamuva. It is waziphatha imfundo, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo abantu. Njengoba ngentshisekelo kanye wakhe nokufundisa imisebenzi. Lokhu okungukuthi uchwepheshe womsebenzi Ochwepheshe, ngubani ngosizo ehlukahlukene esebenzisa ithonya kubafundi ngokusebenzisana nabo uzimise- inkinga ka okwatholakala indlela enhle kakhulu yokuba ukuqeqeshwa nokufundiswa.
Inhloko, umenziwa injongo
Izingxenye eyisisekelo iyiphi isayensi. Isihloko pedagogy khulumela imfundo, ngezinga ebanzi - abakuzwayo nokunenhloso ihlelwe yokufunda. Ihlola umnyombo, amaphethini, izitayela, izimiso, nemibono, ithiyori kanye nokuqaliswa kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengoba isihloko pedagogy khulumela imfundo, indima ebalulekile lokhu eyadlalwa abafundi kanye nothisha. Into ukuqonda ngokoqobo, okuyinto okubangelwa ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano ngamunye womuntu futhi umphakathi ngaphansi kwethonya uthisha. Njengoba isibonelo, okubhekiswe inqubo yokufunda, okuyinto eyenziwa ngenjongo umuntu, umphakathi kanye nesimo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi pedagogy uyafundelwa izindlela imfundo, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo, izingane nje kuphela kodwa futhi abadala. Isihlobo elitsheni, ungasho ukuthi ukukhomba amaphethini nokuthuthukisa izindlela elilungile kakhulu yokuba abantu. Futhi uma sifaka kule nto futhi isihloko pedagogy, siye etholwe iqoqo ulwazi ngomthelela isiyalo ku ukwakheka ngabanye.
Imisebenzi, imisebenzi kanye nemibuzo
Yiqiniso, ulwazi olungenhla akugcini pedagogy. Kuyinto isiyalo kakhulu evuthiwe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuleli cala konke ixhunyiwe, futhi indima enkulu ukulungiswa isizukulwane esilandelayo idlala pedagogy. Isihloko kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo nazo kuhlobene. Kunezindawo ezimbili, ngayinye yaba inamazinga amathathu. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu. Ngakho, umsebenzi theory luyasetshenziswa kwi amazinga achazayo, kungakanani abakwaziyo kanye nokuhlola prognostic. It is elungiselela impahla test. umsebenzi kwetheknoloji has kumazinga alandelayo: design, ukuguqulwa lokuzenzela. It is waziphatha ukuqaliswa ezenzekayo. Ngokulinganiswa izinkinga ungasho ukuthi zimi kanje:
- Ukuthola amaphethini emkhakheni wezemfundo, uqeqesho, imfundo, kanye nohlelo lokuphatha.
- Tadisha futhi afingqe umkhuba nesipiliyoni yokufundisa.
- Ukuze wenze izibikezelo mayelana nokuthuthukiswa esizayo.
- Ukuqalisa imiphumela yocwaningo ongazijwayele.
Konke lokhu kuhloswe ukunikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo ethile:
- Kungani futhi lokho kubalulekile ukufundisa kanye nokufundisa?
- Yini okufanele ngokwethula okumele kufundiswe begodu lokho kwezifiso ukuba bagome?
- Indlela bafundise futhi kufundiswe?
isigaba
Ngakho sikubiza nemiqondo eyisisekelo kanye ngokuya pedagogy. Zonke ayoshaywa indiva, sigxila kuphela ebaluleke kakhulu:
- Imfundo. Ngakho sikubiza okunenjongo, uhlelekile futhi iphethwe inqubo ukuxhumana phakathi uthisha nabafundi. Ifuna ukuthola futhi sigxilise ulwazi olusha, amakhono, izindlela umsebenzi engqondweni yethu, ithuthukise amakhono engqondo kanye nezithakazelo.
- Imfundo. Le nqubo, ogxile negalelo okubhekiswe, injongo eyinhloko sifeza umsebenzi ukusiza ingane azuze kudingekile ukuphila emphakathini, ukuxhumana kwabantu futhi ukwakha isimiso sakhe amagugu, ukuvumela ukuphila emphakathini.
- Imfundo. Lokhu kusho inqubo ukujwayelaniswa ne simiso ulwazi lwesayensi, amakhono, amakhono kanye umphumela, okuyinto lubonakaliswa ngesimo sempilo yalelozwe kwakheka izimfanelo siqu zokuziphatha kanye nezinye. Iphinde izuzwe ngenhloso yentuthuko amakhono zokudala.
- Ukwakhiwa. Ngakho yinqubo ngesikhathi lapho kukhona ukuvela komuntu njengomuntu nomphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke kunemtselela inqwaba yezinto: yamaSoviet, somnotho, senhlalakahle, ngokwengqondo, nokunye.
