UStephen Hawking. Indlela yokukhuluma, ubhale izincwadi bese wenza isazi sokuthola

UStephen Hawking ungomunye wama-physicist odumile kakhulu esikhathini sethu. Ngokombono wakhe, hhayi izazi kuphela, kodwa futhi ososayensi bezombangazwe, futhi izomnotho ezivela emhlabeni wonke zilalele. Umcwaningi omkhulu ukholelwa ukuthi lelikhulu leminyaka liyisikhathi lapho isikhathi esiyingozi kakhulu sabantu sesifikile. Iyini isizathu sombono wakhe? Yimiphi imibono ezithakazelisayo uStephen Hawking ayenza phambili ? Usosayensi ukhuluma kanjani futhi yiziphi izinyathelo ezibalulekile ze-biography yakhe? Yonke le mibuzo ayakhathazeki nje kuphela labo abanesithakazelo esijulile ku-physics noma nge-astronomy. Phela, noma ubani othanda isibindi somcwaningi lapho ebhekene nokugula, unesithakazelo ukuthi wakwazi kanjani ukunqoba ngezimo.

Umbiko omfushane kaStephen Hawking

U-Hawking wazalelwa e-UK emndenini odokotela. Uyise wayengudokotela wezokwelapha, futhi unina wayesebenza njengobhala enhlanganweni efanayo. Ubuntwana besosayensi budlulele enkambeni yabodade ababili, kanye nendodana eyamukelwa yi-Hawking - Edward. Lapho eseqedile esikoleni, uStefanu waba umfundi e-Oxford, futhi ngemva kokuphothula iziqu kwakhe waba omunye wabafundi base-University of Cambridge. U-Hawking unabantwana ababili kusuka kumkakhe wokuqala, futhi ngo-1995 washada nomhlengikazi wakhe. Ngonyaka ka-2006, uHoyking wahlukanisa okwesibili.

Qala

Kwakubonakala sengathi konke kwakungokwemvelo ngososayensi wezempilo, futhi akukho lutho oluqeda ukugula. Kodwa ngisho nangesikhathi esemusha, umcwaningi wathola isifo esithinte ngokujulile ukuphila kwakhe konke - i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lesi sifo sathuthuka ngesilinganiso esiyingozi, futhi ngokushesha uHackking wayekhubazekile.

Kungani i-physicist ihlale iveza ukumemeza okujabulisayo ezithombeni zakhe? Iqiniso liwukuthi ngisho naphezu kwezibonakaliso zesifo, usosayensi waqhubeka efunda i-physics, echitha cishe yonke isikhathi sakhe sokuphumula ekutadisheni izindlela ezintsha zesayensi. Ukubekezela nesibindi mayelana nokugula okuqhubekayo, kanye nesithakazelo esiyimbangela ethandekayo, kwasiza uWayking ukuba abe yilungu leRoyal Society yaseLondon.

Ukuthi u-Hawking unikezwa kanjani izifundo zesayensi

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-physicist yezobuchwepheshe ibhekane nokuvuthwa kwe-quantum, kanye ne-cosmology. Indawo yonke igcwele izimfihlakalo, futhi omunye walabo abakhetha ukuphenya nguStephen Hawking. Usosayensi ukhuluma kanjani nokuthi uyakwazi kanjani ukuxhumana nomhlaba wangaphandle nhlobo? Iqiniso liwukuthi, naphezu kokukhubazeka komzimba wonke, usenomzimba owodwa wokusebenza. Inzwa encane inamathiselwe amaphuzu asosayensi, okuxhunywe ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu. Kuncike ekuhambeni kwesibonakaliso sobuso, inzwa ichaza ukuthi umbono wesosayensi uqondiswa kuphi.

Ukukhulumisana ngokuzwakalayo nge-synthesizer

Isibonelo, uma i-Hawking ibheka indawo ethile yekhompiyutha, bese ngosizo lensiza ephendulayo umcwaningi angakwazi "ukuchofoza" endaweni yakhe ethize. Ngalendlela, usosayensi uxhumana nezwe langaphandle, ubhala izincwadi nezinhlamvu ze-scholarly, futhi uqhuba ucwaningo. Abanye abantu bazibuza ukuthi uSteven Hawking uxhumana kanjani nabanye. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi usosayensi akakwazi ukuthumela kuphela nge-e-mail kuphela. Ngokulawula lesi simiso esiyinkimbinkimbi, singathumela isignali kwinkulumo yenkulumo, ngakho-ke ngisho nokuxhumana nabanye ngokuzwakalayo.

