Ukwelashwa ngokwemvelo kwezandla zabasebenzi bezokwelapha: izindlela, i-algorithm namalungiselelo

Ukwelashwa ngokwemvelo kwezandla zabasebenzi bezokwelapha kuyinkambiso yokubophezela ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isenzo nesiguli. Ukusetshenziselwa izindlela ezahlukene kanye namalungiselelo asetshenziswayo, akudingi isikhathi eside ukusetshenziswa kwemali futhi avunywe yiKomiti Yezokwelapha I-Russian Federation.

Kungani ukukhipha ukushisa

Ukwelashwa kwesandla somzimba kuyinkqubo yokucwiliswa kwemithi evikela ukutheleleka esibhedlela, ukuvikela hhayi kuphela abasebenzi ngokwabo, kodwa neziguli. Inhloso yokwelashwa ukukhipha imishanguzo esesiswini somuntu emva kokuxhumana nento enesifo noma ingxenye ye-flora yemvelo yesikhumba.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zenkambiso: Yenza ukuhlanzeka nokuhlinzwa. Okokuqala kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuxhumana nesiguli, ikakhulukazi uma kufanele ahlinzwe. Ukwelashwa ngokwezandla kwezandla kubasebenzi kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuxhumana nomathela, kanye negazi. Ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba amagilavu angasebenzi asegqoke. Ungakwazi ukugeza izandla zakho nge-sipuni ekhethekile ngomphumela we-antiseptic noma usule isikhumba ngento equkethe utshwala.

Nini ukwenza ukwelashwa okuhlanzekile

Ukwelashwa ngokwezandla kwezandla zabasebenzi bezokwelapha kuyimpoqo ezimweni ezilandelayo:

1. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kweziguli ezitholwa ngenqubo yokuvuvukala ngokukhululwa kwepus.
2. Emva kokuxhumana nezinsimbi nanoma iyiphi enye into esekelwe eduze kwesiguli.
3. Ngemuva kokuxhumana ngamunye ngezindawo ezingcolile.
4. Ngemuva kokuxhumana namagundane omuntu womuntu, ama-excreta nama- bandages akhe .
5. Ngemuva kokuxhumana nesikhumba sesiguli.
6. Ngaphambi kokwenza izinqubo zokunakekela abalimele.
7. Ngaphambi kokuxhumana ngamunye nesiguli.

Ukwelashwa ngokucophelela kuhilela ukugeza ngesiphu namanzi okugeleza ukususa ukungcola nokunciphisa inani lamagciwane ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelapha isandla ukuhlanzeka nakho ukuphathwa kwesikhumba nama-antiseptic agents okusiza ukunciphisa inani lamabhaktheriya ezingeni elincane eliphephile.

Yini esetshenziselwa ukucubungula

Ukugeza izandla zabasebenzi bezokwelapha, insipho enhle efomini eliketshezi, elinikezwa yi-dispensary. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo ngenxa yengozi yokwanda ye-dermatitis. Qinisekisa ukusebenzisa ithawula ukuvala ithopini, engahlanjulwanga nge-elbow. Ukuze ukomise izandla ezihlanzekile, umuntu kufanele asebenzise amathawula wephepha ahlanzekile (noma umuntu ngendwangu).

Ukwelashwa kwesandla somzimba, i-algorithm yayo ehlanganisa izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula, ingenziwa nge-antiseptic yesikhumba. Kule nkinga, ukugeza kwangaphambili ngensipho akudingekile. I-agent ixubene esikhumbeni sezandla ngenani elikhonjiswe kuphakheji ye-antiseptic. Ukugxila ikakhulukazi kubhalwa iminwe, isikhumba phakathi kwabo nezindawo ezizungezile izipikili. Okudingekayo ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo ukugcina izandla ezinomsoco ngesikhathi esithile (ngokuvamile kuboniswa ithuluzi). Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwezandla kuhlanzekile, akudingeki ukuba usule ithawula.

