Tomb of Tamerlane: Uphi, umlando, izithombe

Sogdiana - izifunda Asia Ephakathi, maphakathi okuyinto BC selikhule Marakanda bofeleba netinhlavu eyaziwa kamuva ngokuthi Samarkand lasendulo. Timur ku XIV wawenza inhloko-dolobha yakhe, kodwa ufuna ukuba inhloko-dolobha zomhlaba.

Yayiyini Samarkand

Lo muzi manje nayo yayibiyelwe ngodonga ezinezivikelo eziqinile ne tower ne umsele. It eyakhelwe izakhiwo omkhulukazi. Lezi zakhiwo futhi walidumisa izwe nombusi waso. Ngakho-ke, lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda amathayili omkhulu futhi ezihlotshisiwe, openwork ngamahele. Izimbongi, abaculi, odokotela, izazi zezinkanyezi, izazi-mlando ikhonze njengomPristi egcekeni umhlobiso Timur. It kamnandi kuyize yakhe. Akazange anqikaze noma ukuze ubameme ukuze kokubuyela kwakhe noma lamazwe yanqoba enhloko-dolobha yabo. Timur alawulwe ngokucophelela njengoba ekuthuthukiseni izikebhe. Yayala ukuba bonke amakhosi lidlule ngokukhululekile endaweni ka-isimo, kodwa emuva babengenamduduzi indlela yokuphuma. Architects, abadwebi yababumbi, bamatshe, nezingcweti zokubhala zamenyelwa ukuba ukwakhiwa, kodwa ngokuvamile eyiswa ekuthunjweni ukuyokhonza kwamanye amazwe. City ehlaselwa ubuhle bayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo siyakhazimula esiluhlaza ayegcwele injabulo blue eliqhakazile gilding obuningi ( "kundal" amasu) omkhulu, isibhakabhaka okusezingeni eliphezulu izakhiwo. Ngo besenze nesitayela esifanako yakhiwe le eGuri Emir, okuyinto iyisonto ethuneni Timur (Tamerlane).

ubuntu Timur

Tamerlane (noma Timur) wayeyindoda nesibindi futhi enesibindi. Wayekwazi okuzibamba hhayi baveze imizwa yabo. Timur soberly futhi ngokucophelela wazama ngakho konke futhi njalo wathatha izinqumo uhlolisisa. Lezi izimfanelo uhlamvu ukhangwa abantu kuye. Wayevamile futhi ukuba abe ukunambitheka omkhulu kwezobuciko, okuyinto kungabonwa ekwakheni izakhiwo ngesikhathi sakhe.

ukubukeka sombusi

Wayeyindoda ubude. ekukhuleni kwayo zazilingana 1,72 m. Izinwele, eziyinqaba njengoba kungase kubonakale, ube nsundu ngombala ziyadliwa gray. Tomb of Tamerlane wambonisa ukubukeka. Wayengumuntu izinyonga emlenzeni wakhe kwesokudla. Kodwa ngokuvamile, ngokososayensi, yakhe yobudala begazi wonke iminyaka engamashumi ayisihlanu, nakuba ngesikhathi sokufa kwakhe ejele 68. I ethuneni Tamerlane, noma kunalokho skeleton wakhe, okuyinto kulo, kusho abacwaningi, kwaba umuntu ngokwenyama enamandla kakhulu, okuyinto alithintwa engiyesaba kunazo zonke ukukhohlwa . Uye ngasinda eziningi amazinyo, omkhulu futhi unempilo amathambo, ezibanzi emahlombe, umthamo omkhulu wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu esifubeni - zonke ekuboniseni athlete. Lapho uvula ethuneni Tamerlane (Photo ngenhla) ake M. M. Gerasimovu ukubuyisela ukubukeka Timur. isithombe sakhe ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka. Beard futhi amadevu Timur babe, kanye izinwele, uqweqwe abomvu.

Lapho wafa Tamerlane

Wazalelwa elaliphansi kwamagquma Shahrisabz yesimanje, Timur cishe ukuphila kwakhe konke ebonisa wachitha nemikhankaso. Finishing ngemva izimpi Samarkand futhi owawumisa waqina, umlawuli atheleka ngase Tashkent, waletha booty ocebile. Khona-ke yashintsha isiqondiso wahamba nokuhamba isiqondiso yasePheresiya futhi cishe ethumba yayo. Ngemva kwalokho kwakukhona ababethanda ne Golden zidlamlilo, futhi kuyiwe Iran, e-India. Yonke indawo tamerlan ubeshayela ukuba Samarkand ingcebo, enye yazo esikhulu jade ipuleti. Ngezansi thina yisho kuwo. Kwakungenxa kuphela lapho eseneminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nesishiyagalombili ubudala, wagula futhi wafa ngesikhathi ukuya eChina. Kwakubanda ebusika 1405. Isidumbu sakhe wagqunyiswa wafakwa ebhokisini lokungcwaba, okwakubekelwa uphahlwe brocade esiliva, futhi wenziwe ezingavamile ebony. Ngenxa yalokho, Timur wayiswa dolobha yakhe, iphi ethuneni Tamerlane.

eGuri Emir

Ukwakhiwa ethuneni emir wethulwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe e 1403, ngoba wafa, owayenelungelo lokuba yindlalifa yakhe nomzukulu. Ukwakhiwa kwalesi sakhiwo omkhulukazi kuzophothulwa kamuva kakhulu ngumzukulu wakhe Ulugbek, nengcweti imbongi, hhayi isosha efana kumkhulu wakhe. Kulesi namanje sidle eGuri Emir ithole ethuneni Tamerlane indawo. Kamuva, yena laligcwele ipuleti jade, okwabangela i Epitaph. Sithemba ukuthi manje singaba uphendula lo mbuzo: "Uphi ithuna Tamerlane?" Ngo-Samarkand, e-Crypt we Timurid.

