Futhi niyazi, ikuphi ukuhlobana okukhona emphakathini kanye nemvelo?

nokuxhumana womuntu futhi imvelo ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze kwaba ka uhlamvu eyodwa emaceleni: ngempela abantu ngangingenamsebenzi mayelana, ukuze ngandlela-thile ubuyise imithombo yemvelo ngokungadingekile. Umama Nature kwaba umhlengikazi abazidela kubo uvele ngaphandle kokubuza bangibuyisele ngokuthile. Futhi ingxenye somphakathi wesintu, njengendlela yokugcina, yayingase kuphela ulindele ucabangisisa, ubudlelwane senkondlo. Kodwa kule kwekhulu lamashumi amabili nanye, kulapho umphakathi nokuningi kufanele ucabange ngemiphumela izenzo zabo, futhi yilokho kanye ubuhlobo emphakathini kanye nemvelo.

Kuyini ubunjalo

Ukuze ukwazi ukubona izici eziyinhloko ubudlelwane wathi, udinga ukuqonda ngokucacile okushiwo nemvelo. Ifilosofi, kukhona ezimbili definition ezivame kakhulu lo mqondo. Esokuqala sithi imvelo akalutho kodwa iqoqo emvelo futhi ngokungafanele, okuyinto akhona kungakhathaliseki umphakathi wesintu.

Ngokwenhlolo-indlela yesibili, futhi kuyinto iqiniso umgomo ezimele kodwa ngaphansi kwemithetho ethile futhi kudingekile.

uhlelo yokubukwa ngemvelo kusaqalwa yentuthuko umphakathi

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imiqondo ehlukahlukene mayelana okushiwo imvelo ziye zashintsha kanye endoda ngokwayo. Lapho eneminyaka engu-ukuzivikela esayo, walunika omnipotence cishe angenamkhawulo. Imvelo wawungelona nje uhide nezinxushunxushu yakhiwa izakhi engenabuntu yayingowesifazane umama, umhlengikazi, emenza zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Ubudlelwano yomuntu, imvelo kanye nomphakathi ukucabanga ngokuya ubunye nokuzwana. Lo mqondo kubonakala imisebenzi yezazi zasendulo. Ngakho, isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u lasendulo Democritus ibhekwa indoda njengoba iqoqo athomu, ebonisa uhlelo langokholo isikhathi.

Khona-ke abantu namanje ayengenayo indlela ezingase niwunqobe ubunjalo yezinhloso zabo. Ngakho bebuka njengento okungafanele ephakeme, bayahlonishwa wakhe, ngandlela-thile, ngisho wazama ukulingisa awo acekela kokuba unamandla angenamkhawulo.

Ubuhlobo yesimo Ephakathi

I yisandla ukuthi inquma hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki umphakathi Ephakathi, kwaba yinkolo. Izinkolelo e angaphezu kwawemvelo futhi laphezulu kunqunywa sengqondo nemvelo. Injongo eyinhloko ye-abantu usuphelile manje alwa siqu essence sabo sokungahlanzeki nesinesono - futhi, njengoba wazi, ngezindlela eziningi kufaniswa nezimpumputhe, ingqondo ezilwayo amabutho zokucathula nemvelo.

Ucwaningo we kulomhlaba Ephakathi awuzange bakhuthazwe. Ngakho-ke, ngalezo zinsuku ngalokho ubuhlobo umphakathi kanye nemvelo, wacabanga kuphela ongqondongqondo kwakwakhiwa kakhulu futhi babe nesibindi.

Isimo e-Renaissance

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka zokululama isithakazelo amasiko zobuciko bemvelo uqala kubonakale njengendlela mthombo: abantu enizibiza komunye nomunye ukuba sibuyele kuwo ukusesha zokudala. izici ngokuphelele entsha ihlobene imvelo e ekhulwini le-17 nele-18. Ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu uqala ukusebenzisa amandla engqondweni yakhe ekutadisheni emvelo. Manje badinga kuye ukwandisa umthamo production.

Lezi ukubukwa ziyabonakala ifilosofi ngokuphathelene naleso sikhathi: abantu sebeqala ukucabanga ngendlela entsha, ikuphi ukuhlobana okukhona emphakathini kanye nemvelo. Manje umsebenzi oyinhloko kuyinto kwakuwukuthi amabutho zokucathula isizathu intando. Ngakho, usosayensi omkhulu Frensis Bekon wathi inhloso intuthuko yomuntu onamandla phezu kwalezi amabutho.