Izinsiza zezinqubo zokuhlanzeka

Ukuze inqubo yokuhlanzeka ifakwe ngokuvumelana nayo yonke imithetho kanye nezimfuneko, okulandelayo kuyadingeka:

• Ukugijima kwamanzi.
• Insipho yamanzi, lapho izinga le-pH lingathathi hlangothi.
• Isihlamba nge mixer, esetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuthinta izintende (indlela ye-elbow).
• I-Antiseptic ngesisekelo sokuphuza utshwala.
• Amathawula alahlekile kokubili ayinyumba futhi ayelona oyinyumba.
• Umfutho wokushisa onomphumela wokulwa namagciwane.
• Amagilavu enjolovu ngokusetshenziselwa okulodwa (oyinyumba noma engekho oyinyumba).
• Indlela yokunakekela isikhumba kwezandla.
• Amagundane wejubane lomkhaya.
• I-Urn izesekeli ezisetshenzisiwe.

Izidingo ezidingekayo

Ekamelweni lapho kulungiswa khona ukuphathwa kwamagciwane okulwa namagciwane, isitsha sokugeza kufanele sitholakale endaweni efinyelelekayo. Ihlonywe nge-crane, lapho amanzi ashisayo nabandayo abengena khona, ene-mixer ekhethekile. Umklamo we-crane kufanele uklanyelwe ngendlela yokuthi ukuchithwa kwamanzi akuncane. Izinga lokuhlanza ngesandla lihlanzekile ekuhlinzekeni ukunciphisa okukhulu kwenani lezincane ezincane esikhumbeni, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukufaka abahlinzeki abaningana ngezindlela eziseduze nendawo yokugeza. Enye eyodwa - isobho elimanzi, ngakolunye - isisetshenziswa sokulwa namagciwane, omunye okunye kufanele agcwaliswe ngomnakekeli wesandla.

Amandla ayinconywa ukuba omiswe ngama-dryer ohlobo lwama-ugesi, njengoba azohlala emanzi, futhi idivayisi idala ukuqhuma kwomoya lapho izinhlayiya ezingcolile zingatholakala khona. Wonke amathangi anezimali kumele alondolozwe. Ezibhedlela, kuhlale kudingekile ukuba ube nemikhiqizo eminingi yokwelashwa ngezandla ezinamaphilisi, ezinye zazo ezihloselwe abasebenzi abanesikhumba esibucayi.

I-algorithm ye

Kubo bonke abasebenzi bezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, izandla kumele zenziwe ngendlela yokuhlanzeka. I-algorithm yenqubo yokuhlanza insipho kanje:

1. Ukwandisa inani elidingekayo lesipho elimanzi kusuka ku-dispenser.
2. Gubha entendeni yesandla sakho.
3. Ukuthinta isandla esisodwa ngemuva komunye.
4. Sula izindawo zangaphakathi zeminwe yakho.
5. Ukusula ngemuva kweminwe yesandla, ifakwe enqabeni, insika yesibini (okufana nokwenza kwesinye isandla).
6. Sula yonke iminwe yeminwe yakho kumbuthano.
7. Sula isandla ngasinye ngesandla sakho.

Ukususwa kwe-disinfection

Isandla sokuhlinzeka nge-disinfection siyadingeka ukuba ususe ngokuphelele izitshalo ezandleni: ukumelana, kanye nokuguqula. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze isifo singenakudluliselwa ngezandla. Njengokwelashwa kwesandla sohlanzekile, ukucwiliswa okuhlinzekwa ngokugqoka kwenziwa ngokuhlanza nokuhlunga. Kuyinto evamile ukusebenzisa izixazululo zotshwala ngenxa yokwenza okusheshayo nokuqondile, ukuqonda okuhle komkhiqizo ngesikhumba, isikhathi eside sokusebenza, umphumela wokususwa okuphelele kwama-microorganisms.

