Ungakanani ufunda isiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni? Izifundo zesiNgisi zabaqalayo

Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ungakanani ukufunda isiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukunikeza impendulo engavumelani ngokubonisa okuthile kwesikhathi esithile cishe akunakwenzeka. Phela, kuncike ezintweni eziningi: izinga lamakhono abantu, amandla okugqugquzela, ukuqina kwezindlela zokufundisa, imigomo nezintandokazi, indawo ezungezile, njalonjalo.

Yini echaphazela ijubane lokuqeqeshwa?

Kunezici eziningi ezizocacisa ijubane nekhwalithi yokuqeqeshwa. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Ikhono lomfundi: inkumbulo, ikhono lokugxila emsebenzini othile, ukucabanga okudala, amakhono okuqonda nokunye okunjalo.
• Ulwazi lwezinye izilimi. Njengomthetho, uma umuntu esufunde ulimi lwangaphandle, ukufunda okwesibili noma kwesithathu kuzoba lula.
• Ikhono lomsebenzi, kanye nokuqina nokujwayelekile kwamakilasi. Isikhathi esiningi sizozinikezwa kwesinye noma esinye isiqondiso, ngokushesha ungakwazi ukuthola imiphumela ebonakalayo.
  
• Imvelo nayo ibalulekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufanele ufunde isiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni ekhaya noma unethuba lokuhlanganisa imininingwane ngokusebenza, ukuxhumana nabamele i-England, i-America noma elinye izwe elinolwazi olusemthethweni lwesiNgisi.
• Ukugqugquzela. Uma kunamandla, kuzoba lula ukufunda. Ubukhona bomgomo othize kuzosiza ukugcina inzalo kwinkqubo yokufunda.
• Inzalo. Kukhona abantu abangabuza ukuthi ungakanani ukufunda isiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni. Inqubo yokuqashelwa kubalulekile kubo.

Indlela yokwandisa isisusa?

Ukugqugquzela kungenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zempumelelo. Esikhundleni somgqugquzeli ongcono kakhulu lapho ufunda ulimi lwangaphandle, njengombuso, okukodwa kokulandelayo kuphakanyiswa:

• Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe.
• Ukukhuphula izinga lezemisebenzi namathemba aqhakazile, okuyovulelwa ngokusebenzisa ulwazi olusha.
• Isithakazelo esiqotho esimweni sezwe, ulimi okulindeleke ukuthi lifundwe.

Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini imigomo, inqubo yokufunda kufanele ibe mnandi. Umhumushi owaziwa kakhulu u-Cato Lomb, owakhuluma izilimi ezingu-16, welule ngezikhathi ezithile ukushintsha uhlobo lomsebenzi. Isibonelo, uma ukhathele ukutadisha incwadi yolimi, ungayifaka eceleni isikhashana futhi unake ukufunda ukufunda inganekwane noma ukubukela ibhayisikobho ngolimi lokuqala.

Ukufeza umgomo othize

Umgomo owenziwe ngokucacile ukwandisa amathuba okuphumelela kwawo. Isifiso sokufunda isiNgisi singaba ukuphishekela okungapheli kokuphelela okungapheli. Uma kungekho mihlahlandlela eqondile yokuhlola ububanzi bomsebenzi okwenziwe, kungase kubonakale sengathi yonke imizamo ayilutho. Izwi elithi "Ngifuna ukufunda isiNgisi" lizwakala lizwakala futhi lingathwali okushiwo. Kuyoba lula ukuhlola imiphumela yakho esikhathini esizayo uma unomsebenzi othize: ukufunda le ncwadi ekuqaleni, ukuqonda amazwi amaningi, noma ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nezikhulumi zomdabu ngezihloko zansuku zonke, njll. Ngakho-ke, uzibuze umbuzo wokuthi ungafunda okuningi kangakanani IsiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni, wonke umuntu kufanele azikhethele yena, lokho akubeka kulo mqondo nokuthi yiziphi izinhloso ezizodingeka esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuhlala njalo kwezifundo

Kungakhathaliseki izindlela zokufundisa, amakilasi kufanele abe njalo. Kungcono uma isikhathi sisatshalaliswa ngendlela efanayo: imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke ekufundeni, ekuqondeni ukulalela, ukubhala noma ukukhuluma kusebenza kangcono kunamahora amathathu ngesonto.

Enye indlela enhle yokufunda ukulalela ama-audiobooks we-English noma ama-podcasts. Ama-podcasts akhipha ukukhishwa okufushane okuhloswe ukufunda ulimi nokuchaza izici ezihlukahlukene zamasiko nezansuku zonke zamazwe angamaNgisi. Okufakiwe okufanayo kuyazinikezelwa kumazinga ahlukene: kusukela ekuqaleni kuya phambili.

Kunamagama amangaki okudingayo ukuze ukwazi ukuxhumana kwansuku zonke?

