Umehluko zibalo - kawonkewonke kanye Ububanzi

Ukutadisha imihlola bemvelo, ukuxazulula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene kwezomnotho, i-biology, i-physics, i-engineering, ngaso sonke isikhathi kungenzeka ukuba ngokushesha ukusungula ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi abanye amagugu ezichaza inqubo ethile kwemvelo. Ngokuvamile, umuntu angakwazi ukuhlonza ukuhlobana okukhona phakathi kwalaba namanani (imisebenzi) kanye isilinganiso sabo ushintsho mayelana nezinye (ezimele) onhlobonhlobo. Lokhu kuphakamisa zibalo lapho imisebenzi engaziwa bangaphansi isibonakaliso esuselwe - ezothando umehluko. Ekutadisheni kwabo sachitha isikhathi esiningi, eziningi ososayensi adumile: Newton, Bernoulli, Laplace nabanye. Ukusetshenziswa umehluko zibalo kukhona kabanzi: amamodeli we Dynamics kwezomnotho, ukubonisa hhayi kuphela kumazinga engaphansi ngesikhathi, kodwa futhi ubuhlobo bawo sikhathi, izinkinga micro- futhi Macroeconomics; ukuzisebenzisa ukuchaza Lokusakaza amagagasi kagesi nokushisa, kanye izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ezenzeka abaphilayo -non-eziphilayo nemvelo.

Ngosizo amagagasi kagesi ukuze adlulisele ulwazi buqamama (ithelevishini, ucingo, umsakazo, njll). Macroeconomics Modern bekholelwa umehluko futhi umehluko zibalo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Macroeconomics is esetshenzisiwe okuthiwa isilawuli eziyisisekelo inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela neoclassical sokukhula komnotho. zibalo Ukwahlukaniswa nazo asetshenziswa emkhakheni wezinto eziphilayo, yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali, ezishintshayo kanye nezinye ekhethekile. Isibalo ikhombisa igrafu umsebenzi, okuyinto esetshenziswa lapho sicabangela okwandisa kwenani labantu. Lokhu into singakwenza ngokulitadisha lokulawula.

Ngakho, imfundiso yokuziphendukela manje ngaphezulu. Ordinary umehluko kwesibalo ngokuthi isilinganiso nonidentical phakathi oyifunayo umsebenzi Y nomunye ezimele agumenti X, abaningi abazimele X variable kanye nemikhiqizo ye umsebenzi esingaziwa ngendlela ethile. Kunezinhlobo eziningi umehluko zibalo, ngaphezulu kamuva kulesi sihloko.

zibalo Ukwahlukaniswa yilezi:

1) kwesibalo Ezivamile oda mina-th, kuhlanganiswa segcekeni. Lezi, esikhundleni salokho, zihlukaniswe: umehluko zibalo eziguquguqukayo separable; Control eziguquguqukayo ahlukaniswe; isilawuli iyunifomu; isilawuli komugqa; Nse umehluko zibalo.

2) ukulawula lesezingeni lelisetulu.

3) Ukuze Linear Control II-th, okuyizinto eyohlobo ukulawula komugqa ukuze II-th ne okuza njalo futhi inhomogeneous ukulawula komugqa ne okuza njalo.

Control futhi ixazululwe ngezindlela eziningana, ezivame kakhulu zazo - inkinga Cauchy, izindlela Euler futhi Bernoulli, nabanye.

Ngo izinkinga eziningi ezomnotho, izibalo, ubuchwepheshe kuyadingeka ukubala inani elithile imisebenzi ehambisana nomunye ethile control. Sabe basisize kwalesi simiso umehluko zibalo: iqoqo zibalo, ngamunye ehlanganisa i variable ezimele, umsebenzi waleli ezimele nemikhiqizo yabo.

Uma uhlelo lwento e imisebenzi engaziwa, ibizwa ngokuthi uhlelo komugqa umehluko zibalo. uhlelo evamile umehluko zibalo kungenziwa indawo isilawuli olulodwa, oda okuyinto ilingana nenani zibalo.

Ukuguqulwa uhlelo lokulawula komunye kwesibalo kwezinye izimo ugcizelele ngokusebenzisa indlela bawabulale.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu okungenhla, zikhona izinhlelo lwento ne okuza njalo, okungase kalula ixazululwe ngokuthi indlela Euler.