Emfantwini ukwelashwa ulwanga nokulungisa. Yini okumele uyenze uma ingane ulwanga emfantwini? lip emfantwini nolwanga

lip emfantwini nolwanga kukhona azalwa naso umlomo nobuso. Kwakheka idatha ukuphambuka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngisho kusaqalwa wokukhula kwengane esiswini esibelethweni. Deformations zenzeka uma anenombolo enganele izicubu ku umlomo nezindebe. ngaleyo ndlela Iyatholakala fibre efanayo exhunywe kahle.

Kubukeka sengathi uhlobo

lip emfantwini emfantwini ngokuthi nhlangothi zombili udebe eliphezulu ngenxa kwezinso bokuphila. Isici kuthatha ifomu lamashumi emincane noma imbobo isikhumba. Emfantwini avame hhayi kuphela udebe eliphezulu, kodwa futhi kudlulela endaweni acinene futhi kungathinta ithambo nezinsini engenhla kanye nemihlathi.

Uyini ulwanga emfantwini? Lokhu ukuphambuka kungokwenhliziyo izimbobo ifomu noma ematsheni. It is baphawula kokubili ulwanga soft futhi kanzima. Lokhu kungapheleli wengxenye ngomlomo ubuso akuyona into engavamile. Kukhona eyodwa uma lesi sifo ngoba zonke izingane ayizinkulungwane. Ngokuvamile, ukuphambuka kwenzeka ngokuhlanganyela Ngodebe emfantwini.

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, abacwaningi emithathu zofuzo aziwayo okuyinto ukukhuthaza ukwakheka ulwanga emfantwini. Ucwaningo kule ndawo kuyaqhubeka. Ngemva isakhi sofuzo isici ukuthuthukiswa ukuphambuka kunqunywa 5 nje% amacala wachaza isifo.

Izinketho ulwanga emfantwini

Endabeni emfantwini nolwanga esibhakabhakeni cleavage igcwale - kokubili izicubu onzima ezithambile, futhi ayiphelele - ngesimo izimbobo. Pathology ngokuvamile kwenzeka ihambisana ulimi yokwahlukana (ebhekisela emuva neseleko omnene palatal izicubu). Wokuqhekeka kungenxa compounds ezingezona ezemvelo ezilingene medial amahlumela septum acinene. ulwanga emfantwini e ingane ubhekwa omunye kwezinso ezivamile azalwa nako.

ulwanga emfantwini: izimbangela imfundo

Ukwakheka ulwanga emfantwini kubangelwa yofuzo. sibonakala nangokuthi ukuthuthukiswa imiphumela sokugembula emikhubeni umbungu oluyingozi unina ngokucacile: ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nezidakamizwa, ukubhema. Lokhu ukuntula ekudleni, futhi i-folic acid ukukhuluphala owesifazane okhulelwe futhi ingozi kumiswa engaphelele we ongenhla umbungu.

ulwanga emfantwini zingase futhi zibe ku ingane esibelethweni ngenxa okungekuhle esizayo kwemvelo umama amaphakathi, khona izifo wakhe oyingozi noma ubuthi, ukulimala ngokwengqondo noma lokukhanda.

Izenzo ulwanga emfantwini

ulwanga emfantwini ezinganeni kudala izinkinga kusukela kakhulu ekuzalweni kwabo. Phakathi zabasebenzi kungase aspirate amniotic fluid e umgudu womntwana. Inqubo edonsa emoyeni olusana nge ulwanga emfantwini kunzima, inqubo kungenzeki ka oncelayo, ukuze ingane Zingase zisale ngemuva ekuthuthukisweni kanye isisindo ontanga yabo. Kuze mzuzu uhlinzwe ukuze kwelashwe Oqondisa zokugula ukusuthisa ingane Kwenziwa usebenzisa nezinkezo eziklanyelwe okuyinto ezibekwe phezu amabhodlela.

