Namaqhawe isici. "Elincane" - satirical ahlekisayo

Pushkin wayehlonishwa kakhulu kakhulu zenani umsebenzi Denisa Ivanovicha Fonvizina, owabhala ngaphansi uCatherine II. Wabona Gogol esikhundleni sakhe. I protagonist Fonvizina - ignoramus Mitrofanushka - Alexander Sergeyevich kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise injabulo ephelele.

Mayelana isitayela wobuciko kanye nomphakathi abamahlaya wakhuluma kakhulu waseHerzen, Belinsky. Gogol immortalized umfanekiso komfundisi wakhe, Fonvizin (siqala ngaphandle ecacisa igama), endabeni "Umelusi Ngaphambi kaKhisimusi." Khumbula, lapho wensimbi Vakula ukuvusela iNdlovukazi, waphenduka ingxoxo Owesilisa oseqinile nje ngeminyaka enobuso umnyuziki ezimhlophe wanikela ukukhombisa emsebenzini wakhe olandelayo "kuyinto lula athandwayo." On le ndoda yayingazimisele ijazi ocebile nge pearl izinkinobho. Kwakubukeka njengolimi Fonvizin.

Ngakho, wamisa phezu canons classical abamahlaya (Fonvizin, "Oaf"). Nokho, izici izinhlamvu, zaphumela groundbreaking kwekhulu XVIII. Izinhlamvu play futhi isihloko lesi sihloko.

izithombe ezimbi

Ngokungangabazeki, kubeka emasikweni Russian ahlekisayo kazwelonke emelelwa Denisom Ivanovichem Fonvizinym izici namaqhawe. "Elincane" ngesibindi obala Bakhuza nokucindezela kulendawo amakhosi asendulo. Indlela omubi kakhulu ahlekisayo uNkk Prost. Banakekela serfs yayo ngesandla eqinile, mhlawumbe ngisho nesihluku. Musa akwesabe kuhlawuliswa ngekushaywa. uhlamvu abangenalwazi inzondo. Inkulumo ngezwi ophakanyiswe izigqili zakhe - ibhizinisi njengenjwayelo. Umnikazi ayenomkhuba libhekisela serf yakhe Trishka "Izinkomo", "mug amasela '", "isilima", "okopelayo". Nurse indodana yakhe, Eremeevna ngubani abakhanukelayo kule silima, "Ukwazisa" Mama uthi "Rascal", "indodakazi inja", "isilo". Futhi - cishe kunazo, "egcekeni" abantu! Nalo lonke ingxoxo ke - ngisho mfushane. Prost ukusabisile "isikulufa baze bafe." Nanguya beqiniseka yena, ngoba imithetho - njalo eceleni kulendawo.

Yiqiniso, lokhu Shrew ine esidayisa e umphefumulo: uyabuthanda nendodana yakhe eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala. Nokho, umuzwa ke - izimpumputhe, okuyiwona Nkz Prost ukhokhele ekupheleni the comedy. umbhali Ngempela yokuqala, "Fonvizinskaya" izici iqhawe. "Elincane" - comedy lapho umlingisi ngamunye isebenzisa amagama awaziyo esiyingqayizivele nolwazimagama ethize.

UMnu Prostakov - ethule, sokwehlisa henpecked. Yena ulalela umkakhe konke; abangenaso bebodwa, kulandela umbono walo. Nokho, akuyona nesihluku, nothanda indodana yakhe. Kodwa eqinisweni, konke endlini asithinteki, kuhlanganise imfundo yengane.

Original futhi ezithakazelisayo, kuhambisana silulumagama ngazinye, wadala Fonvizin nobuntu namaqhawe. Ignoramus akuyona ngengozi ukuthi igama Mitrofanushka. Phela, kuba nemisindo ngesiGreki like "kuhle kukamama". By the way, mayelana igama comedy. ERussia Nedoroslev ngokuthi izicukuthwane abasha abangenayo baye ubufakazi imfundo ebhaliwe.

