Uhlelo Ezemfundo: History of Development

Yini ukufundisa nokuthi ukufundisa? Lo mbuzo wasala kuwo wonke umlando wesikole. Futhi othisha nabezombusazwe, bayazi kahle, indima eyadlalwa wokuqukethwe kwezemfundo imfundo asemasha futhi zokuthuthukiswa isimo sisonke. Ngakho-ke, emlandweni aziwayo, isibonelo, uhlelo Spartan wezemfundo, knightly lwemfundvo e-Europe, Madoda lwemfundvo eNgilandi.

Emlandweni imfundo eRussia, futhi, zikhona izikhathi ezithakazelisayo lapho semfundo esikoleni kwashintsha ngokuphelele. Omunye kube lenguquko kwaba kabusha esikoleni e-republic abasha Soviet.

Ngemva kwezenzakalo-October ngonyaka 1917 oshayelayo zokuphila esikoleni babe Lunacharskii futhi Krupskaya. Izinto abazenza ngo-1918 imibhalo yokuqala mayelana esikoleni athathwa. Uma ufunda le "Basic Izimiso Unified Labor School" ngokombono namuhla lesikole Russian ke kuphephile ukubabiza owayephila zanamuhla.

Ngemva kokuhlola hlelo, US nemfundo European, Krupskaya futhi Lunacharskii kufakwe ngesisekelo esikoleni abasha baseSoviet imibono lesichubekako kakhulu.

Ukuhlonipha umfundi ngamunye kanye nokwenqaba isijeziso ngokomzimba, izindlela zokufunda asebenzayo, indlela siqu umfundi ngamunye, ukuthuthukiswa izingane onamakhono futhi banakekele laggards - lokhu kuyinto uhlu akuphelele yezinguquko esikoleni wamemezela.

New School sazilahla ukusetshenziswa isijeziso ngokomzimba labafundi bashaywe. Imfuneko othisha ukubeka phambili eyodwa - bakwazi ugqozi izingane ekilasini, ukuze kwakungekho isizathu esinyathelweni sokujeziswa. Into engcono ukugqugquzela abafundi - uhulumeni umfundi.

Uhlelo Education of United Labor School kugxile izici ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuphila umfundi: bemvelo, abasebenzi, umphakathi. Ngaleyo minyaka, othisha bacelwa ukuba ukusebenzisa lokho esikufundile manje bizelani kimi imfundo edidiyelwe.

Isihloko esikhulu lemfundo aphansi - uhlobo encyclopedia zezingane. Ngokwesibonelo, usukhetha Animate into noma ubunjalo ezingaphili (isilwane indlela, into yemvelo) kubhekwe ngokombono ukusetshenziswa womuntu, kubika i-data esekhadini Izakhiwo namakhemikhali into, umsuka walo, umlando kanye nentuthuko, njll Lokho bajwayelane izinto engokoqobo kwadingeka ukuba icubungulisise ngombono zonke izinhlobo zesayensi.

Umbono oweqisayo wokuba nomthwalo uhlelo izinguquko imfundo lezo zikhathi kungabonakala ifilimu "Captains Amabili" by V.Kaverinu. Khumbula ukuthi abafundi lotifundze inkomo. On the ngolimi izifundo ezifundiwe ukubhala igama elithi "inkomo", geography wafunda, lapho lezi izinkomo efanayo ukuphila.

Ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezemfundo in Soviet Russia wacabangela ukwethulwa izindlela ezintsha zokufundisa. Indlela amaphrojekthi beze esikoleni. Abafundi bafunde ukuhlela izifundo zabo, ukwenza umsebenzi ucwaningo, ukuvikelwa amaphrojekthi ahloselwe ukuphila ukuguqulwa kwemvelo. Uhlelo core imfundo we Unified Labor School kwakuwumsebenzi onzima elikhiqizayo. Umsebenzi esebenzayo, ulwazi yokudala emhlabeni - yilokho nabashisekeli bezinguquko bafuna.

Kodwa imibono yabo akuzange kube njalo-ke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akubona bonke othisha ababonisa bakwazi ukubona ukuthuthukiswa esizayo imibono ashisekela izinguquko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okusondelayo kombuso wobushiqela akazange Kumele sibhukule abantu abacabangayo.

Ngo-September 1931 iqembu lathatha isinqumo elahla yephrojekthi indlela (empeleni a wobunxiwankulu), kanye nomsebenzi elikhiqizayo, yokufunda asebenzayo. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi esikoleni ifikile zokuzala lwemfundvo esekelwe isimiso 'umbuzo thishela - Ukusabela umfundi "

Kuphela iminyaka 90 esikoleni Russian futhi wezwa zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili phezu amaphrojekthi indlela issleovatelskoy nemisebenzi lemfundo neyobuntu.