ulwanga emfantwini kuholela umsebenzi kahle ka engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula, isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene, kuya kwesithiyo ekuthuthukiseni yokukhuluma nokuzwa. Zonke lezi ngeziphambeko bungase buholele ukwehla ukuzethemba kwengane.

symptomatology

Ngo izingane kwezinso ezifana ulwanga emfantwini, ngenxa kokunikezwa kwe-nqubo engokwemvelo yokufunda ukuphila kumiswa nemisindo ayiguqule. rhinolalia kuphakama. Kuyinto inqubo ukuhlanekezela e izwi pronunciation imisindo ngenxa ukuvalwa engafanele esibhakabhakeni kanye pharynx. Kulokhu, umoya nawe ukuphefumula ngokukhululekile ngokusebenzisa ikhala, owahlaba iziphuzo baqashwe nokudla. Ngemva LasePalatine uketshezi emfantwini ungakwazi ukungena tube Eustachian, okuholela ukuthuthukiswa abezindaba otitis futhi sinusitis. Futhi, lapho amazinyo zikhubazekile ulwanga emfantwini futhi occlusion, okuholela okhathazekile ukuhlafuna inqubo.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ingane has a ulwanga emfantwini

ulwanga emfantwini ezinganeni ezingelapheka ngempumelelo uma kwenzeka ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi abazali ufune usizo lwabezokwelapha kusuka onguchwepheshe. ngezindlela eziningi impumelelo ukwelashwa akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni odokotela, kodwa ukuphikelela, ukuphikelela nesineke izihlobo isiguli. Ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela omuhle kumele ngokuqinile ukuhambisana nayo yonke izincomo udokotela. Phezu ukuthola lesi sifo ingane kudingeka uyibonise udokotela ohlinzayo, kudokotela ngakwazi ukwenza indlela yokwelashwa.

ukuhlola

Thola isici ulwanga emfantwini kungenziwa kuhlelwe ngosizo ultrasound ukuhlolwa i-fetus isivele emhlabeni ngesonto 15 okukhulelwa. Kodwa ivolumu kanye ukuma lesion kungabonwa kuphela ngemva ukuzalwa komntwana. Uma luhlolo ultrasound wembula ulwanga emfantwini umntwana ongakazalwa, is ngempela zidinga izindlela ucwaningo olwengeziwe. Lokhu ukuphambuka igcwele kwezinso Yekhanda, ukuzwa ukungakhuli, eziya ziba zimbi ukuphefumula futhi ukunuka. Sitholakele "ulwanga emfantwini" kusethelwe ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane. Izinga kanye nohlobo lwesici zinqunywa ngokuhlola ingane emphinjeni.

Izimiso yokwelapha olwangeni emfantwini

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa emfantwini ukuhlinzwa ulwanga wenziwa ngokukhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo aphethwe ukuhlinza eziningana yezimonyo. Kukhethwa ikakhulu uranoplasty - indlela yokuhlinzwa lapho side ulwanga elithambile, imisipha yakhe axhunyiwe endaweni efanele, futhi isilinganiso ayisesemikhulu umnyango emphinjeni.

Inqubo osancela osanda kuzalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa cishe engenakwenzeka, kusukela kulokhu kukhona ubuhlungu eqinile, ingozi kumiswa izibazi okwe siyehla isilonda sisheshe siphole. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuqala ukufundisa ingane ukondla ngesipuni ekhethekile.

amacebo zokwelapha

Kuye ngalokho degree of cleavage at ulwanga emfantwini, udokotela ohlinzayo ukhetha isu inqubo zokwelapha.

Iziguli ifomu efanele dentition e le maxilla, uraniscoplasty Kunconywa ngochwepheshe eneminyaka engu-iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu. Kulokhu, ulwanga emfantwini lingaphelele.

Uma ukwephula ubuqotho ugema alveolar we maxilla futhi olugcwele kusengaphambili, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kutuswa ukuba aphathe wamazinyo. Lezi ngeziphambeko zibangelwa ngokusebenzisa ulwanga emfantwini. Uranoplasty kuleli cala, kucatshangwa hhayi ngaphambili iminyaka 4-6.

