Ukuphathwa ngempumelelo otitis abezindaba e abadala ngezilapha magciwane

Izindlebe - kungcono omunye ubuthakathaka kwezitho zomzimba. Okusalungiswa, ukutheleleka, amanzi kusukela eshaweni - konke okuyizinto kungabangela nezilonda, okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, kungenjalo ngemiphumela yokungenzi Ingaba yinto engathí sina. Futhi omunye wabo uyisithulu. Ukuvuvukala endlebeni ngokuthi abezindaba otitis. Kodwa onjani zokugula? Futhi lokho indlebe-antibiotic ngeke ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwemiphumela ukuqeda lesi sifo?

Otitis abezindaba: Siyini ngempela lesi sifo?

Otitis - kuyinto amafomu oyingozi noma ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala okungase kwakheke ngokuhamba okukodwa noma ngaphezulu ezindaweni indlebe: elingaphandle, maphakathi noma kwangaphakathi. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa abezindaba otitis e abadala ngezilapha magciwane ebekiwe saziso. Ngaphandle kwalezi izidakamizwa ngokushesha ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nalesi izimpawu futhi elibangela yisishiso, kuyoba nzima kakhulu.

Kahle waphulukisa indlebe zokugula ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, futhi, kwezinye izimo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ngesikhathi esisodwa izinhlobo eziningana kubo: imithi kungenzeka kuphethwe ujove esicutshini, njengoba endlebeni lehla ngokuqondile noma ethathwe ifomu tablet ngomlomo. Kodwa yini ebangela ukuba otitis abezindaba? Yiziphi izinhlobo izifo akhona?

Izinhlobo abezindaba otitis. izizathu

Otitis - isifo ezingathinta yimiphi izingxenye ezintathu endlebeni, yingakho, ngokuya ngomthombo ukuvuvukala zokugula ihlukaniswe yaba ezintathu izinhlobo:

• otitis indlebe zangaphandle;
• abezindaba otitis;
• ukuvuvukala endlebeni engaphakathi, noma labyrinthitis.

Ubangela uhlobo oluthile zokugula, inombolo omkhulu, kodwa lawa main:

• izifo acinene eziholela ukuvuvukala kanye ukuvuvukala maphakathi nendlebe;
• izifo ukuthi buthaka amasosha omzimba, kuhlanganise isimungumungwane kanye Umkhuhlane;
• eba indlebe amanzi abandayo ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa amanzi noma ukugeza echibini;
• ukulimala futhi ukulimala ulwelwesi tympanic;
• yofuzo.

Kuye onjani lwegciwane kwabangela ukugula, abezindaba otitis zingahlukaniswa zibe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• viral;
• webhaktheriya;
• fungal.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa otitis abezindaba e abadala ngezilapha magciwane - kungcono ngempumelelo, kodwa yiziphi izidakamizwa Site esigulini ngasinye, udokotela kufanele unqume, kuncike yinkimbinkimbi isifo futhi indawo yawo. Kodwa ezinye izimpawu zingase zibonise ukuvuvukala pinna?

izimpawu

Uhlobo ngalunye otitis izimpawu zabo, kodwa jikelele kubhekwe njengento:

• throbbing ubuhlungu indlebe;
• ukungakhululeki ngemuva kwendlebe;
• umkhuhlane;
• Ukugodola;
• umsindo kanye nokuhlukumezeka endlebeni;
• ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ifomu ngalinye inezimpawu lalo. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, otitis zangaphandle. Izimpawu kanye Treatment Abadala kuphakamisa imibuzo eminingi. Ngazi kanjani ukuthi lolu hlobo sifo? Kanjani ukuqeda ubuhlungu? Ingabe ngidinga ukuthatha imithi elwa namagciwane, noma ungenza amakhambi abantu?

Otitis ongaphandle - kuyinto ukuvuvukala esikhumbeni endlebeni, okuthakazelisayo futhi yangaphandle canal sokuzwa. Ngokuvamile, kubangela igciwane fungal noma virus. Zimbili izinhlobo ongaphandle otitis: ehlasela umzimba futhi kulinganiselwe. Ngokuvamile iziguli lesi sifo kubonakala ngesimo amathumba - i-acute inqubo ubovu sebaceous indlala, okuyinto kwabangelwa nezilwanyana ezincane pyogenic.

