"Umngani Gynt" Genrika Ibsena: isifinyezo. "Umngani Gynt": izinhlamvu, ngesakhiwo, indaba ephathwayo

Abantu bathi ikusasa ayikwazi uyokhohliseka, bonke yini eyokwehlela ayehlosile. Into esemqoka - ukuba akhaphele yena, ukukholelwa uthando. Ukuze izifundo ezinjalo ziqondiswe adumile wemidlalo Norwegian futhi imbongi Henrik Ibsen emsebenzini wakhe "Umngani Gynt". It yadalwa ngesikhathi ezikanye namaqiniso romantic. Umbhali wesabela ukuthi inkondlo "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" ngeke waqonda ngaphandle yeNorway, njengoba ligcwele kakhulu izici izici esivela ezweni. Kodwa umkhiqizo usezuze nodumo international, washukumiseleka ezilimini amaningi aseYurophu. Kamuva umqambi Edvard Grieg lalotshwa umculo ohamba phambili, enika umkhiqizo ethandwa kakhudlwana. Ibsen idrama wenza ibe movie izikhathi eziningana, abaqondisi abaningi olwenziwa ukusebenza yayo esiteji.

Nasi ngembhali

Ukuthandwa kudlala wemidlalo odumile Norwegian Henrik Ibsen emazweni ase-European selikhule muva. Uma sikhuluma amakhosi izincwadi zanamuhla, igama lakhe zingafakwa eduze amathalenta ezifana eZola UTolstoy. Ibsen udumo emhlabeni wonke exhumene wabashumayeza emisebenzini yakhe imibono. Umsebenzi wakhe - nempumelelo Western idrama enengqondo ukuthi kuye kwaba nethonya elikhulu ku-emhlabeni art.

Ibsen wenza umbukeli ukuba wakhe co-umbhali ucabange kanye nezinhlamvu. Umlobi ebaluleke kunazo zonke-AMD kubhekwa khona imibono yombhali. Echaza abantu kulesi sigameko, izingxabano kwansuku, okwenza abafundi kokugcina fantasy. Ngokuvamile, umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini ukuboniswa ngabameli lomkhaya ocebile Norwegian, okuyinto nezinkinga ezibalulekile yemali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye indaba yakhe kubhekwa ngokombono isintu, ukuze abafundi bangaba podiskussirovat.

Izinhlamvu eyinhloko Ibsen - ntu azi izikweletu zakho, abahlaziyi abakhetha uhlobo ezabo izindinganiso zokuziphatha, ukufuna iqiniso nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngenxa yalokhu Henrik Ibsen waba uphawu lokuhlala art enengqondo. Umsebenzi wakhe kuhloswe Ukuvuselela kanye nenkululeko kwangaphakathi yomuntu. Ngasekuqaleni kudlala lakhe ibingamashumi "Ukulwela kwesihlalo sobukhosi," "Comedy of Love," "Warriors e Hengelande". Yazisa abafundi inkondlo yakhe "Esikhathini Heights," ukudlala "Brand." nezihloko ezishisayo Empeleni ukuxoxa umbhali in the play "Ghosts", "Lady kusukela oLwandle", "The Duck Wild", "Indlu A Doll sika" nabanye. Uhlelo lokugcina, umsebenzi edabukisayo kakhulu futhi afinyelela ekujuleni Ibsen, kwaba play "Lapho Thina Dead Awaken". On isimo is kakhulu kuthonywa wemidlalo Kuhanjiswe kubo ebuntwaneni ukuhlukumezeka. Wayeke ugumbuqelwa Uyise ocebile ukuya isikhundla social kakhulu futhi ifayela futhi ukuze uthole ucezu lwesinkwa.

Umlando play "Umngani Gynt"

Njengoba aziwa kakade, futhi wathola umfundaze tetemibhalo, Henrik Ibsen wathutha nomkhaya wakhe e-Italy. Kukhona wahlala iminyaka emibili nje usebenza ngenkuthalo ukudala yobuciko ezimbili - udlala "Brand" futhi "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt". yaseshashalazini Abagxeki abaningi ukubona lezi izingcezu kule eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngobe banemibono efanayo - sokuzinqumela ukusungulwa ungubani komuntu.

Unyaka wonke (1867 th), wemidlalo ayelungisa ukudlala. Abangane bakhe, wabhala ukuthi waphupha ukukhulula ke ngoKhisimusi. Igama le nkondlo "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" yigama elifanayo protagonist umsebenzi. Baningi ukwaziswa okuwusizo for the play Ibsen wathatha ukutadisha lokusungula Asbersona. Kusukela yezinganekwane yakhe umbhali waboleka igama Peer Gynt.

Ukudala ubuntu bakhe, wemidlalo esenquma ukudlulisela kuya temdzabu Norwegian. Kanye Folk ubuciko, kwakuzwakala izinkinga esiphuthumayo nge ukubaluleka abahlukene nomphakathi. Umlobi wazama ukubonisa imidwebo satirical umphakathi ukumela emibuthanweni mva e Norway. Abafundi abaningi bakwazi ukubona amaqhawe inkondlo caricatures ababusi.

