USolzhenitsyn, "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha." Ukuhlaziya, isifinyezo ngiswa abasemqoka abazizwa

indaba uSolzhenitsyn sika "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha" yadalwa ngo-1959. Umbhali wawubhala phakathi umsebenzi phezu noveli "OwokuQala Circle". Ezinsukwini 40 nje uSolzhenitsyn "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha." Uhlaziyo lo msebenzi - isihloko lesi sihloko.

indaba ephathwayo imisebenzi

abafundi indaba bajwayelene ukuphila endaweni ekamu lama-ongumlimi Russian. Nokho, umkhiqizo kuncike abutholakali impilo ekamu. Ngaphezu ekusindeni imininingwane ezonini, "One Day ..." iqukethe imininingwane yokuphila edolobhaneni, kuchazwe ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu abalazi hero. Endzabeni eTurin, induna, - ubufakazi nemiphumela okuholele collectivization kuleli zwe. Esikhathini mpikiswano ehlukahlukene, okuyinto kuhlobene ekamu nezihlakaniphi okuxoxwe izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene art Soviet (kwesizini waseshashalazini ka Yu Zavadsky, ifilimu "Ivan lo esibi" Eisenstein). Mayelana isiphetho ozakwabo zakhe ekamu Shukhov wayethinta imininingwane abaningi emlandweni nenkathi yamaSoviet.

Isihloko isiphetho eRussia isihloko lokusungula yalotshwa umlobi like uSolzhenitsyn. "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha", ukuhlaziywa okuyinto sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo, hhayi ngaphandle. Kukhona, izindikimba wendawo yangasese organically alotshiwe le nkinga jikelele. Kule ndaba, isihloko isiphetho art kuleli kombuso wobushiqela. Ngakho, kusukela ekamu abaculi ukubhala izithombe mahhala nabaqashi. Ubuciko nenkathi yamaSoviet, ngokuvumelana uSolzhenitsyn, yayiyingxenye apharathasi jikelele lokucindezelwa. Shukhov isiqephu ecabanga esikhiqiza amakhaladi "ukhaphethi" handicraftsmen emzaneni asekelwe motif art nokucekelwa.

Uzungu kwendaba

Ukuhambisana nesikhathi kwe we ndaba indaba, okuyinto sidalwe uSolzhenitsyn ( "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha"). Ukuhlaziya ebonisa ukuthi, nakuba ngesisekelo lwendaba izenzakalo ehlala njalo usuku olulodwa kuphela, predlagernuyu Biography of the iqhawe ukucabanga uvumele izinkumbulo zakhe. Ivan Shukhov wazalwa ngo-1911. Wachitha emaphandleni Temgenevo iminyaka yako yangaphambi impi. Ngo umndeni wakhe - namadodakazi amabili (indodana kuphela wafa esemncane). Shukhov kuyinto esalwa ezinsukwini zayo zokuqala. Walimalela bese ekuthunjweni, lapho wakwazi ukuphunyuka. Ngo-1943 Shukhov walahlwa "ukuvukela umbuso" amacala amanga. Wakhonza ngesikhathi isenzo yesehlakalo iminyaka 8. Isenzo komkhiqizo senzeka Kazakhstan, ekamu isiboshwa esikhulile. Ngolunye usuku Januwari ngo-1951, uSolzhenitsyn echazwe ( "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha").

Ukuhlaziywa kohlelo izinhlamvu umkhiqizo

Nakuba iningi lemikhandlu izinhlamvu ifanekiselwa kumbhali izindlela laconic, uSolzhenitsyn lwenziwe ngomfanekiso plastic yabo yokukhuluma. Siyakubona raznotsvete ngabanye, yingcebo izinhlobo womuntu emsebenzini "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha." tale namaqhawe ukuboniswa laconically, kodwa isikhathi eside bahlale inkumbulo umfundi. Umlobi ngezinye izikhathi esanele kokukodwa izingcezwana ezimbili imidwebo ekhululekile. USolzhenitsyn (isithombe kombhali aboniswe ngezansi) sineluvelo esimeni ekilasini imininingwane abalingisi edala kazwelonke, professional kanye nomphakathi.