Ezimweni ezingavamile okwelashwa, lapho ulwanga has emfantwini bemave lamabili, ephelezelwa izicubu ukukhubazeka babe ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala kubalulekile ukwenza ulwanga plastic ethambile futhi kanzima, pharynx ukuze ewumngcingo kwesigaba phakathi. Ukwelapha isigaba sesibili wenziwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Siqukethe e sokuvalwa ulwanga emfantwini (ngaphambili umnyango wakhe) kanye yokhalo alveolar. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwenziwe ithambo plastic.

indlela uranoplasty

is ukuhlinzwa lwenziwa kanjani? ulwanga emfantwini eqondiswa ngokubenza baphinde isakhiwo zemvelo yokwakheka umnyango ulwanga nomphimbo. Classical okufana uranoplasty - Limberg operation indlela. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje kuyindlela eyinhloko ukuqeda azalwa naso isici esibhakabhakeni. Uma ulwanga is kuhlangene kwelinye icala nge lip emfantwini ke ngaphezu kwalokho labetibambile chiloplasty. Lo msebenzi, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho olungisiwe lip engenhla.

uranoplasty Oku ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe kufanele kuhlelwe ngekucophelela lokukhulu eceleni esimweni ngasinye. Uma lokhu sekwenziwe ukukhethwa ngazinye impahla plastic ukuqeda wokuqhekeka izicubu palatal. Izinqubo zanamuhla odokotela abahlinzayo uranoplasty futhi onekhono kakhulu bayakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa zemvelo, isakhiwo egcwele ongenhla nomphimbo cishe 95% eziguli.

Radical indlela uranoplasty nge ulwanga emfantwini

Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo "ulwanga emfantwini" kudinga ukulungiswa olukhulu ekwenzeni ukudla kunambitheke kamnandi kanzima futhi ezithambile. Lokhu ukuzixazulula isethi eziyinkimbinkimbi imisebenzi. Lokhu kubuyiselwa embili zemvelo esibhakabhakeni izindwangu nosayizi, nokuqedwa inamathele ngokungafanele imisipha nebudlelwano bawo ngendlela ejwayelekile. Futhi kule iqoqo imisebenzi ngesikhathi uranoplasty uhlanganisa ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwenzwa ezinikeza imisipha, kodwa uzinzile ukuma esibophezelayo, isakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi izitho othola ukuhlinzwa.

Le ndlela olukhulu yokwelashwa Kunconywa iziguli abaneminyaka engu-3 kuya 5 endabeni okungezona ngokusebenzisa emifantwini esibhakabhakeni, ngineminyaka engu-6 - ngokusebenzisa. Ukufeza lo msebenzi kungase kubangele ukubambezeleka ukuthuthukiswa emhlathini, uma ungaqondi ngaphambili. amasu uyazonga Uranoplasty ingasetshenziswa for ekwelapheni ulwanga emfantwini eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-2.

preoperatively

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka esandulele uranoplasty, Kunconywa ukugqoka izingane 'elintantayo' obturator, okuyinto enomthelela inqubo evamile emishinini yokuphefumula, ukudla, ukwakheka kwenkulumo evamile. Lokhu sokwenziwa ekhethekile angasuswa izinsuku 12-14 ngaphambi kokuba uhlinzwe.

Isikhathi emva kokuhlinzwa

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngemva ulwanga eqondiswa, isiguli sidinga embhedeni ukuphumula izinsuku 2-3, ukuphuza kuphela ukudla shabby nokuphuza nangokuphuza uketshezi oluningi. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha ngokucophelela ukunakekela ngomlomo - ngaphambi nangemuva ukudla futhi kufanele ibe ngenkasa isixazululo ezibuthakathaka potassium permanganate. Izikhathi eziningana emini udinga ukuze kufuthwe Balloons. emva 2 amaviki ukuhlinzwa, kufanele ukuqhuba njalo iqoqo ekhethekile ukuzilolonga kanye massage ka ulwanga esithambile ne iminwe.

