UMiguel de Cervantes: Biography, lokusungula, imibono neyobuntu

Ngo 1605, emashalofini Madrid izitolo uvele inoveli, umbhali kabani phakathi bakubo, kunalokho, kwaba impumelelo okungaka etemibhalo ezaziwayo, kanjani ukuhlupheka okuningi ekuthunjweni Algeria. Igama omlobi - Miguel Cervantes. Biography of umdali "Skinny umnumzana ewubuciko, egcwele imicabango kayizanga ubani ikhanda", okungukuthi Don Quixote de la marcha - uchungechunge izinkinga kanye uthuthumele esindayo.

Inkathi Cervantes

Umbhali yomunye wabalingiswa edume kunazo wazalwa, aphila futhi wafa ngo nobumpofu obukhulu. Inkathi ayephila kuso wawunobudlova kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kokuzamazama lokuzalwa kwakhe lamashumi ayisikhombisa, wangena kwelinye izwe omkhulu Miguel Cervantes. Biography basibekele iminyaka wokubusa makhosi amathathu nesithombe zezombusazwe kwalesi sikhathi emlandweni Spain libhekene buthakathaka kancane kancane nokubuswa kwezwe kanye despotism iziphathimandla. Nokho, ngekhulu XVI - isikhathi okuyinto ezweni of Cervantes kwaphawulwa ukubukeka Umthala eliqhakazile abalobi abanamakhono, ososayensi kanye abaculi.

Okugcwele yokukhathazeka yimpilo KwabaseSpain ngaleso sikhathi. Abaningi bahlupheka bagcinelwe nzima. Ayikho ngaphandle kule mqondo ungumlobi, uMiguel de Cervantes. Umlando wakhe, Nokho, ngokuvumelana idatha, zisekhona, ngisho nalemvelaphi ivelele. Ukudalelwa beyibonakala bamphendukela kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe.

Hidalgo isinxibi

Enkondlweni "Journey Parnassus" Cervantes uzibiza indoda ukhathale ubumpofu. Akhe dalo baye bajabulela phakathi nokuphila kwakhe ihlonishwe hhayi kuphela eSpain kuphela kodwa futhi phesheya. Futhi ngokuvumelana Umlando we umbhali nabo, waseFrance yizicukuthwane wathi ibinzana ngempela behlakaniphile: "Uma ukudala imisebenzi yakho ye Cervantes kwenza isidingo ke makube kude wayengabatholi kwesokunxele selokhu imisebenzi yakhe uyakwazi yokucebisa umhlaba wonke."

amagalelo Heavy ukudalelwa lakuthola Miguel Cervantes. Biography yomlobi kuhlanganisa izenzakalo ezifana abalimele ngesikhathi impi ye Lepanto, a ekuthunjweni oneminyaka emihlanu e Algeria nezinye izinkathazo eziningi, Nokho, okuyinto, benza ayithukuthelele wayenza lukhuni inhliziyo yakhe. ukuphila ezicindezelayo akuyona bancishwa ukucaciseleka kwengqondo yakhe acuity umbono zokudala. Imisebenzi, uMiguel de Cervantes - ubufakazi bokuthi umlobi kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe akazange alahlekelwe bezzlobiya nothando ngabantu. Phela, ngisho inoveli yakhe yokugcina uphefumula elikhuhluziwe emangalisayo ukuphila. Ibizwa ngokuthi "Journey Persilesa futhi Sihizmundy" futhi waqeda izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe.

umlandvomufi

umbhali Spanish owazalwa ngo-1547. WayeyiZwi ingane wesine emkhayeni kukadokotela abampofu ngomsuka zasebukhosini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyise wahlushwa ubuthulu futhi, ngokungafani uyisemkhulu, kuthatha impela isikhundla ohloniphekile, ngenxa yokuphambana ngokomzimba ayikwazanga walala isimangalo kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi edinga ikomiti yokwahlulela noma zokuphatha. Kusukela uhlobo ezicukuthwaneni abampofu iphutha futhi unina Cervantes. Kodwa naphezu isidingo esingaweleki, umndeni "Don Quixote" kombhali yayingeve inobungane. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa esibalulekile, ngaleso nobumpofu bawo kungenzeka ukuqoqa bomdabu ukuyihlenga ekuthunjweni Algeria.

