Konstantin Batyushkov: Biography, nobuciko kanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo. imbongi Russian Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich: Biography emfushane

Wonke umuntu owazi Vologda imbongi Konstantin Nikolaevich Batyushkov. Biography of ezicacile yakhe futhi ebuhlungu. Poet, ukuvumbulula zokudala okuyinto uphelelise Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin, kwaba iphayona ukuthuthukiswa Russian ulimi cantabile. Waqale wakuphawula, "kancane enemikhuba anenkani," emangalisayo "amandla futhi imiva." impumelelo Creative Batiushkov neyaziwayo zakudala esikhathini sakhe zonke wesimanje Russian izinkondlo emhlabeni, kodwa ngokuyinhloko Karamzin futhi Zhukovsky.

ebuntwaneni

Usuku zokuphila imbongi sika - 18/05/1787 - 07/07/1855, yena wayevela emkhayeni ngamunye wama lasendulo yizicukuthwane Batyushkovs, okwakukhona kulo ojenene, abaqavile emphakathini, ososayensi.

Yini usitshele ebuntwaneni imbongi biography Batiushkov? Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kuyofika kamuva, kodwa okwamanje kuyafaneleka ukuthi ingane wayehlushwa ukushona kukamama wakhe othandekayo. Aleksandra Grigorevna Batyushkova (nee Berdyaev) washona eminyakeni engu-eyisishiyagalombili, esezele Amathambo. Ukuba bekunguwe iminyaka lesisetjentiswe izindlu umndeni edolobhaneni Danilovsky (Vologda zamanje esifundeni) ujabule? Asinakukwenza lokho. Ubaba Constantine, uNicholas L. Batyushkov indoda abantwana bilious futhi ethukile dengwane. Wayefanele imfundo yekhethelo, futhi wahlushwa yilokho kwenzakala engaphiwanga enkonzweni ngenxa isihlobo ngehlazo, iqhaza kulolo zungu esigodlweni.

Ezemfundo, self

Nokho, ngokuvumelana intando kayise wafunda ezibizayo, kodwa ezikhethekile egibela Petersburg Konstantin Batyushkov. Biography ubungqabavu bobusha bakhe buboniswa ngokuba isenzo willed futhi wemibono. Yena, naphezu imibhikisho kayise, waphonsa shkolyarstvo wempesheni nangokuzimisela waqala bazifundise.

Le nkathi (kusukela eminyakeni 16 kuya 19) kuphawulwa tingucuko lelijaha umuntu Humanities abanekhono. Nomvuzi futhi beacon uConstantine wayesesimweni umalume wakhe onethonya Mihail Nikitich Muravev, yilungu lephalamende kanye imbongi, umphatheli YaseMoscow University. Yena banxenxa nenhlonipho yakhe umshana ngoba izinkondlo lasendulo. Siyabonga kuye Batyushkov, kokuba wafunda Latin, baba fan of ngoHorace Tibullus, elaba isisekelo somsebenzi zakusasa. Waqala ukuba aphishekele izibuyekezo engapheli Russian ulimi cantabile zakudala.

Futhi, sibonga ukusekelwa uMalume Constantine nesishiyagalombili waqala ukukhonza wokuba umabhalane eMnyango Wezemfundo. Ngo-1805, yaqala ukushicilelwa inkondlo yakhe kule magazini "Izindaba kwezincwadi Russian." Wahlangana ne Petersburg izimbongi - Derzhavin, Kapnist eLvov, inyamazane.

I ukulimala kuqala futhi yokutakula

Ngo 1807 uyafa osizayo kanye nomeluleki lokuqala Constantine - umalume. Mhlawumbe, uma besaphila, uyena yedwa ngabe wathonyelwa umshana wakhe ukuze ningachayi ubunzima yabo ethambile sezinzwa futhi zinsizi ezempi uhlelo service. Kodwa ngo-March 1807 uyisisebenzi sokuzithandela emkhankasweni Prussian Constantine Batyushkov. Yena ilimele epini onegazi Heilsberg. Wathunywa ukuze elashwe kuqala Riga, bese kudedelwa ifa lomndeni. Ukuhlala e Riga, yena owayo uthandana indodakazi intokazi abathengisi Emilia Batyushkov. Lokhu uthando waphefumulela imbongi enkondlweni "Izinkumbulo 1807" futhi "Lokubuyisela".