Ekuqaleni, play lalinabashumayeli izenzo ezinhlanu, wangaba esithombeni. Isenzo liyasuswa endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye. Kudlalwé play esiteji, kulokhu ngomculo ebhaliwe ngokuthi Grieg wawuba ngo-1876. Ngenkathi kuqala kwakukhona izethulo 36.

Izinhlamvu main kule nkondlo

Genrika Ibsena inkondlo igcwele ezihlukahlukene izinhlamvu ahlukahlukene. Nazi nabalingiswa abasemqoka nalabo yesibili "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt":

• Umlimi ongumfelokazi Oz (umama Pera sika);
• Umngani Gynt - protagonist;
• Umkhandi wensimbi Aslak;
• edilini lomshado uMdala izivakashi zakhe kanye abaculi;
• umndeni dengwane;
• Indodakazi dengwane - noHelga Solveig (umthandi yesibili Pera);
• UMnu farmstead ku - Hegstad;
• indodakazi yakhe u-Ingrid;
• shepherdess;
• esikweyoku Dovrsky;
• kumathroli ezinkulu nezincane, izingane zabo;
• izangoma;
• pack of dwarves, nemikhovu, kobolds;
• ekudalweni ugly (okuthiwa indodana Pera);
• ukukhala izinyoni;
• abahambi Inkampani;
• isela;
• indodakazi Anitra zamaBedouin engumHivi;
• iqembu abadansi, izigqila, Arab;
• INhloko ukunyakazisa iminwe e Cairo;
• UNgqongqoshe Hussein;
• Iziguli futhi niqaphe ukunyakazisa iminwe, kanye nabanye.

Isifingqo "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt"

Lapho nje kuphela kuyinto idrama isinyathelo! Okokuqala, kungenxa ezintabeni Norwegian ke emhumeni Dovrskogo umdala. Ngemva kwalokho, umlingiswa oyinhloko ingena kwezihlabathi waseGibhithe. Indawo esilandelayo sokuhlala kwakhe - a ukunyakazisa iminwe. Ekugcineni Ufika umkhumbi futhi ekhethiwe olwandle oluthukuthele.

Isifingqo "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" liqala ukusitshela ngo-emaphandleni Norwegian. I protagonist uPère - guy kusukela ekukhokheni. Uyise, Johann Gynt, indoda kanye emhlabeni ihlonishwe, kodwa kamuva wathatha ukuba baphuze bese balahlekelwa yimpahla yakhe. Peru ngempela ufuna ukubuyela konke wayesaphaze uyise. Youth bavame ukuba siphuphe, ukubukisa, ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuthi yena wayeyiqhawe abanesibindi.

Umama Per Oz nothanda indodana yakhe futhi ngikhathazekile ngokuthi wayengumuntu ethandwa kakhulu namantombazane. Sisivulela insizwa ethile eyasithatha indodakazi umfazi womlimi, Ingrid. Kepha owayo uthandana indodakazi ongumlimi-amahlelo - Solveig. Wedding namanje zenzeke, kodwa ngokushesha wanikela Per-Ingrid, njengoba umxhwele Solveig engavamile. Le nsizwa Kwakudingeka sicashe.

Indaba Landelayo "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" idluliswe ehlathini. Endleleni hero ihlangana nowesifazane Green ingubo, eyise kwakungumuntu Dovrskim yinkosi. Peru kwakufanela ashade naye bese uba Prince. Dovrsky abafana umdala siyingozi isimo kungenzeki - abe troll. Izakhamuzi ehlathini beat nsizwa, kodwa uze Aase ukulekelelwa Solveig, ngubani kakhulu uyakuthanda kuye.

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi yonke into ihamba injabulo, kodwa yavele indodakazi umdala Dovrskogo Peru kuletha silo kancane futhi lithi, 'kwakuyizwe indodana yakhe, ozimisele ukubulala uyise ngembazo. Kudinga Pera aphonse Solveig. Ubamba ebaleka. Ngaphambi kokuba bahambe, nguye ophethe ukuvakashela unina ogulayo.

Ngakho kwathatha iminyaka 50. Umngani Gynt waba umuntu ophumelelayo, futhi izingalo nomthengisi. Uma engena inkampani lezimfene, owawungumnyaka akwazi ukujwayela kakhulu. Khona-ke isiphetho uthola khona e ogwadule eSahara, wahlangana nama-Arabhu.

Ngemva kwalokho, abafundi isifinyezo sezinto "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" ukudluliselwa eGibhithe, lapho iqhawe uzibona-mlando umvubukuli. Ukuba grey ngokuphelele, enquma ukuphindela emakhaya. Ngemva esonta eziningi kanye ematfuba emnyango injabulo yakhe ihlangabezana Solveig esegugile. Wasiza yonke le minyaka elinde othandekayo wakhe yilokho ayekubonile kuye ngokwakhe. Loku ukufingqwa okungafundwa ka "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" - umdlalo lapho umlingisi - wemibono, indoda akanamandla isinyathelo, hhayi ukuphila endaweni yabo.