Bona izimpawu ongaphandle otitis kungaba ngezizathu ezifana:

• ukulunywa;
• ubuhlungu lapho wathinta kusayithi ukuvuvukala;
• ukuvuvukala, ububomvu kwesikhumba;
• ukwandisa izinga lokushisa komzimba.

Otitis sokuzwa yangaphandle canal - ingenye amafomu onomoya omnene yesifo, kodwa ngisho Kulokhu, kudingeka indlebe antibiotic. Ngaphandle kwalezi izidakamizwa angagcina ukuxakeka.

abezindaba Otitis - yisishiso maphakathi nendlebe. Kuyinto lolu hlobo sifo sivame kakhulu abadala kanye nezingane. Yini edingekayo, uma kwatholakala ukuthi nginesifo abezindaba otitis, ukwelapha? Kubantu abadala, antibiotic kungabangela eziningi umbhikisho, kodwa leli qembu izidakamizwa iphathwa kwasekuqaleni. Yiqiniso, udokotela ngeke acabangele etiology lesi sifo. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ubunjalo balesi sifo kungaba amagciwane. Phakathi amabhaktheriya avame ke streptococci futhi haemophilus influenzae imbangela ukuvuvukala maphakathi nendlebe. Kodwa phakathi amagciwane kushiya ukuthuthukiswa izifo endlebeni kungaba njengoba umkhuhlane futhi rhinovirus noma zokuphefumula igciwane syncytial. Ukuze sithole khona ukuvuvukala kungenzeka izimpawu ezifana:

• throbbing ubuhlungu;
• ngokudubula ubuhlungu indlebe;
• ukungakhululeki;
• ngenxa yobuthakathaka;
• thuthuva ubuthongo;
• yokuntuleka esesuthi;
• kokuzwa ukungakhuli.

Njengoba ukuvuvukala maphakathi nendlebe bungase bubangelwe yokuhlaselwa umkhuhlane umkhuhlane noma, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho izivikeli mzimba zibe buthaka futhi kwandisa umthamo kwegciwane ekhaleni nomphimbo. I ingaphakathi acinene ixhunywe maphakathi nendlebe, futhi aqoqana uketshezi namagciwane, okuyinto kuvuse ukuvuvukala. Futhi nakhu nje kudingekile ukubona onguchwepheshe, imithi yendabuko ukusiza umuntu cishe akunakwenzeka. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa abezindaba otitis e abadala imithi ebulala izinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane, okuyokwenza ukubulala wonke amagciwane, asuse ukuvuvukala bese ubuyela kuzwa, kungase kube isikhathi eside, kodwa akufanele yokwelapha dengwane. Lesi sifo kungavuka ngezindlela ezahlukene, uma isikhathi engathathi sinyathelo, kungaholela amafomu ezinkulu nakakhulu isifo:

• abezindaba acute otitis;
• otitis ezingamahlalakhona.

Acute abezindaba otitis - yisishiso elihlobene ne kwasendaweni uketshezi maphakathi nendlebe. Kuleli fomu, isiguli ngokuvamile luyanda futhi izinga lokushisa kugcinwa ngaphakathi degrees 39. Ngeke ukuceka kwamahora ambalwa - futhi liyophuma futhi. Iziguli ngokuvamile bathi ukuzwa endaweni ethile ngaphakathi izwi lakho siqu. Kodwa ukubukeka ubomvu phakathi indlebe ingaphakathi kusikisela ukuthi sibi otitis abezindaba uye wathuthela esigabeni esilandelayo. Suppurative abezindaba otitis e abadala (ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane kuleli cala kuyadingeka, kanye nesidingo ukuze uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka) - lo mkhuba akumnandi futhi akakwazi ukwenza self-medicate.

Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi lo mbhangqwana wokuqala izinsuku ukwelashwa hhayi eyenziwa ngalesi sikhathi uvame ukudabuka le eardrum, futhi ubomvu uyaphuma. Isiguli uthola inkululeko, izinga lokushisa emzimbeni lehliselwa kanye ubuhlungu zivame ukufiphala. Ngaphandle ubomvu, ungabona igazi osenyameni serous, kodwa ingcono nakakhulu - ke kusho ukuthi indlebe is bahlanza.