Its main protagonist incwadi umbhali uye wadala hhayi nje ngenxa yezinkulumo olungenamkhawulo umcabango, kodwa futhi isipiliyoni observation, awunika uzenza ekuseni ubudala. Umndeni njalo wathutha bengonozulane. Futhi ngiseyingane a Miguel kancane wayejwayelene yangempela i izikhulu abampofu Spanish. Ngokushesha uyise waboshelwa vu ngezinsolo zokungakhokhi izikweletu. Umlobi esizayo waqala impilo Vagabond, okwamholela enhlokodolobha. Ngo Madrid wafundiswa Miguel Cervantes Saavedra. Umlando wakhe kodwa akugcini nobunzima wakhula kanzima. Ekupheleni sixties emndenini Cervantes zagcwaliseka black umugqa. Futhi Miguel, nomfowabo omncane kwadingeka ukuba ucabange indlela ukuze baziphilise.

Izikhungo enkantolo

Miguel Cervantes bajoyine Ambassador ngo-1568 kwakhishwa-m. Izikhungo eNkantolo kwaba ngenye yezindlela ezintathu kungenzeka insizwa umndeni yizicukuthwane ngesandla isilinganiso. Nokho, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva ngezizathu ezingaziwa, Cervantes siyishiya iSpain, futhi ngo-1970 zahlangana ibutho Spanish kumi e-Italy. Mhlawumbe isizathu lesi senzo kwaba entshisekweni yokushisekela izwe futhi abafisa iqhaza ibonisa ubudlova Turkish.

Italy

Ngisho imisebenzi ekuqaleni we uMiguel de Cervantes, abonisa ezingeni lelisetulu imfundo erudition. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Ngempela, le-Spanish ukungenela inkonzo yezempi zamnika ithuba ukuvakashela eRoma nakwamanye amadolobha Italy. A ukuhlala e-Italy nje kuphela wamvumela ukuba bafunde ulimi, kodwa futhi ukwandisa ulwazi kwamasiko. Ucwaningo we imisebenzi abalobi enkulu the Renaissance neze kungagcini le minyaka. It ubephelezelwa zonke izindlela zokudala umbhali. "I ithalente e isayensi hhayi eyinkimbinkimbi," - wazichaza migel Servantes. Izincwadi zakhe izinkomba eziningi amagama abalobi lasendulo kanye Abadali yobuciko Yenguquko. Futhi kwaba inkathi Italian ozalwa enhliziyweni yakhe ukomela ukufunda, uthando bezincwadi nemisebenzi yobuciko.

In ekuthunjweni

Ngemva kokuba kabi, ayesephenduke i Cervantes ayivumelekile, wayehlose ukuba babuyele ezweni lenkaba yabo, okuyinto, njengoba sazi, waphenduka kokuhlala isikhathi eside ekuthunjweni Algeria. Neyobuntu imibono, uMiguel de Cervantes, washumayela lonke yakhe umsebenzi, waqala ukuba ukuma phakathi neminyaka ekuthunjweni. ekuthunjweni Algeria wamtshengisa izimfanelo zokuziphatha eziphakeme: isibindi, amandla okumelana naso futhi eyenza izinto ngokuzithandela. Kanye nawo kwakukhona umbhali ukuhlakulela umusa, ukupha futhi ezizwa ebophekile. Ngesikhathi ethunjelwe, Cervantes, hhayi kuphela akazange aphelelwe ukholo ukukhulula, kodwa futhi waliphefumulela abanye. Wadedelwa ngo 1580.