Idatha yezifundo ezehlukene ihluke kancane, kodwa, ngokusho kwezinkomba ezijwayelekile, okulandelayo kungashiwo:

• Isiteji sesisekelo sidinga ulwazi okungenani amagama angu-400-500.
• Ukuxhumana nokuqonda ezingeni elilula, udinga ukuqonda amagama angu-800-1000.
• Amagama angu-1500-2000 azosiza ukuxhumana ngokuzikhandla ngezihloko zansuku zonke.
• Amazwi angaba ngu-3000-4000 asevele avumela ukufunda umshini we-English.
• Amazwi angu-8000 i-vocabulary enhle.
• Ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-10 - izinga le-European efundisiwe.

Izichazamazwi ezivamile zezivunguvungu zenzelwe lezi zinhloso, lapho izingxenye ze-lexical zingalungiswa ngokulandelana kwe-alfabhethi, kodwa ngokusho kwemvamisa yokusetshenziswa. Kukhona nezichazamazwi zama-thematic, lapho amagama ahlukaniswe khona.

Indlela yokufunda amagama?

Ukuze ufunde ulimi kusho ukwenza kube ngokwakho. Ukufunda isiNgisi, kubalulekile kuqala ukuthi uqaphele lawo mazwi nemishwana enezilinganiso zesiRashiya ezivame ukusetshenziselwa inkulumo yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi benza iphutha lokukhumbula izinhlu zezinyunithi ze-lexical, ezingasetshenziswa kamuva. Amazwi angeke aqhutshwe azokhohlwa masinyane. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, udinga ukunaka isethi ye-lexical ezovumela umuntu ukuba akhulume ngaye futhi axoxe ngezihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Enye iphutha, ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abaqala ukukhuluma ngesiNgisi, bekhanda uhlu lwamagama ngaphandle kokusebenza okusebenzayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuhlanganisa amagama nokwakha imisho, izinkinga zingase ziphakame. Ama polyglot amaningi atuswa ukuba afunde amagama ngesimo. Ngunithi ngayinye ye-lexical, ungakhetha imisho embalwa lapho ikhona khona. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthuthukisa ukushelela kokukhuluma nokukhulisa kakhulu amathuba okufunda olunye ulimi.

Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukwakha isisekelo esihle ukuze kungadingeki ukuthi ubuyiselwe emuva kwesikhathi. Ukusebenza ngokubiza amagama kufanele kuqhutshwe kakade esigabeni sokuqala. Oqalayo kufanele afunde indlela yokufunda izincwadi zesiNgisi, futhi afunde ukufunda nokubhala futhi afunde ukuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani ngokusebenza.

Izinga zesiNgisi

Ngokuvamile, noma yiluphi ulimi luhlukaniswe ngamazinga amaningana. Ngaphambi kokuphendula umbuzo wokuthi ungakwazi ukufunda isiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni, udinga ukuqonda ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi isigaba ngasinye simele.

• Elementary. Kulesi sigaba, umuntu uyazi inamba encane yamazwi alula nemisho, futhi unomqondo othile wesakhiwo sohlelo lolimi. Ukuze ufinyelele ezingeni eliphansi, isilinganiso samahora angu- 100 kuya kwangu-200 esikoleni siyadingeka .
• Isiqalo. Izinga lokuqala lihilela ikhono lokwakha imisho elula ukugcina ingxoxo ngezihloko ezilula. Noma kunjalo, inani lezihloko ezinjalo likhawulelwe kakhulu.
• Ngaphambi kokuphakathi. Leli zinga lingaphansi kwesilinganiso. Ulwazi lwegrama ngalesi sigaba alubi. Naphezu kwesilulumagama esincane, ungaziveza ezihlokweni ezijwayelekile. Kodwa ukuqonda inkulumo yesikhulumi saseNgilandi sasekhaya kuzoba nzima.
• Okuphakathi. Ngezinga elivamile lesiNgisi, abaningi sebevele bexhumana kahle ngezihloko zansuku zonke, kanye nokufunda umshini wokucwaninga nokuqanjiwe okungavamile.
• Okuphezulu-Okuphakathi. Izinga elingaphezu kwesilinganiso lizovumela ukukhulumisana ngokukhululekile nabantu bezinye izizwe, ukufunda izincwadi eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi uzame ukungena ezifundeni zase-Western noma ukufuna umsebenzi ngaphandle.
• Okuthuthukisiwe. Izinga eliphakeme lizovumela ukufaka cishe noma yiyunivesithi noma ukuthola umsebenzi ofanele kwelinye izwe.
• Ubuchwepheshe - ochwepheshe. Kuleli zinga, izakhamuzi zaseNgilandi ezifundisiwe zaseNgilandi noma e-United States ziyazi. Yisigaba sokugcina esibizwa ngokuthi ulwazi lolimi ngokuphelela.