Uhlobo elilandelayo zokugula - otitis ezingamahlalakhona. Ukwelashwa (kuhlanganise antibiotic) kuyadingeka. Ukugula sebakhiwe, uma uqala ukwelashwa amafomu acute ngesikhathi esingafanele, noma ungadluli ngokugcwele kule mfundo. Ifomu ezingamahlalakhona lesi sifo kubonakala ngendlela efanayo njengoba lesi siqhingi: kukhona ukwanda lokushisa, ukuwohloka kwesimiso jikelele, ukulunywa, ukungakhululeki endlebeni, ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa nenye imidiya ezingamahlalakhona otitis kuyinto ngezinhlobo eziningi .:

• tubotimpanalny;
• epimezotimpanit;
• isifo elisophahleni.

Ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinhlobo ngaphezulu otitis abezindaba, kukhona eyodwa - Emaceleni otitis. Lokhu zokugula kuthinta zombili izindlebe. Uma ungaqali ekwelapheni abezindaba otitis e abadala ngemithi elwa namagciwane, leli fomu kungaholela perforation we eardrum. Uma ubomvu zathuthelekela isikhathi eside, it kwandisa umfutho isigaba maphakathi nendlebe, okuholela ulwelwesi iba izacile, futhi kukhona ingozi ukudabuka. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela belulekwa ukuba afeze ukuhlinzwa, ukwenza wokubhoboza ku eardrum, kunokuba ulinde kuze kube yilapho konke kuzokwenzeka ngokwalo.

Ukuvuvukala endlebeni - lena enye indlela sifo, odokotela ngokuthi labyrinthitis. Lesi sifo lingandile kangako ngaphandle indlebe yangaphandle futhi phakathi. Ukwelashwa (imithi elwa namagciwane zibalulekile) ngempela esindayo futhi isikhathi eside, futhi lesi sifo kubhekwa ayingozi kakhulu, zingayisongela ngisho nokuphila isiguli. izinqubo Suppurative ezithinta nezicubu ithambo, okuholela emiphumeleni engathí sina.

Yini kungaba ngenxa yezinkinga abezindaba otitis?

Ngesikhathi izinsolo kancane ukwelashwa abezindaba otitis (e abadala kwamaphilisi Kulokhu - a Wand magic, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo akudingekile njalo) kumele uqale ngokushesha. Uma isikhathi elahlekile, ifomu acute jikisa okungamahlalakhona, bese Maze okwagcina kungaholela ukwehluleka, ngisho nokufa. Kodwa akugcini lapho, ukuhluleka ukwenza umsebenzi kungaholela kwezinye izifundazwe - yezinkinga vnutrivisochnym:

• ephula ubuqotho eardrum;
• ukuvuvukala ithambo amaseli - mastoiditis;
• ukukhubazeka we emsipheni ebusweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube, kanye nezinkinga intracranial, kuhlanganise:

• ukuvuvukala e ulwelwesi lwesisu, kwenze ubuchopho - meningitis;
• ukuvuvukala kobuchopho - encephalitis;
• ukunqwabelana uketshezi cortex cerebral - iphimbo.

Kodwa ngisho zonke lezi yezinkinga ngezinye izikhathi ngeke okwesabisa abantu abafana yokwelapha ngemithi elwa namagciwane, futhi iziguli eziningi ukubuza odokotela mbuzo: ngabe kubalulekile ukuthatha uhlu enkulu kangaka izidakamizwa? Yini imithi otitis ukunikeza imiphumela engcono, futhi okungase umane bakhishwe ohlwini ezinconywe udokotela?

Ingabe ngidinga ukuthatha imithi abezindaba otitis?

Imithi elwa namagciwane ibalulekile kakhulu cishe zonke ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Noma kunjalo, odokotela abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuze kube perforation okuzenzakalelayo indlebe ulwelwesi kanye Fried uketshezi, asikho isidingo sokuphikisa noma le mithi. Ayinzima esiteji acute lwakha isifo ithatha cishe 5 izinsuku. ukwelashwa Elwa Namagciwane sisetshenziswa kuphela uma ukwelashwa ehlelekile akazange alethe impumuzo oyifunayo: ubuhlungu iqhubeka, kuzwa baba izimpawu zibe zimbi nakakhulu lubonakale lokudakwa jikelele.