Uhlolo, eyawela umlobi nefilosofi eziphathelene nabantu, okuyinto ayekuthole ebusheni bakhe, bakha umbhali omkhulu Yenguquko. Izinsizi kwasicinisa umoya wakhe futhi abe umthombo ugqozi lokudala imisebenzi emikhulu. Imizwa ukuthi abhekana nakho ekuthunjweni, kubonakala kwezinye izahluko "Don Quixote."

ekhaya

Spain wahlangana angenamusa kwendodana yakhe. Umndeni kwakufanele esidabukisayo. Isidingo emkhawulweni kakhulu, uyise abayizithulu ngokuphelele. Yebo, futhi isosha impi esiyingqopha ezweni ngalutho umuntu. Ukuze ondle umkhaya wakhe izincwadi ka Cervantes wakhetha inkonzo yezempi. Income ngoba inkathi ukuba ngcono, kodwa namanje ikusasa akusho azimhambeli kahle u-noma umbhali noma umndeni wakhe.

Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu wayehlala Seville, lapho inhlanhla owayebonakala amamatheke kuye. Kodwa lapho sifeza imisebenzi kaKhomishana ukuze kuthengwe, okuyinto abantu ngonembeza ezimbi alethe inzuzo, sezizakuphela kabuhlungu ngoba Cervantes. Yena, efana Knight we lusizi ubuso, ayikwazanga ukwenza into ngenxa kanembeza wakhe. Ingxabano kanye izikhulu zesonto cishe bamyisa emigodini ye Yokuqulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki.

Ngo Valladolid

Lo muzi Sekuyiminyaka engu ukuthi ungcwatshwa yesithathu, inkathi ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni somlobi. Imisebenzi, uMiguel de Cervantes Valladolid uqalise, ngeshwa, hhayi liyalondolozwa lilonke. Wasinda inoveli "Galatea" namadrama engaphezu kuka amathathu futhi amahlaya. It akazange ukufinyelela yesimanje umfundi play "Sea impi", okuyinto ezishiwo Umlando ka Cervantes. Ngu isihloko, singaphetha ngokuthi umphumela walo msebenzi okukhulu okwenzeka ngesikhathi Battle of Lepanto.

Isiqongo drama Spanish we-Golden Age kwaba play "Numancia." Lo msebenzi uye obujulile umqondo izwe, ukuze yazuza impumelelo ne-Spanish izilaleli.

inoveli Immortal imiqulu emibili

Ukuze umbuzo "Kulotshweni migel Servantes?" Wonke umuntu uzokuphendula, yebo :. "Don Quixote" Lokhu okungenakufa umsebenzi ukuwa ku ngasekupheleni kwenkathi ka komlobi ukuphila. Ukudala Miguel Cervantes, Nokho, akugcini inoveli zefilosofi mayelana misadventures knight budedengu. Ngaleyo minyaka, lapho Cervantes waqala ukusebenza phezu nokudalwa kwemisebenzi kakhulu izincwadi zezwe, wabhala inombolo izindaba emangalisayo. Ngasekupheleni kwenkathi okungukuthi futhi iqoqo "Eight amahlaya nesishiyagalombili interludes" futhi le nkondlo "ukuzulazula Persilesa".

Mayelana "Don Quixote" utlole izincwadi eziningi futhi izihloko. Ukudala Miguel Cervantes wayenesithakazelo etemibhalo uyaqhubeka abe nesithakazelo wonke. Ososayensi servantologi ukuletha izahlulelo zabo nekuhumusha imisebenzi emikhulu. Ukuba umsebenzi waqala ukubhala incwadi benesifiso bahlekise isitayela ethandwa ngesikhathi romance, Cervantes wadala elotshwe ngobuciko. Futhi zonke kuqinisekisa nangobukhulu umbhali: nokuhlanganiswa umcabango neyobuntu futhi Folk ukuhlakanipha, umqondo ubulungiswa kanye nokuvikelwa ababuthakathaka, ukubhinqa olungenakuqhathaniswa.

Cervantes, kanye nezinhlamvu zakhe, ezulazula befuna ubulungisa nobuhle uyaphila. He is ongafi. Umsebenzi wakhe ubulokhu ihlala isihloko ukutadisha abahlaziyi bemibhalo ngisho nanamuhla, ngemva kweminyaka engamakhulu amane ngemva kokufa kwakhe.