Ukuze uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa ukutheleleka emva kwezinsuku 5-7 uranoplasty isicelo eziyinkimbinkimbi antibiotic. Ukuze uyeke ubuhlungu, imithi isetshenziswa umphumela analgesic.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, yesibazi ngobuso uhlala. Extract isiguli esibhedlela wenziwa 3-4 amasonto emva uranoplasty.

Izici ukuhlinzwa

ulwanga emfantwini kubantu kubangela imisebenzi ngokuphindaphindiwe emva uranoplasty. kokungenela ezinjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambili kuka unyaka owodwa. Ingabe lezi zindlela zihlose ekuqedeni ukukhubazeka nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Mayelana 12 izinyanga kwanele ukubuyisela igazi ligeleze izicubu ezithambile kanye nethambo.

Endabeni ka endaweni ngokwanele ezinkulu olwangeni emfantwini, lapho akunakwenzeka ukuvimba crevice kwezicubu wendawo esetshenziswa nezimagqabhagqabha musculo-mucosal yolimi noma esihlathini. Nokho, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo aligcini nje isinyathelo ukusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo imihlangano nge owelapha Inkulumo. Ngempela kufanele uthole ukwelashwa endaweni wamazinyo, okuyinto uqaphe ukuthuthukiswa imihlathi, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuhlinzeka inani nemengamo kwamazinyo.

Usizo kokwelashwa kanye ENT

I nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma kuyosiza ekufakeni inkulumo efanele iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "ulwanga emfantwini". Lokhu Uchwepheshe obuza neziguli Usufike eseneminyaka emibili. It ulawula ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene yokuphefumula zangaphandle.

Ukuze siqhube ukuqapha kwezingane nge ulwanga emfantwini kufanele Otolaryngologist. Lapho lesi sifo ingaqala izifo ka engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula, okuyinto avela izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-10 izikhathi ezingaphezu e banezingane eziphile kahle. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yombiko we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo ne umnsalo ngenxa ukushayisana isakhiwo amazulu pharynx. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga kudingeka isikhathi ukuze sifeze ukwelashwa kanye nokuvimbela namathansela, pharyngitis, rhinitis, otitis.

lip emfantwini nolwanga: lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana kwamaphutha esinqumweni sabo

ukudla kunzima

Ephambi kwezinduna palatal emfantwini, futhi ukudla uketshezi kungenziwa bumuncwa ekhaleni emuva emlonyeni wakhe. Ukuze zokuhamba ukudla futhi wenze iziphuzo endaweni efanele enqubeni yokondla ingane wasebenzisa pacifiers eziklanyelwe futhi amabhodlela.

Ngezinye izikhathi emfantwini nolwanga izingane kufanele ufake i esibhakabhakeni yokufakelwa. Isetshenziselwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze lula ukudla futhi ezanele ingane ukugcwaliswa.

Indlebe izifo kanye ubuthulu isikhala

Izingane nge ulwanga emfantwini bathambekele vuka ekuqongeleleni uketshezi maphakathi nendlebe. Ngakho-ke, bavame ukuqala izifo ezivamile kuzwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuzwa umsindo iphele ngokuphelele. Ukuvimbela yezinkinga ezifana eardrums kuthiwa elibekwe lenzelwa uketshezi amanzi ngamapayipi. ukuzwa izinga luhlolo kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka.

Izinkinga inkulumo

Ephambi kwezinduna emfantwini nolwanga izwi umsindo ezimbi. Lokhu inkinga isixazululekile ngu ukuhlinzwa noma esebenzisa nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma.

Izinkinga ngamazinyo

Ngo lip emfantwini nolwanga ngokuvamile kwakheka caries ngamazinyo ugobile yabo kwenzeka noma ukufuduka. ngeziphambeko okunjalo uqondiswa usebenzisa ukuphazamiseka wamazinyo noma wamazinyo.