Ngemva izimpawu zokuqala ubomvu okukhipha ngokushesha ukuthatha kokuhlahlela microflora futhi ekunqumeni ukuthi kuyo ejenti ebucayi elwa namagciwane. Ngemva kwalokho, thatha izidakamizwa efanele futhi baqala ekwelapheni otitis abezindaba abadala. Imithi ebulala izinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane - lesikahle, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ukuthatha exudate ahlolwe.

Ngemva kokuphothulwa yokuyelapha engcono yenza ngokuphephile wenze zokuvimbela lokubuya kwesifo (ngaphezulu ngalolo ngezansi).

Yini imithi elwa namagciwane kangcono esetshenziswa ekwelashweni abezindaba otitis?

Kunemithi eminingi ukuthi wenze umsebenzi oncomekayo nanoma uhlobo ukuvuvukala, futhi zisiza ekwelapheni abezindaba otitis. Omunye ethandwa kakhulu kubhekwa "Amoxicillin". Lesi sidakamizwa ine izakhiwo kakhulu elwa namagciwane kanye isinqandakuvunda. Kodwa ukuthatha ke belulekwa kuphela kulezo ziguli abangenayo ukusabela iguliswa le -semi zokwenziwa penicillins. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa is contraindicated kubantu nge kahle isibindi umsebenzi, wakhulelwa futhi abesifazane lactating.

Aminoglycoside netilmicin - yithuluzi imijovo zendawo, kodwa kuphela ivunyelwe ukuthi isebenzise uhlelo emasontweni amabili okuqala, engasekho. Siyabonga kuye, ungachitha ekwelapheni abezindaba otitis e abadala ngempumelelo futhi ngokushesha. Kanjani, imishanguzo kufanele kukhethwe isiguli ngayinye, kodwa kukhona uhlu izidakamizwa azosiza wonke umuntu ukubhekana yisihlungu endlebeni yakhe:

• "Chloramphenicol" (isixazululo utshwala) - Kunconywa ukuvuza 2 amathonsi endlebeni, uma isiguli wembula ifomu ubovu otitis;
• "Amoxicillin" - ezithathwe ngomlomo 3-3.5 amagremu ngosuku (ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ihlukaniswe eziningana);
• "Augmentin" - at 375 mg kathathu ngosuku;
• "Cefuroxime" - isetshenziswa ngendlela imijovo esicutshini;
• "Ceftriaxone" - kanye intramuscularly usuku;
• "Ampicillin" - intramuscularly.

Imithetho kwamaphilisi

-antibiotic ngamunye has yokusetshenziswa, okuyinto nakanjani kudingeka ufunde ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa. Isiguli ngasinye ziphathwe otitis kushintshwe ngamunye mayelana ukuma nenkambo isifo. Umthamo kuyakhethwa kuncike ejenti isifo causative, nobukhali isifo, ubudala nesineke nomzimba.

Iyalayisha umthamo singasetshenziswa kuphela ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala. Uma ngalesi sikhathi wokukhululeka ongafikanga, udinga ukushintsha uhlobo izidakamizwa abaphathi. Inkambo yokwelashwa kunqunywa idatha emitholampilo, ukushintsha amaqhinga kuyinto yokwelapha kungenzeka kuphela uma kwenzeka elafika ukuthethelelwa.

Inkambo eyinhloko kwelashwa kwezinsuku 7-10. Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi miphumela engemihle ingase ibe khona kusuka nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi, futhi badinga ukutshela udokotela ukuba khona. Kubalulekile ukuqapha umsebenzi izinso esibindini. Uma njalo ukuhlaziya laboratory wembula izinguquko eziphawulekayo, impatho amacebo uzodinga ukushintsha ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi elwa namagciwane ukwelapha indlebe ayatholakala njengoba isixazululo umjovo noma amaphilisi, ngakho kukhona iconsi, okuyinto zisiza ukubhekana ngokushesha ne izimpawu zesifo.