Isikhathi ukukhumbula lokho lubonakala ubuhlobo umphakathi kanye nemvelo

Lesi simo sengqondo lanqoba kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule. Nature livele kuphela deku imithombo. Kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abantu bayobona ukuthi ukuphila kwawo kuxhomeke imvelo. Lo mbono kungenziwa adlulisiwe umusho olula: "Umhlaba - ikhaya lethu ezivamile".

Kungenjalo, awukwazi ukusho. Standing embundwini i nenhlekelele emvelweni, umuntu baphoqeleka ukuba bavume ukuthi aze akanayo indawo lapho engaya endaweni yonke abandayo kanye alien. Ngakho-ke kufanele sibe nenhlonipho endlini yakhe, sikhumbula ukubaluleka ukuthi ine ubuhlobo nemvelo kanye nomphakathi.

Kuyaqhubeka ukuthungathwa ukulinganisela okunengqondo

Njengamanje le nkampani icabangisise nobuhlobo babo nemvelo. Kumelwe lokuzinqumela emgqeni ehlukanisa ukusetshenziswa ayeveza kwezinsiza futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe imvelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu kwakudingeka izinto ezibonakalayo ahlinzekwa iplanethi enguMhlaba. Ngakolunye, ukuphepha kwabo kuncike empilweni yakhe.

Imvelo into yizenzo zabantu. Kuyinto indaba kuyadingeka ukuze uguqule umphakathi ngezinhloso zabo. Ubudlelwano bemvelo umphakathi ngenxa kuzo zombili lezi zimpikiswano ukusinda kwabantu kanye nezinkinga kwezidingo zomphakathi.

Uma umuntu uphelelwa ngokusimama kwezinsiza zemvelo, ukuthi kuyoba njani isalukazi kusuka inganekwane by Pushkin, ngubani wasala lutho. Umphakathi kumele bakuqonde ukuthi ngokubhubhisa bemvelo sibheke khona ukufa. Bawuphundle kwemithombo yemvelo, ke phuca ngokwayo base impahla ukukhiqiza. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi imvelo kanye nomphakathi kudingeka nje kube imvelo umthengi. Man ubophekile ukuba anakekele imvelo. Lesi isilinganiso alikwenqabeli ukuphuza kungenzeka indlela yobuhle ezesayensi.

Ezingokwemvelo Kanye Nezenzo yezenhlalakahle emvelweni yomuntu

Inkinga ancike kwelinye nelinye womuntu emandleni emvelo kuye kwaholela ososayensi bakwazi ukucwaninga embuzweni olandelayo - uma umphakathi kuncike nokunye izimo zangaphandle kwemvelo, ikuphi ukuhlobana okukhona phakathi yemvelo kanye nomphakathi endoda ngokwayo? Lokhu ososayensi inkinga wahlanganyela ezihlukahlukene izindawo - kusuka izazi zemvelaphi nenhlalo yabantu nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo langesikhatheso ngoKukhulamungu. Njengengxenye cwaningo yale nkinga, omunye wabacwaningi wafuna cabanga indoda njengoba oluthile lwento ephilayo. Enye bawahlolisisa cwaningo ukuthi umphefumulo womuntu.

Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile ekutadisheni umbuzo - ikuphi ukuhlobana okukhona emphakathini kanye nemvelo - kukhona imibono umsunguli we psychoanalysis Freud sasho. Wayekholelwa ukuthi lezi zindawo zibe khona umphakathi ngenxa ukuxhumana amandla emvelo ngaphakathi ezibangelwe umuntu begazi futhi nomphakathi ukuthi bathambekele kukhawulwe isinyathelo awo acekela.

ukubukwa Freud sika aye ahlangana eziningi ukugxekwa. Ngokwesibonelo, isazi-Erich Fromm wayekholelwa ukuthi yemvelo kaveli luyinto baphokophelele ukuba lokhu noma leso senzo. Nokho, imiphumela yayo, kanye umcabango nezinye neo-Freudians, siveza indlela yekubukana tintfo ngendlela yemvelo.

usosayensi oyiNgisi Herbert Spencer bahlakulele okuthiwa imfundiso yokuziphendukela organic. Ngokusho kwakhe konke, ichaza ukuhlobana ubuhlobo phakathi imvelo kanye nomphakathi ngezindlela eziningi. Ngokusho ukubukwa Spencer, umphakathi has izici ezifanayo njengoba umzimba begazi.

Ngakho, ekuqaleni kule nkulungwane entsha yeminyaka, indoda yema phambi ngikhethe ukuqhubeka ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo noma ukukhetha amanye izindlela ukuthi musa ukuyiziba umbuzo, ikuphi ukuhlobana okukhona emphakathini kanye nemvelo. Ukuphila Emhlabeni ngeke kakhulu zincike lokhu kukhetha.