Ngokwezibalo, esiteji sokuqonda izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuqala, isikhathi sokushintsha kusukela ezingeni elidlule kuya kwesilandelayo livela ezinyangeni ezingu-3 kuya kwezi-6. Ukuphakama kusuka ezingeni eliyisisekelo kuya ezingeni eliyinhloko, udinga ukusebenza okungenani izinyanga ezintathu. Kusukela esigabeni esiphakathi (esiphakathi), ukuguqulwa kwesigaba ngasinye esilandelayo kuzothatha cishe izinyanga ezingu-6-9. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zibalo zilinganiselwa kakhulu.

Kuphumelela kanjani ukufunda ulimi oluzimele?

Ngesifiso esikhulu kanye nokwaziswa okukhethiwe kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi ukwazi kahle ulimi ngaphandle kosizo luthisha. Nokho, ngokuqeqeshwa okunjalo, izikhala zolwazi zingavela. Amanye amakhono angaba aphansi kakhulu kwabanye. Isibonelo, umuntu ofundela ekhaya ezincwadini angafunda ngokukhululekile izincwadi ezisekuqaleni, kodwa uyoba nobunzima ukuzama ukuxhumana nommeleli wezwe elikhuluma isiNgisi. Isizathu siwukuntuleka komkhuba ekukhulumeni ngomlomo. Ngakho-ke, labo abakhetha indlela enjalo kufanele bazame ukusebenzisa zonke izinketho ezikhona: ukufunda izincwadi, ukutadisha izincwadi zokufunda, ukuxhumana nezikhulumi zomdabu ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi, njalonjalo.

Enye indlela yokuziphendulela, eyazifihla ngokwayo isifundo esizimele sesiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni, yilokho okusho ukuthi oqalayo angaba nobunzima. Esikhathini sokuqala kuphakanyiswa ukutadisha nothisha. Thatha okungenani izifundo ezimbalwa ukuze ufunde ukufunda iziNgisi nezinhlanganisela zabo.

Indlela yokucwiliswa

Ukucwiliswa phakathi kwezikhulumi zolimi lwangaphandle kuyisimo sokucindezeleka esikuvumela ukuba uhlanganise izinto ezingase zifihliwe zobuchopho. Le ndlela isisiza ukunqoba umkhawulo wokwesaba ukwehluleka nokungabaza ngamakhono akho. Ukufunda isiNgisi kuba umsebenzi oyinhloko ozoshiya zonke ezinye izinto ezenzeka ngemuva. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le ndlela yokuqeqesha idinga umzamo omkhulu, ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiwe nokuqaphela ngokucophelela ukuqonda uhlelo olusha lokucabanga nokuxhumana. Kungaba iphutha ukukholelwa ukuthi ulimi, uma lugcwele imvelo efanele, luzozifunda.

Izifundo zesiNgisi zinikeza?

Abantu abaningi abafuna ukufunda ulimi lwangaphandle, banikeze phambili izifundo zeqembu ngezifundo.

Le ndlela yokuqeqesha inezinzuzo eziningi:

• Ukusebenza eqenjini kuyashukumisa kakhulu. Kukhona ithuba lokuqhathanisa imiphumela eyakhe kanye nempumelelo yabanye abantu futhi bafisa ukuphakamisa amakhono. Lokhu kusiza ekubhekaneni nobuvila nokuzigwema, okuvame ukucindezela labo abanenkinga ekuziphatheni.
• Eqenjini kulula kakhulu ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana ngomlomo, ukuqonda inkulumo yangaphandle ngezindlebe nokuveza umbono womuntu ngolimi lokutadisha.
• Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzihlola, izifundo akudingeki zicabange ngokukhetha izincwadi ezifanele zokufundisa nokuqoshwa komsindo. Utitjhere uhlela isakhiwo esicacileko samaklasi. Kubantu abaningi, ukufunda olunye ulimi ohlelweni oluthile lusebenza kangcono kunemizamo yokuzimela yokufunda. Ngothisha, umbuzo wokufunda ulimi uzoba lula kangakanani ukuxazulula. Uzokhetha uhlelo olufanele futhi akusize ukuba ukwazi kahle.
• Enye inzuzo ukuthi izifundo zesiNgisi zinikeza ithuba lokuthola ukuhlola okuhloswe ngamakhono akho. Uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe uzokwazi ukuveza amaphutha futhi aqondise ukuqeqeshwa ngendlela efanele, ekhombisa ukuthi kungcono ukulalela esiteshini esithile sokuqeqeshwa. Ukuqonda amandla abo kanye nobuthakathaka bukhulu kakhulu inqubo yokwaziswa.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isiNgisi esisheshayo ezingeni eliphakeme ngaphandle kokuzikhandla okukhulu yi-utopia. Ukuze ukhulume ngokukhululekile ngolunye ulimi, kudingeka ufunde ukucabanga ngakho. Futhi lokhu kuzodinga ukwenza. Noma kunjalo, ngesisusa esifanele kanye nezifundo ezivamile, ungakwazi ukuthola imiphumela emihle.