Nempi Sweden. ukuhlukumezeka

Ngemva kokululama, uKonstantin Batyushkov e 1808 futhi athunyelwe njengengxenye ye Jaeger Guards ngesikhathi nempi Sweden. Yena wayengumbulali isikhulu onesibindi. Ukufa, igazi, ukulahlekelwa abangane - konke lokhu njalo elukhuni ukuthwalwa Konstantin. Hhayi coarsened umphefumulo wakhe empini. Ngemva kwempi, isikhulu yafika yema e-estate lo dade ka-Aleksandru uBarbara. Labo waphawula ne alamu ukuthi impi ushiye isigxivizo esindayo psyche ethambile umfowabo. Waba izwele kakhulu. Yena njalo waphawula ngamaphupho nje la. Ezincwadini ukuze Gnedich, umngane wakhe enkonzweni enkonzweni, imbongi ubhala ngembaba ukuthi ukwesaba mayelana iminyaka eyishumi ekugcineni uthole crazy.

Nokho, abangane bazame ukungiphazamisa emizamweni imbongi kusukela sembubhiso ezibuhlungu. Futhi ngokwengxenye aphumelele. Ngo 1809, it bacwilisa ku St Petersburg nokucwala ukuphila etemibhalo Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich. Biography emfushane alimchazi zonke izenzakalo ezenzeka empilweni imbongi. Lesi yisikhathi buboniswa ngokuba amaziyo siqu Karamzin, Zhukovsky, Vyazemsky. Waletha elikhulu-umshana nabo Ekaterina Fedorovna Muraveva (umfelokazi lephalamende, okwathi ngemva kwesikhathi sakhe kwadingeka Batyushkov usizo).

Ngo 1810 Batyushkov kokuyeka inkonzo yezempi. Ngo 1812, ngosizo abangani Gnedich inyamazane efika umgcini umsizi zemibhalo yesandla e-St Petersburg Public Library.

Impi nge kaNapoleon France

Ekuqaleni kwempi yezwe yesibili neFrance wazama ukuya ku ibutho isikhulu umhlala Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich. Lakwentako esihle: imbongi esihambisana Nizhny Novgorod umfelokazi umsizi walo Muravevu EF Mashi 29, 1813 kuphela, ukhonza Rylsky elihamba ibutho wempi. Ukuze enesibindi Battle of Leipzig isikhulu ukhishwa Order of St Anne 2 nd degree. Ehlatshwe umxhwele le mpi Batyushkov wabhala inkondlo "umngane Shadow 'behlonipha abafileyo babo umngane I. A. uPetina yena.

Umsebenzi wakhe kubonisa ukuvela ubuntu imbongi, kusukela romanticism ukufanisa Inkathi Ukukhanyiselwa nobukhulu umoya sazi yobuKristu. izinkondlo zakhe mayelana nempi (le nkondlo "Ngo emanxiweni enqabeni eSweden", "umngane Shadow", "Ukuwela Rhine") iseduze emoyeni leli sosha elula Russian, iveza isimo esingokoqobo. Ozithobayo, ngaphandle lwaluthintwa ngokoqobo Batyushkov ubhala. Biography kanye nomsebenzi imbongi, echazwe esihlokweni, beba ezithakazelisayo. K. Batyushkov uqala ukubhala okuningi.

Nevzaimnaya uthando

Ngo 1814, ngemva emkhankasweni wempi Batyushkov wabuyela Petersburg. Lapha-ke oyodumazeka: imizwa yakhe kungukuthi wenza okufanayo umfundi ekhaya Olenins ubuhle Anna Furman. Kunalokho, uthi 'yebo' kuphela ngesicelo bezingane zabo ezingokomthetho. Kodwa Konstantin obucayi akakwazi ukwamukela uthando ersatz enjalo futhi ngaphoxeka, enqaba lowo mshado.

Yena limele odluliselwa Guards, kodwa ukubambezeleka bureaucratic akupheli. Ngaphandle elinde impendulo, e 1816 Batyushkov lesula. Nokho, eminyakeni 1816-1817 enzelwe imbongi ezinezithelo kuphela ngokuya lokusungula. Ubizwa bahileleke ekuphileni komntwana ononyaka umphakathi tetemibhalo "Arzamas".

Inkathi nowokwambulelwa emisebenzini

Ngo-1817 wakhipha umqulu iqoqo tindzaba, "Ukuhlolwa evesini bese temibhalo yephrozi."

Rhymes bangaphezi obusa, ekufezeni faceted amazwi Batyushkov. Biography lokusungula kwabantu okwaqala ngayo nge luhlolo zochwepheshe izilimi zasendulo. Futhi wakwazi ukuthola ngesiRashiya Poetics Echoes of imilolotelo Latin futhi yamaGreki asendulo!