Ubudlelwano obuphakathi izinhlamvu angaphansi yokwehlayo esiqinile ekamu umsebenzi "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha." Isifinyezo impilo yonke ejele protagonist, emelelwe ngosuku olulodwa kuholela esiphethweni sokuthi phakathi abaphathi bekamu futhi iziboshwa ezingu-- i igebe zingangentaba. Kuyaphawuleka ngingekho kule amagama inoveli, amagama futhi ngezinye izikhathi sebuningini onogada kanye netindvuna. Nobunye bomuntu ngamunye ezinhlelo lezi zinhlamvu livela kuphela izinhlobo zodlame, kanye degree of ngesihluku. Kunalokho, naphezu homogenizing uhlelo izinombolo, abathunjwa abaningi engqondweni hero abakhona ne amagama, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ne patronymic. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi Ukulondolozile nobunye bomuntu ngamunye. Nakuba lesi sitifiketi asisebenzi okuthiwa informers, nitwits futhi Wicks kuchazwe umsebenzi "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha." Lezi zinhlamvu futhi akudingeki amagama. Ngokuvamile, uSolzhenitsyn lisitshela ngendlela uhlelo wangaphumelela ezama abaphendula abantu izingxenye umshini wobushiqela. Ikakhulukazi ezibalulekile kulokhu, ngaphandle umlingisi losemcoka, izithombe eTurin (eyinduna), uPawulu (umsizi wakhe), Buinovska (kavtorang), kanye Latvian Baptist Alyosha Kilgasa.

protagonist

Ngo umsebenzi "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha," isithombe umlingiswa oyinhloko Okuphawuleka kakhulu. USolzhenitsyn wamenza umuntu ovamile, a ongumlimi Russian. Nakuba ngokusobala izimo "elingavamile" kukhona zokuphila ekamu, yembhali ubuntu bakhe ugcizelela ngamabomu yangaphandle ewubukhazikhazi ukuziphatha "okuvamile." Ngokombono uSolzhenitsyn, isiphetho ezweni incike zokuziphatha esingokwemvelo kanye ukumelana zemvelo kumuntu ovamile. I Shukhov ezibalulekile - isithunzi kwangaphakathi okungenakubhubhiseka. Ivan Denisovich, ngisho nokulinda solagernikam yabo abafundile ngaphezulu, wakudala ongumlimi imikhuba musa ukushintsha wena musa ukulahla.

Kubalulekile kakhulu kwebalingisi hero yomsebenzi wakhe Dexterity: Shukhov wakwazi ukuthola trowel wakhe ukhululekile; isikhunta nezinkezo kamuva, efihla izingcezu aluminium wire; Yena machined ummese ukusonga futhi ngobuchwepheshe hoard ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane obonakala ungelutho ubufakazi bokuba khona kwalesi uhlamvu, isimo sakhe, uhlobo nenhlonipho ongumlimi, imikhuba siqu - konke lokhu umongo indaba isethelwe amagugu ezikuvumela ukusinda ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima e nobuntu. Shukhov, isibonelo, njalo uvuka 1.5 amahora ngaphambi isehlukaniso. Yena ngokwakhe kungokwabamesabayo izikhathi ekuseni. Kubalulekile hero ngalesi sikhathi, inkululeko yangempela futhi ngoba ungakwazi ukuthola.

"Cinematic" amasu compositional

Ngolunye usuku kulo mkhiqizo iqukethe womuntu phetho ihlule ziphuzo zazihluzwa zokuphila kwakhe. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uphawule ngezinga eliphezulu ngokuningiliziwe: wonke amaqiniso endabeni sehlukaniswe tincenye ezincane, iningi okuyinto enikeziwe closeup. Umbhali usebenzisa "cinematic" amasu compositional. Yena babegcina, kakhulu ngokucophelela uqaphe indlela ngaphambi kokushiya emabhalekisini ubuntu bakhe othwala noma odla amathambo endoda izinhlanzi ezincane, wangena isobho. A "Uhlaka" olulodwa unikelwa endabeni ngisho ngokuningilizwe kangaka obonakala ungelutho ukudla njengoba amehlo inhlanzi, sintanta isobho. Kulesi uzobona ngokufunda umsebenzi "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha." Okuqukethwe izahluko le ndaba a Ukufunda ngokucophelela ikuvumela ukuba uthole izibonelo eziningi ezinjalo.