Inqubo yokucwiliswa kwegazi okuhlinzekwayo ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezifanayo, okubandakanya ukwelashwa ngesandla ngezinga lokuhlanzeka. I-algorithm yezinambuzane ezihlinzayo:

1. Geza izandla ngamanzi nesobho kanye namanzi okungenani imizuzu emibili.
2. Izandla ezomile nge-napkin elahlwayo noma ithawula.
3. Phatha ithuluzi le-antiseptic ngesandla, isibindi, nesandla, ngaphandle kokusula izandla emva kwalokho.
4. Linda kuze kube yilapho umkhiqizo ubomile ngokuphelele, gqoka amagilavu oyinyumba.

Isikhathi sokwehliswa kwesilungiselelo esithile se-antiseptic, umthamo wayo kanye neminye imingcele ebalulekile ingafundwa kwilebuli yomkhiqizo noma ngemiyalelo yayo. Ukuphathwa kokwelashwa kokuqala zonke izinguquko kufanele kufake ukuhlanzwa kwezindawo eziseduze ne-nail ngayinye ngebhayisiki ekhethekile ephansi futhi elahlwayo (noma eyakhelwe yi-autoclaving).

Ukwelashwa okunomsoco

Isixazululo se-antiseptic - enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokulwa nezinambuzane ezincane, okufaka ukwelashwa kwezandla zokuhlanzeka. I-algorithm kanje:

1. Ukugeza izandla emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa nge-soap elimanzi, ukoma ngethawula elilahlayo.
2. Isicelo se-disinfectant ngokuxubha ukuhamba, okuvimbela izandla.
3. Ngeminwe ehlangene, hlalisa izingxenyana zangasese zezandla.
4. With iminwe ewela, ngokubanzi kakhulu, gubha izintende.
5. Gubha umkhiqizo ngezithupha ngezindebe ezicindezelekile ngokuhlukile.
6. Ukubhoboza izibikezelo okungenani imizuzu engu-2, okungenani imizuzu engu-3, ukwelashwa kwezipikili kanye nendawo encane.

Isigaba ngasinye kumele siphindwe izikhathi ezingu-4-5. Kuyo yonke inqubo, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izandla zakho azime. Uma kunesidingo, khona-ke enye ingxenye yesipilisi esibulala amagciwane isetshenziswa.

Kunconywe kusho ukuhlanzeka

Ukwelapha izandla nge-hygien kuyinto inqubo ephoqelekile yokucwiliswa kwemithi yabo bonke abasebenzi bezokwelapha abaxhumana neziguli noma izikhungo ezibhedlela ezingcolile. Ukwelashwa, isisombululo se-chlorhexidine bigluconate (isiphuzo se-alcohol) ku-ethyl alcohol (70%) sisetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zidakamizwa ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa:

• "I-Octenisept".
• I-ethyl utshwala nezithasiselo ezenza lula isikhumba.
• "I-Octeniderm".
• "Chemisept."
• "Higenix."
• "Isopropanol" - 60%.
• "Oceniman".
• "Decodept +".
• "Veltosept".

Ngaphambi kokucubungula ukuhlanzeka, kufanele ususe zonke izesekeli ze-wrist namacici. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuhlanza izandla zakho ngebhayisikili oyinyumba, ukukhokha ngokukhethekile endaweni ye-nail. Inqubo yenziwa kanye kuphela ekuqaleni kosuku lokusebenza.

Izidingo zemikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka

Uma amathangi we-antiseptic ne-seseti engatholakali, bese uphinde ugcwalise kuphela ngemuva kokuba ususwe ngokuphelele, ukhuhlulwe ngamanzi asebenzayo futhi omisiwe ngokuphelele. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise abashayeli abasebenza kuma-photocells noma labo abafakwe yi-elbow method.

Zonke izinambuzane ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhumba kufanele zitholakale ngokutholakala okusheshayo kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo yokuphulukisa. Uma leyunithi ihloselwe ukunakekelwa okujulile kweziguli, izitsha ezinezinambuzane kufanele zibekwa ezindaweni ezilula kakhulu kubasebenzi bezokwelapha, ngokwesibonelo, embhedeni wesiguli noma eduze kwesango lesigceme sesibhedlela. Kunconywa ukuhlinzeka isisebenzi ngasinye ngomthamo ngamunye wevolumu encane enezidakamizwa zokulwa negciwane.