Izinkinga main futhi izingqikithi play

Abagxeki abaningi etemibhalo bakholelwa ukuthi umfanekiso Peer Gynt, umlobi yabonisa umlingisi ejwayelekile kwekhulu XIX. Per - kusilungisi ukungabi qotho, abantu alithembekile. Inkinga eyinhloko kungaba ngokuthi impersonality ababephila ngesikhathi Ibsen ukuthi kwaba esivela sonxiwankulu. Abantu abaningi abasha ngaleso sikhathi abazange babe ingxenye enkulu ibha yokuzithandela. Ibsen kuphakamisa ngokucacile kakhulu udaba bokuba khona empunga phakathi. Per rose umama inganekwane, futhi ngenxa yalokho uye waba sibalo banengeke ezinjalo. Amaphupho ngokoqobo yaphambanisa engqondweni yakhe. Isihloko "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt" efanele namuhla.

Inani isithombe Peer Gynt

Uhlamvu main kuyinto adumile wemidlalo inkondlo - samuntu nemibono Norwegian zabantu. Sishilo kakade ukuthi wayenguKristu prototype ye zomlando. Ibsen wasibekela ezinganekwaneni zayo kanye eqanjiwe, wamnika kuvamile omele yesimanje ezweni lakhe. Ekuqaleni Per umusa izinhlamvu ngokugqamile futhi ebukekayo abangenayo imigomo, kanye nezinye izinhlamvu eziningi zaseScandinavia. Le nsizwa namanje, lapho ukuze ahambe, yena uya lula endleleni engaziwa. yokwesaba eyinhloko ukuze bakwazi nasezimweni ezinzima ubuye. Per ukungaqedeli imvelo - ke baxhumana kumathroli, kuyiqiniso, izinkawu ... Into esemqoka ukuthi kwaba emuva.

Zonke enqobayo amandla othando

Peer Gynt akukayifezi nomgomo womuntu: yena wangcwatshwa ithalente lakhe njengoba imbongi, ngisho nasesonweni sakhe angazanga ngempela kanjani. Indalo yakhe khona ugly freak-troll. The hero ubona singakanani uthando lwakhe Solveig, kwathiwa sihlushwa wahlushwa unembeza. Yini ufuna ukufeza Gynt? Wayefuna uhlangane lokusungula futhi ukuphila ... Solveig ukuphila lonke elinde othandekayo wakhe. Ekupheleni le nkondlo hero ngokulambisa isijeziso ukuphila kwakhe antule ukuzithiba, ngoba ukudalwa wakhe oyinhloko kwakuwukushumayela uthando.

Ukukhiqizwa play enkundleni

Njalo ngonyaka ehlobo e-Norway (ka Vinstra) umkhosi, which busisa enkondlweni. Kumane isinyathelo Amazing endaweni evulekile, eliveza ngokunembile ukunambitheka eyimfihlakalo kanye zinganekwane abantu Norwegian.

Ngo-1993, actress Russian Antonina Kuznetsova wenza umbukiso Umuntu oyedwa kuphela "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt". Ngo-2011, u-Anton Shahin nendima enkulu in the play "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Gynt", okuyinto wayeqondiswa Mark Zakharov. ERussia, ukusebenza kwegama elifanayo namanje setha Petersburg naseNovosibirsk.

Umculo kuya inkondlo

Umqambi wezingoma odumile Edvard Grieg, owayephila ngesikhathi Ibsen, wabhala lo mculo omnandi osetshenziselwa play "Umngani Gynt". Kakade umqambi XX leminyaka UWERNER EGK wakhulula opera. Ngo-1986, i-ballet ukuthi okuhleliwe ezenzweni ezintathu nge isiphetho sendaba Alfreda Shnitke.

Isikrini lithathelwe inkondlo

Kusukela 1915 umsebenzi izikhathi Ibsen 12 yathathwa. Lokhu kwakwenziwa e-United States, eJalimane, Britain, iFrance, Hungary, Norway. Ngo-2006, umqondisi Uwe Janson ukhiphe inguqulo entsha ye-ifilimu "Umngani Gynt".

Ukubaluleka umkhiqizo isiko emhlabeni

uthando kuphela eyenza umuntu wonke futhi linikeza injongo ekuphileni kwakhe - lo mbono ngokuqinile Ibsen senzeka ngo empucukweni yomhlaba. Umuzi Norwegian Oslo eyasungulwa Sculpture Ipaki Peer Gynt. umculi odumile UNikolai Roerich ekhiqizwa nezindawo ezinhle for ukudlala okuhleliwe ngesikhathi eMoscow Art Theatre. Izazi zezinkanyezi behlonipha omunye namaqhawekazi nkondlo okuthiwa elisemkhathini Aas. Ukubona Peer Gynt isiko izwe okuphakade ofanayo, like izithombe Don Quixote, Faustus, Prince Myshkin, Odyssey ... It udonsa abantu abaningi yokudala, ngakho Ibsen ayedumile emhlabeni wonke.