Indlala Okudingeka: enkulu soshintsho

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-20-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kucaca ukuthi nep (inqubomgomo entsha zezimboni) ngeke bakwazi ukunikeza inguquko ezisheshayo nezisebenzayo zokwenza umnotho zezimboni kusukela kwezolimo, futhi unikeze zithuthukisa ukuzivikela kazwelonke empini kungenzeka.

Ngakho-ke i-Union, kwamaBolshevik Party eholwa Stalin wasungula umbuso omusha kwezomnotho. Phakathi khona kwale nqubomgomo wabizwa ngokuthi "intuthuko enkulu".

izimiso imodi

Inkinga enkulu ngo-1929 yayisekelwe kwezimboni jikelele zokukhiqiza, kanye lo collectivization wezolimo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke indawo kwavala amapulazi yangasese kanye nemifelandawonye elincane, ngo ukubuya bona Kwamiswa amapulazi collective - amapulazi collective. Yonke imithombo basuke bagxila, ngokuvumelana amaBolshevik, ezandleni isigaba sabasebenzi, kodwa eqinisweni - uhulumeni.

Kwenziwe ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu mass emaqenjini athile yezenhlalakahle (ezimweni eziningi ngokumelene onxiwankulu ongumlimi - "kulaks"). abalimi enecala sikhathi yayisetshenziswa njengenkundla amaholo aphansi e inqwaba emisebenzini yokwakha emikhulu.

"Break Omkhulu" kuye kwasho ukuthi kwase isidingo kombuso zezimboni embulungeni yonke, futhi le njongo isimo edingekayo semali imithombo - kokubili izinto zokusetshenziswa futhi abasebenzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thina beye bahileleka laseDonetsk, Krivoy rog nezinye amachibi amaningi imanganisi, emalahle, imali bauxite.

isimo sangempela

Ngokuphambene nazo zonke okulindelwe, isimo sangempela wayengeyona njengoba ezinhle kulelo zwe. Lapho Stalin umkhankaso "omkhulu soshintsho", yena wayengazi ukuthi abalimi akulula ukuyeka impahla yabo esimweni. Okunodlame okusanhlamvu procurements ayehambisana ukunganeliseki kwandile, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ukubotshwa nokubhubhisa amapulazi. Lokhu ekugcineni yabangela izinxushunxushu okwandile. Abalimi engasafuni ukunikeza izinkomo nezimpahla zabo, njalo izilwane lapho behlaba ngamabomu futhi ekutshaleni encishisiwe.

Le Nkulumo Echaza Isimo ukuvukela waphendula ngokuqinile kakhulu, ukuthumela wamabutho akhethekile emizaneni. Njengoba sisekelwa ibutho labantu ngenkani babeyivalela ezindaweni amapulazi collective wathatha kuzo zonke impahla. IMisa ivaliwe Ezakhiweni zesonto ngokwabo zazisetshenziselwa izidingo yasendlini, futhi abopha abapristi ngoba "intuthuko enkulu" futhi kwakusho ukuqala kwe-ukushushiswa ngokwenkolo mass.

imiphumela

Imizamo ukucindezela nezibhelu kuphela kwaholela okubi kakhulu nakakhulu isimo kuleli zwe. 346 ukusebenza babhaliswa ngokomthetho ngo-January 1930, ngo-February - 736, futhi emavikini ekucala ezimbili Mashi - 595. Futhi lokhu kuphela ensimini ka Russia wanamuhla! E-Ukraine, ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane yokuvukela nemizana zambozeka. Kwakuyintokozo yodwa baba baningi kakhulu, ngakho uhulumeni engabathandi ukuthambisa "omkhulu soshintsho", ngenkathi ebeka basola ukuthi kwenzekani abaholi bendawo. Nokho, lelo tulo kumisiwe okwesikhashana kuphela ijubane kombuso, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana "iphuzu turning" ngo-1929 futhi uqaliswe kabusha. Manje kwase kuyindodana kulula ukuba kusebenze, njengoba abagqugquzeli owawumaphakathi futhi abahlanganyeli abaningi asebenzayo babethunyelwe eSiberia. Bekanye nabo abangu becindezela futhi cishe zonke "kulaks" nemindeni yabo.