Mitrofanushka eschews isifundo, edelela kubantu, ngendlela enomusa ephathelene nalokho. Eremeevna uthi: "hrychovka Old". Mfundisi Tsifirkinu - "isikaniso igundane." Umqhele ibinzana efanayo KOKUCIJILE OKUBHEKE PHEZULU abasha - ukuthi akafuni ukufunda, futhi efuna ukushada - ngokungangabazeki iyisibusiso zokudala Fonvizin, yena ngempela baba sisemoyeni. IQembu Elincane akuyona ingqondo kude, luhlaza lokho futhi engenalwazi. ubuvila yakhe bazitike bonke babe nokukhanya endlini.

UMfoweth 'Prostakova, uMnu Skotinin, amahlaya okubonisa caricature. Wayengumuntu ngendelelo amakilasi aphansi, kodwa ukufuya izingulube ngaye - abanothando ngempela injongo yokuphila. umbono wakhe wonke kukhawulwe nezindaba pigsty. akasafuni sakhathala ukhuluma ngalezi zilwane. Phezu kwalokho, uyafuna ukushada UZandile.

Positive ahlekisayo namaqhawe

Nokho, okungenani kule ahlekisayo izithombe omuhle. Kuthunyelwe uhlole igama Prostakova yengcebo olusemthethweni PRAVDIN ubeqhakambisa ziwubulungisa, umthetho futhi isizathu. Wakhe uyathukuthela lapho abantu 'zinamandla "phezu serfs, usebenzisa yayo" okubi futhi akunabuntu. " Yena ihlose ukusiza "abantu okufanelekelayo", ukukhuthaza imfundo efanele. Ngenxa yalokho kwamabhuku yayo Prostakova impahla requisitioned nguhulumende.

Positive and Staro, ugxile sengqondo ngobuqotho isevisi ngesikhathi uPetru I. Military inkonzo, bese yabelana bureaucratic hhayi kuphela bamlethela eshisiwe, kodwa lwathonya ngokwethembeka, indoda yakhe ehloniphekile. Ngokulinganayo ibheka akwamukelekile ukujabulisa amandla futhi nokwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu abahluphekile.

Thembeka futhi wafundiswa umshana wakhe UZandile. Uneziqu ingqondo okhaliphile, Ngakho-ke, it is bazokwakha ukuphila kwabo ukuze bafanelwe ukwethenjwa "isithunzi somuntu." Thembeka, nesizotha futhi evulekile nomkhwenyana UZandile - isiphathimandla abasha Milo. isibindi sakhe uboniswa ukulwa. Le nsizwa inendaba yokukhuliswa chivalrous ngempela. Impi ayibuyi abe Martinet. Uthando lwakhe UZandile, uzicabangela ingcebo enkulu kakhulu.

Phakathi kwamagama ezincane, kukhona omuhle - a Tsyfirkin AMASOSHA ehloniphekile futhi iqonde bangaphambili; nemibi - a Kuteikin zobuqili abahahayo, esikoleni sobufundisi - dropout, u-Adamu Adamowicz Vralman - a ndini Lackey Empeleni, bedumisa Mitrofan simfanele isihe Prostakova.

okutholakele

Fonvizin kwaba ngokungangabazeki abahlakaniphile nabafundisi umuntu oqaphelayo. I Comedy-inikezwe ohlabayo isici invective heroes. "Elincane 'lisenza sicabange ngesidingo ayeke nokuxhashazwa serfs. Ngakho amahlaya Fonvizin - hhayi abstract, hhayi ngenjongo yokuhle yokuzijabulisa Izicukuthwane Catherine nezintandokazi, futhi ostrosatiricheskoy, zenhlalakahle kanye ohlangothini. Umsebenzi emikhiqizweni enjalo ngokuba ahlekisayo kwaba njengalaba kakhulu, befuna izinzwa. Ukwesula Denis Ivanovich waya ngenxa yokugula kakhulu - ukukhubazeka. Ngisho Umbusikazi uCatherine II, owesifazane lesichubekako, abathandanga ukubhinqa ohlabayo Fonvizina futhi musa njalo ukuhlangabezana izicelo kwaba Classic.