Umgogodla

Umgogodla ungomunye weminyango yesimiso sezinzwa eziphakathi (CNS), esihlanganisa umzimba nomvelo wangaphandle futhi ilawula imisebenzi yayo. Kungenxa yesistimu yomphakathi oyinhloko ukuthi izitho ezihlukahlukene zesintu nezindlela zenza ngokusemandleni, ngokubhekana nezinguquko ezenzeka endaweni yangaphandle.

Ukuxhumeka kobuchopho ngezitho nezinyathelo kuyenziwa ngosizo lomthambo womgogodla. Yenza imisebenzi yomqhubi nomsebenzi we-reflex.

Indlela ihlelwa ngayo intambo yomgogodla futhi ikhona kuphi

Isakhiwo salo mnyango wesimiso sezinzwa esiyinkimbinkimbi silula. Umgogodla ukhiwa izinto ezimpunga nezimhlophe. Udaba olumhlophe luyisimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sezinyopho (i-myelin ne-bezmielinovyh), izicubu zegazi kanye nemithambo yegazi, engazungezwe ngeso lengqondo izicubu ezixhunyiwe. Indaba ebomvu yenza izidumbu zamangqamuzana ezinzwa ngezinqubo ezingenawo umgodi we-myelin. I-canal iphakathi nendawo yomgogodla, ogcwala uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal. Ngezitho zangaphakathi nezitho zangaphakathi, ixhunywe yizinzwa eziningi, ezibhekene ne-periodicity efanele ye-exit.

Ububanzi bomthambo womgogodla ufinyelela kumamitha amancane nengxenye kumuntu omdala, ubude buyi-45 cm. Ubuningi bawo obujwayelekile buyi-35 g.

Insipho yomgogodla yomuntu isendaweni yangaphakathi yomgogodla womgogodla. Ngaphandle lifana nethambo ende enamagatsha amaningi. Ukuphela kwalo ngaphandle komngcele okhaliphile kuxhunywe ne- medulla oblongata esifundeni se- vertebra yomlomo wesibeletho, ophansi utholakala ezingeni le-I-II vertebrae lumbar. Idlula emgqeni wokugcina (intambo yomgogodla). Izingxenye ezingenhla zomucu wokuphela zinamaqabunga wezicubu zezinzwa, ekugcineni kukhona ukwakheka kokuxhuma. Ukungena ekugcineni kwe-canal emngceleni we-sacral, i-filament ye-spinal ifakwe ekugcineni.

Hlukanisa amagobolondo amathathu azungeze intambo yomgogodla. I-membrane yangaphakathi ithambile (i-vascular), i-medium-arachnoid neyaphandle - iqinile. Kusukela embumbeni kuya emthonjeni wethambo kukhona imigqa ebambe intambo yomgogodla endaweni ehlala njalo. Isikhala phakathi kwezingqimba zangaphakathi naphakathi kugcwalisa uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal.

Ngakho, umgogodla we-vertebral canal, lapho kutholakala khona intambo yomgogodla, igcwele izicubu ezinamafutha, uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal, izibilini zobuchopho, nemithwalo yegazi.

Izimpande zesikhathi eside zihlukanisa intambo yomgogodla engxenyeni engakwesokudla nengakwesokunxele.

Izimpande zamanqamu zidlula emgodini ongena emgogodini ngesikhathi esifushane. Zivela kuhhafu ngayinye, zakha imigqa emibili yesikhathi eside. Bashiya umgogodla we-vertebral ngokusebenzisa ukuvuleka kwe-foraminar. Umthambo womgogodla ubonakala ngokuhlukaniswa kwesigaba. Izigaba zibhekisela engxenyeni yobuchopho lapho izinzwa ezishiya umgogodla womgogodla zibashiya. Ingxenye ngayinye ingabonakali lokhu noma leyo ndawo yomzimba womuntu.

Kunezingxenye ezinhlanu zenduku yomgogodla. Ingxenyeni yekhanda ikhiwa izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili, ingxenye ye-thoracic iqukethe izingxenye eziyishumi nambili, ama-lumbar - amahlanu, ama-sacral - nawo amahlanu, ama-coccygeal-1-3 izingxenye. Izingxenye zenxenye yentamo zingenakulinganiswa izingalo nentamo, ingxenye ye-thoracic - isifuba nesisu, imilenze kanye ne-sacral - imilenze, izitho zomzimba kanye ne-perineum. Izimpande zamanzi ezinweba ngezansi kwezinga lokuphela komgogodla ongenalutho oluthatha isigamu esingaphansi komzimba, kuhlanganise nezitho zomzimba.

Ukuphazamiseka komzwelo noma ukusebenza komzimba wendawo ethile yomzimba kungakhomba kuleyo ngxenye yomgogodla lapho umonakalo ongase uvele khona.

Ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezivela emthonjeni womgogodla kuya ezingxenyeni zomzimba ziza nezimpikiswano zesisindo. Zilawula imisebenzi yazo zonke izitho. Amafayili enzwa ashukumisayo adlulisa ulwazi kusuka ezicukweni nasezigumbini kuya emthonjeni womgogodla no-CNS.