Ubani lokuqala aba nesibindi desecrate ithuna

ithuna lakhe eminyaka inviolable. Kuphela phakathi XVIII leminyaka Persian Khan hhayi kuphela ngenhloso, kodwa futhi wathatha setshe eliyigugu jade. Kuyinto, wonke imicabango, likhishiwe eMongolia owavela China. Ngalolo suku kwakukhona ukuzamazama komhlaba e-Iran kanye Shah wagula. wabonakaliswa Ngakho ukwephulwa lokuqala ubuqotho ethuneni Tamerlane. Ngokusho yetinsita uKhan uvele umeluleki iphupho umoya Tamerlane wathi ipuleti ukubuyela. UKhan owawuzesaba, futhi wathumela emuva, kodwa phezu plate umgwaqo waqhekeka waba izingxenye 2. Ngo Samarkand amakhosi ngokucophelela ehlanganiswe, kodwa namanje ufa lubonakale. Ngakho, ethuneni Tamerlane sika, lapho namanje namuhla jade ipuleti, wahlala isetshenzwe kuze XX leminyaka.

Umsebenzi nenkathi yamaSoviet

Akekho owayazi kahle-hle lapho tamerlan. Mhlawumbe ekhaya e Shahrisabz. Kube yayikhona ethuneni. Futhi mhlawumbe Samarkand. Kwanqunywa ukuba ukuhlola Mausoleum enkulu eGuri Emir futhi ukuze kumbiwe ithuna Tamerlane, uma uthola khona. Ikhomishani eliholwa umvubukuli Kary-Niyazov. Futhi ifake lezo zibalo kwamasiko njengoba M. M. Gerasimov, idale isithombe u-Ivan IV, nengwenya Russian Tsar, futhi umbhali aini futhi Cinematographer Kayumov. Zonke umsebenzi waqala ngo-June 16, 1941. Amathuna Ahlukile Abantu babebaningi futhi kwanqunywa ngiwavule ngokulandelana. Okokuqala wahlangana ulahla bakwa-Timur. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili - kubazukulu bakhe, kuhlanganise Ulugbek, owafunda kusukela lokuthi ikhanda lakhe wahlukaniswa umzimba (njengoba kwaziwa ukuthi wafa ukufa enobudlova), nokuthi wembelwa izingubo, hhayi endaweni indwangu. Juni 20 ngaqala ukuvula ithuna Tamerlane. Bamazi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba lokhu ivi skeleton okulimele, ukuthi, wayexhuga. Lokhu ethuneni kwaba ekhethekile. It ungababaleli kuphela setshe amathathu ka-jade, okuyinto jacking, kodwa futhi zemabula ambalwa. Kwakudingeka indophi ukuthi siphakamise ngokungazelelwe lolo waphula. Ngesikhatsi walulama, yena lihlehliselwe.

I teahouse

Kayumov opharetha waya ukuphuza itiye. Ukuze dastarkhan wahlala indoda amathathu ubudala - lena ezivamile Samarkand isithombe. Kodwa kungazelelwe omunye wabadala ziqondiswe opharetha, wathi ukuthi kuyingozi ukuvumela umoya impi ethuneni. Inganekwane ukuthi uma ziphazamisa Timur uthuli, uzoqala mpi esabekayo futhi olunegazi njalo baya e-Asia Ephakathi. Le ndoda endala wayivula incwadi endala ngombhalo Arabhu nokufunda kwale nganekwane elibuhlungu. Kodwa, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi Kayumov ngasizathu simbe akazange suka noma iyiphi incwadi noma abadala abathathu kule filimu. Futhi ubufakazi kuye, kodwa amazwi akhe, kodwa abanye ababuzwa. Ukubuyela bomkhankaso, Kayumov ukutshelwa ingxoxo yakhe wonke amalungu alo. Nokho, umsebenzi waqhubeka.

Sebenza kuvulwa sarcophagus

Lapho bevula ithuna Tamerlane, ephakamisela amapuleti ezintathu, khona-ke ngaphansi kwazo wabona sarcophagus okukhulu. Ngu yokungcwaba wabe uphuzo ngephunga lempepho. Kungazelelwe, ngezizathu ezingaziwa, ugesi waphuma. It angesabi abuyiselwe ngemuva kwamahora amathathu. Umsebenzi waqhubeka: omnyama lomngcwabo ithole amathambo Tamerlane futhi wanqwabelanisa emabhokisini. Ngakusasa ekuseni, ososayensi wafunda emsakazweni ukuthi yaqala impi. Ukuqondana kwezinto noma cha, akekho owaziyo. Kodwa kwaze kwaba kuphela ngemva ethuneni Tamerlane wabuya skeleton futhi ehloniphekile wangcwatshwa, nokuthi kwenzeka ngo-March (19-20) Ngonyaka ka-1942 lapho kwakushintsha empini. KwaseStalingrad 19 Mashi okuhlaselayo zaqala ukuhlasela, kwathi amabutho zethu zaqala ukugcwala khulula insimu kakhulu izwe lakubo.

Nansi indaba okuyimfihlakalo ukuqondana emangalisayo izinsuku senzeke emva kuvulwa ithuna Tamerlane. Kanjani ukwelapha lesi nje akwaziwa. Kodwa amaqiniso abonisa ukuthi kusekuningi ukufunda.