Enye yezingxabano zesayense ze-Hawking

Kodwa, naphezu kokutholakala okukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi umcwaningi ulahlekelwe izingxabano kubalingani bakhe. Iphutha likaProfesa Stephen Hawking lavunyelwa kubo ekuxabaneni noJohn Philippe Presquille. Le mpikiswano yaba yinto ekhuthazayo yezinye zezifundo ezishintsha kakhulu lapho uHotking esilandela kamuva. Ingxabano ngokwayo yayikulandelayo.

UJohn Preskill wayekholelwa ukuthi amagagasi avela emabhokisini amnyama aqukethe ulwazi olungenakuqhathaniswa nesayensi yesimanje. U-Hawking wayengumphikisana, engathathi leli phuzu - njengengxabano wacacise idatha yokuhlola eyatholakala ngo-1975. Umcwaningi ukholelwa ukuthi ulwazi alukwazi ukuchithwa kuphela ngenxa yokuthi lingene endaweni yonke.

Ifilimu "I-Universe kaStephen Hawking"

Usosayensi ungumbhali wemidwebo eminingi yobuciko. Omunye odume kakhulu yiyona "Okungafani noStephen Hawking." Ngesikhathi sokuqala wabonakala ezikrinini ze-cinema ngo-2015, futhi indima yososayensi yadlala kahle kakhulu ku- Eddie Redmayne. Kumele ngithi ukulungiswa kokudubula kwakungenxa yomdlali onzima ngempela. Phela, kwakungadingeki nje ukuba athole lonke ulwazi oludingekile - ngubani uStephen Hawking, njengoba usosayensi ekhuluma, wenza kanjani imisebenzi evamile yansuku zonke ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Ingxenye enzima ka-Eddie Redman, owadlala indima enkulu

U-Redmain wachitha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha esebenzisana nabafizikiki futhi ezama ukuzakhela indlela yakhe yokuziphatha ukuze amjabulise ososayensi omkhulu. Kodwa namanje umhlangano wokuqala wabangela umculi ukuba ajabule kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, uSteven Hawking wayemlindele. "Usosayensi ukhuluma kanjani? Futhi ukuthi ungakhuluma kanjani naye? "- yonke le mibuzo yayikhathaza njalo lo mdwebi. Ngenxa yalokho, wakhuluma ngokuphakade ngehora lokuqala lokuqala, ngokushesha nje lapho ehlangana noKlebe. Kwakukhona ukuthi inqubo yokukhuluma imishwana empeleni ihamba kancane kakhulu kunomdlali oyicabanga. Ngakho-ke, wayevame ukugcwalisa ukuphazamiseka okukhulumayo engxoxweni. Kodwa kuze kube manje abantu abasha baseBritain baseBrithani bayathokozisa leli filimu, futhi imishwana evela kule ifilimu sekuyisikhathi eside ihlukaniswe yaba izingcaphuno.

Ukwesaba kososayensi ngekusasa lesintu

Impumelelo yososayensi emkhakheni wokucwaninga nge-astrophysics ayinakuphikwa namuhla. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uStephen Hawking - i-Newton XX leminyaka. Kodwa-ke, uhlanganyela nokwesaba kwakhe ngekusasa lesintu kanye nabameleli bezinye izinhlaka zolwazi - ososayensi bezombangazwe, osomnotho, izazi zezenhlalo. Isibonelo, ukwesaba okukhulu kwe-Hawking kungenzeka ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yabantu abangaphephile bayothola ukuphila. Phela, ubuchwepheshe besimanje buholele esimweni esingaqondakali: Umsebenzi wezandla nabasebenzi abanamakhono usebenza ngokwengeziwe. Ngenxa yalokho, inzuzo emihle iyatholakala kuphela kumakilasi aphakathi nendawo yokudala.