Amaconsi otitis abezindaba e abadala

Ngenxa okunhlobonhlobo indlebe amathonsi , ungakwazi ngokushesha ukubabulala ukuvuvukala kanjalo aphathe abezindaba otitis ngempumelelo. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa e abadala bajwayele ayafana, kodwa namanje ukukhethwa izidakamizwa Kumele bente Umsebenti udokotela, ngoba zonke izinto eziphilayo lihlukile futhi umuthi ofanayo kubantu ezimbili ohlotsheni oluthile isifo kungabangela ukusabela ezahlukene. Susa yisishiso e amathonsi indlebe kungaba ezifana:

• hormone - "Otipaks" noma "otinum";
• elwa namagciwane - "Tsipromed" noma "Chloramphenicol";
• kuhlanganiswe - "Anauran" noma "Sofradeks".

Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi uma kwakukhona ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, noma ukuqubuka ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu amathonsi, bona Kuyaphuthuma ukukhansela. Cishe, bamane bengakwamukeli, kodwa, njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho kuye kwabonisa, lehla "Sofradeks" ngokuvamile Kunconywa ukusebenzisa for ekwelapheni abantu abadala nezingane, njengoba beye benza cishe akukho contraindications emibi, futhi benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu yisihlungu.

ukwelashwa ajwayelekile otitis

ukuphathwa otitis kufanele kuhlanganiswe. Ukwelashwa kufanele okuhloswe ngazo, ukususa zonke izimpawu ezinsukwini zakuqala, bese ususe wonke ketshezi ngaphandle indlebe futhi unciphise ukuvuvukala. Odokotela abaningi usebenzise isu ekhethekile, okubandakanya amaphuzu ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo:

• Nciphisa e ubuhlungu. Lokunciphisa izinhlungu, belulekwa ngosuku lokuqala ukuqala paracetamol 1 g kane ngosuku. Njengoba kahle iconsi izinzwa "Otipaks" - 4 amathonsi izikhathi ezintathu. Okudambisa ubuhlungu ungakwazi cindezela ngokusebenzisa Tsitovich - uhlanganise 3% boric acid kanye glycerol, ukwenza Tampon cwilisa ikhambi futhi ifakwe indlebe, ukubamba cindezela okungenani amahora angu-3.
• Susa ukuvuvukala futhi ubomvu ukuthuthukisa outflow ka maphakathi nendlebe. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo belulekwa ukusebenzisa ekhaleni lehla - "Nazivin", "Tizin" noma "Naphthyzinum" 2 amathonsi izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.
• Susa edema mucosal tube Eustachian. Kulokhu, belulekwa ukusebenzisa ama-antihistamine, ezifana "Diphenhydramine", "Suprastin" noma "Tavegil". Le mithi belulekwa ukuba isicelo uma kwenzeka ukuthi otitis abezindaba kubangelwa komzimba.
• Susa yisishiso indlebe. Ukwelashwa elwa namagciwane omdala kulokhu kuhlanganisa nsuku saziso. Kukhethwe ohlwini izidakamizwa ukuthi seyenziwe ngenhla.

Uma ukuvuvukala endlebeni Sikhathazekile ngokuvamile kakhulu, kulesi simo, ngaphandle hhayi izinyathelo zokuvimbela ongakwenza.

Ukuvimbela otitis

Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi abezindaba njalo otitis, kumelwe okokuqala ukwelapha amakhala yisisu kanye nezinye izifo elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula. Ngo kubanda, ukugqoka isigqoko, ukuze uvikele izindlebe zakho emoyeni kanye frost. Ngokucophelela afeze inhlanzeko izindlebe, khona-ke akudingeki zisebenzisa i-antibiotic ukuze ezindlebeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uzivikele ifomu ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala kule ipheshana zokuphefumula kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, okungase kube isici ayeke ukunisa e ukuthuthukiswa isifo, kufanele ithawula imikhuba emibi - ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala nokubhema. Udinga ukuze kuqashwe impilo yabo, bese ekwelapheni abezindaba otitis kungase kungadingeki.

kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela izifo kubantu abanegciwane amasosha omzimba esincishisiwe. Bona imikhuhlane ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho enengcuphe enkulu otitis abezindaba.