- Development. Ngalokhu sisho ukugcwaliseka potentialities womuntu esivela kuye kusukela azalwa.
- Komphakathi. Lokhu kubhekisela banetiseke nokuthuthukiswa kwabantu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le nqubo ithatha indawo kuwo wonke komuntu ngamunye.
ukuxhumana pedagogical
Le ndlela ngamabomu othintana, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho zokuxhumana nguthishela kanye nengane. Injongo isenzo esinjalo ukushintsha ukuziphatha, imisebenzi kanye ubudlelwano kokuthile noma othile. Lapha kumele ziholele impendulo ezithakazelisayo. Isihloko pedagogy izenzo, khumbula, yinqubo imfundo. Ngakho-ke, kukhona isifundo izici eziningi umsebenzi kwezemfundo. Ngokwesibonelo, singase sithi izenzo babhekwe njengoba isihloko kwezemfundo. Futhi kuba ngokuphelele kweqiniso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukutadisha abantu hhayi kuphela abavamile kodwa abacwaningi ngokwabo kanye nabanakekeli. Ngakho, umqondo wokuthi isihloko pedagogy izenzo uthisha Psychology, futhi ngokuphelele kweqiniso. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi lokhu isiyalo nolimi kusukela neminye imikhakha yesayensi mayelana womuntu. Ngakho-ke, kukhona olwenzeka okuqhubekayo yolwazi olusha, nakho, amakhono omsebenzi, nokunye.
Lisho ukuthini pedagogy?
Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi yayinjani isiqondiso kuba. Njengoba isisekelo salokhu nefilosofi esivuna isiyalo. Liyanezela umlando imfundo. Kulandele pedagogy jikelele okhuluma lezisekelo theory, didactics kanye nokuphathwa esikoleni. Ifundiswa amanyuvesi ukuze kuthuthukiswe abantu jikelele. Khona-ke, ngo-yinkimbinkimbi inqubo uya yobudala pedagogy. Basuke benza ekulungiseleleni pre-school, esikoleni, amakhono kanye nezikhungo zemfundo ephakeme. Ukuze ukuxazulula izinkinga yemfundo futhi ukusiza ukusetshenziswa umphakathi pedagogy nomphakathi. Usebenta imikhaya kabusha izaphula-mthetho, zilungele ukufunda futhi ukukhumbula ulwazi, futhi ufundise abantu indlela ema kuyadingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona imfundo ekhethekile. It ukwenza ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, efana noqeqesho noma izingane oyisimungulu nge izinkinga zokuthuthuka.
Mezhdunauchnye uxhumano
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi pedagogy ithuthukiswe kanye Psychology, izitho zomzimba, kwabantu, ifilosofi, umlando, amazwe, izincwadi, cybernetics nemithi. Njengoba ubona, lokhu kuyinto yangempela wesayensi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi zonke ehlose ukukhulisa umuntu lapho umphakathi isithakazelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi wenziwa interpenetration abaseduze, futhi ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukubona isimo lapho imingcele phakathi sciences kusulwe, futhi ukuthi yini ozoyifaka isiphi isiyalo, akunakwenzeka.
Isicelo practice
Lapho kungaba pedagogy ewusizo? Kwabaningi lokhu kungase kubonakale akumangalisi, kodwa esebenzayo hhayi kuphela hhayi kangaka esikoleni, amakhono kanye zobuciko namanyuvesi. Njengoba isihloko pedagogy njengoba imfundo bameli, isetshenziswa futhi ezahlukene izinhlangano. Inkampani angabhekwa njengesibonelo. Umnikazi wenkampani unesithakazelo lokuthi isebenza ngempumelelo enkulu, futhi ukwenza lokho kumelwe aqikelele ukuthi kukhona izinkinga ngaphakathi iqembu. Ukuze enze lokhu, iqasha umphathi ngethalente Pedagogical ukuthi ungafinyelela noma ubani futhi ukuxazulula le nkinga ngaphambi kokuthi has isikhathi kakhulu ukuwohloka.
isiphetho
Ngakho, sathola ukuthi into pedagogy imfundo, kanye nezinye imiqondo ezokwenza yakha isendlalelo sokobana umuntu ngokuzumayo abanesifiso ukubheka kude umphefumulo womuntu. Nokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ulwazi kuphela, ngaphandle isicelo kwabo okuwusizo, kukhona ezinenani elincane. Kodwa-ke kubalulekile ukuba abe kwemingcele ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi yini kufanele silwele ukuba abe inkosi manipulator. Funda uvikele - yebo, ukuthi ewusizo. Kodwa isidingo sokuba yenze silinganisela ngendlela enengqondo, futhi uma izandla uzothola amandla phezu kwabantu - hhayi kabi.