Batyushkov baba umsunguli we izinkondlo of isiRashiya, okuyinto bayahlonishwa Alexander: "uhlamvu ... liyathuthumela", "ukuvumelana ebukekayo." Batyushkov - imbongi owathola umcebo, kodwa ayikwazanga ngokunenzuzo. ukuphila kwakhe ngokucacile ahlukaniswe namathathu banesifo esibi yabo ekuseni "ngaphambi nangemva" omnyama iviyo bayasangana paranoid, esizibonakalisa okuyize zokushushiswa. Futhi lesi sifo kwaba lezinceku emndenini wakhe ku uhlangothi lukanina. Wabuye wabhekana nokuhlushwa okubuhlungu Inkosazana yakwethu bakhe abane - Alexandra.

Progressive bayasangana Paranoid

Ngo-1817, egxilile ukulangazelela ezingokomoya Constantine Batyushkov. Biography ithi kuye kwaba nobuhlobo nzima noyise (Nikolaem Lvovichem), nokuyinto eyaphela ngo-yokungezwani ephelele. Futhi ngo-1817 umzali eshona. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni ekwelapheni imbongi ngendlela yenkolo ezijulile. Akhe enzelelo zokuziphatha kule nkathi Zhukovsky. Omunye umngane, A. I. Turgenev, athengelwe imbongi iposi zamanxusa e-Italy, lapho Batyushkov uhlala kusukela 1819 kuya 1921.

Namandla ngokwengqondo ukuwohloka imbongi ezenzeka esikhathini 1821. Wabiza kuhlasela boorish (amavesi libelous "B..ov eseRoma") sakhe emelene laye magazini "iNdodana wobaba". Yingaleso sikhathi lapho impilo yakhe waqala ukubonisa izimpawu zesifo okusimeme bayasangana Paranoid.

Winter zeminyaka 1821-1822 wachitha ku Dresden, ngezinye izikhathi ukuphelelwa kuyakuhlanyisa Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich. Biography yomsebenzi wakhe lapha uzoyeka. Swansong Batiushkov iba inkondlo "I iTestamente kukaMelkisedeki."

ukuphila komuntu Lean isiguli

Ukuphila kwangesikhathi esizayo imbongi kungenziwa ngokuthi lapho kubhujiswa lesi ngazinye, ubuhlanya ezithuthukayo. kuqala Ngazama anakekele umkakhe Muraveva. Nokho, ngokushesha yaba kungenzeki: zonke iziqephu okuyize of ukushushiswa kudlanga. Ngonyaka olandelayo, uMbusi u-Alexander I eyabiwe ukwelashwa kwakhe wabagula ngengqondo isikhungo Saxony. Nokho, ezine-ukwelashwa yayingakuthinti. Lapho efika e Moscow, uKonstantin Batyushkov Biography emfushane esikubonile futhi azizwa kangcono. Ngolunye usuku yena wavakashelwa Alexander Pushkin. Ukushaqeka kabuhlungu Konstantin Nikolayevich, umlandeli imilolotelo yakhe namanothi wabhala inkondlo "Unganginikeli unkulunkulu ozohamba ngendlela yokusangana."

The last 22 iminyaka lomuntu egula ngengqondo esasiqhutshelwa emzini ka umnakekeli wakhe - umshana Grevensa GA Lapha Batyushkov bashona ngesikhathi ubhubhane yesifo sezintwala. Imbongi ungcwatshwe ngesikhathi Vologda uMsindisi Priluki Monastery.

isiphetho

Batiushkov lokusungula ezincwadini Russian zisendaweni ebalulekile phakathi imisebenzi Karamzin futhi Zhukovsky futhi Pushkin inkathi. Kamuva, u-Alexander K. Batiushkov shayela uthisha.

Batyushkov bahlakulele uhlobo "evesini ukukhanya". Ngokusho kwakhe, ivumelana nezimo kanye olubushelelezi ungakwazi ukuhlobisa isiRashiya. Phakathi elegies engcono imbongi kufanele ngokuthi "ngqondongqondo wami" nethi "Tavrida".

By the way, Batyushkov uyasala njengoba ama-atikili ambalwa, futhi elalidume kunawo wonke - ". Hamba Academy of Fine Arts" "Kusihlwa Cantemir",

Isifundo esiyinhloko kusukela Konstantin Nikolaevich ezathatha phezu nombhali "Eugene Onegin" baba isidingo lokuqala lokudala "ukuze usinde umphefumulo," indaba umkhiqizo esizayo ngaphambi ukubeka ipeni ephepheni.

Imphilo lephilwe Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich. Biography emfushane, ngeshwa, abakwazi ukuhlanganisa wonke imininingwane osizini lwayo.