Umqondo "isikhathi"

Kubalulekile ukuthi umbhalo usebenza nomunye eduze ndawonye, ngezinye izikhathi aze acishe abe lahlotshaniswa nokuba imiqondo ezifana "usuku" nelithi "ukuphila." Kuhlangana enjalo wenziwa ngumlobi ngokusebenzisa welithi "isikhathi" kuzo lapho elandisa jikelele. Ithemu - kuyisijeziso esifanele sikhishwe isiboshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo imithetho sangaphakathi udilikajele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi leligama lisho ikusasa lomuntu futhi isikhumbuzo wale mithandazo, inkathi ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe. ukuqokwa yesikhashana ngaleyo ndlela athole umkhiqizo osetshenziselwa ezijulile zokuziphatha nezingokwengqondo.

esigcawini

Isimo futhi abalulekile kakhulu. iziboshwa esinonya isikhala ekamu, kuyingozi ikakhulukazi izindawo wadalula zone. Iziboshwa ezisheshayo ukuwela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi amakamelo. Ukwesaba kwabo ukuba zibanjwe kule ndawo, ngaphansi kwesivikelo ezisheshayo uphehle emabhalekisini. Ngokungafani nalabo abathanda ibanga kanye nodedangendlale Amaqhawe izincwadi Russian, Shukhov nezinye iziboshwa baphupha yokukhosela ophithizelayo. Kubo, eqhugwaneni iyikhaya.

Mina Yayiyini olulodwa Ivana Denisovicha?

Izici olwenziwa Shukhov olulodwa kunikezwa ngokuqondile kumbhali emsebenzini. USolzhenitsyn sabonisa ukuthi lo Usuku kwimpilo umlingiswa oyinhloko waba yimpumelelo. Ukucabanga ngakho, umlobi waphawula ukuthi iqhawe akazange bavalelwa bodwa, hhayi wakhahlela ku Sotsmistechko brigade, yena zakosil iphalishi lasemini, eyinduna ivaliwe kahle protsentovku. Shukhov ukubeka odongeni kumnandi, akazange ifike Shmona nge hacksaw, kusihlwa uhola kuKhesari ngathenga ugwayi. I protagonist futhi wagula. Kuphumelele usuku unalloyed, "cishe ojabulayo '. Lona umsebenzi "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha" ukubekwa ngamafuphi kwesibopho imicimbi yayo eyinhloko. Amazwi kaJesu okugcina lapho umsindo kombhali njengoba ezolile yeqhawe. Uthi kulezi zinsuku kwaba esikhathini Shukhov 3653 - 3 izinsuku extra ukuvalelisa ngenxa eminyakeni eqa.

USolzhenitsyn uye wakugwema ekhombisa evulekile imizwelo futhi amazwi big: kuhle, nokuthi umfundi yimuphi umuzwa ezifanele. Futhi Siyaqiniseka kumiswa avumelanayo indaba mayelana kwamandla omuntu namandla wokuphila.

isiphetho

Ngakho, emsebenzini wakhe "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha" nezindaba ezaphakanyiswa nezokusigcoba kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. USolzhenitsyn izalana izici eziyinhloko okuqinisekile lapho ubunzima Amazing nokuhlushwa lalizobhujiswa abantu. Umlando zalesi simo kungaqali ngo-1937, kwasho ukwephulwa lokuqala Party nokuphila isimo, kodwa kakhulu ekuqaleni, kusukela ekuqaleni khona eRussia kombuso wobushiqela. Ngo umkhiqizo ngaleyo ndlela ihlule ethulwa isiphetho abantu abaningi Soviet ngubani baphoqeleka ukuba akhokhe intengo iminyaka yokuhlushwa, ukululazeka, emakamu ezinikezele futhi sithembeke. Umbhali kule noveli "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha" ephakanyiswe lezi zimpikiswano umfundi ukuba acabange ngesimo izenzakalo nasemkhakheni umphakathi, futhi bazenzela iyiphi iziphetho. Umlobi akusho moralize, angathi okuthile, kuphela uchaza ngokoqobo. Umsebenzi wobuciko kusuka ke uwina kuphela.