Ugandaganda T-4A: Ukucaciswa, izithombe, ukulungisa

Ugandaganda kusandile e izicelo kutekulima nasetimbonini, zikhishwa, amabhizinisi eziningi zeSoviet Union. Ngo Kazakhstan nokude eSiberia Altai isitshalo imishini esetshenziselwa umsebenzi. Lawa kwakungamadodana izimoto T-4, futhi kamuva T-4A.

Ogandaganda Altai eqoqwe engaphezu kwengu-30. Kulokhu, imodeli yakamuva ye inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ikhasimende waya cishe ujike kwekhulu - ngo-1998. umshini Altai akakwazi ngokuthi Fleet namayunithi buthule, kodwa ukubhebhetheka kwazo, ikakhulu abahlala ezindaweni esempumalanga yaleli zwe ehlaselwe yokuthi ukulethwa imishini ezivela kwezinye abakhiqizi zidinga isikhathi nemali. amabhizinisi ezinkulu uyabanda e Belarus (MTZ), noma-Ukraine (UMZ). Kulesi sisekelo, ukusebenza eSiberia yathengwa ugandaganda T-4A, izithombe kanye nezici sicabanga.

wokugubha

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uphawu "T" esihlokweni iyaphindwa emishinini izimila eziningi ezihlukahlukene, ngakho bheka lapha okunye ukufana okukhona isibonelo Vaz (iVolga imoto) akudingekile. Iyini incazelo emfushane ugandaganda T-4A? Lokhu ugandaganda jikelele injongo traction 40kN, libhekisela isigaba 4. Yakhelwe ukusebenza ukujula eqhweni, noma kwezinye izindawo mboni. Ngezinkinga ethize, kukhona Imibhobho esemzimbeni ezengeziwe, zazo ogibele kokubili phambi (ezimweni eziningi, ukuthola noma ngogandaganda noma Forklift) futhi bakhulise (amadivayisi wezolimo).

incazelo

Thanda imishini kakhulu efanayo, ugandaganda T-4A kwaba efulemini yensimbi, ashiselwe kusukela pair of ibhokisi-kwesigaba spars. Ukuze ezingemuva ku izikhonkwane nemishudo unamathisela ezingemuva oluvala amasondo izindlu. phambi yabo interconnects ibha metal. Ngaphambili ingxenye Uhlaka kuthatha injini diesel, lapho ekhishiwe kurediyetha Ukupholisa ngomoya kanye Lubrication izinhlelo. Ngemva kwakhe iyona gumbi ukulawula kwezihlalo ezimbili. Imbobo phakathi injini kanye oluvala amasondo ezingemuva ahlelwe bamba main ,, lokugcina ukudluliswa reverse gear, manual Pheqa ikhasi (amandla ukuthatha-off shaft).

Inethiwekhi kagesi has a standard 12 V. Kubandakanya ukuziqalela kagesi, uhlelo prestart, umsindo, izibani kanye fan ngemoto abanikeze asebenza nabo. Futhi kusukela kwamandla ungaqala i-operation isibonisi motor fluidic kokungenzi lutho ngemva okuqhubeka isikhathi eside noma lapho besebenza ngezansi 5 degrees.

oluvala amasondo engemuva futhi ukunyakaza

T-4A ugandaganda eshukunyiswa igiya lokugcina etholakala ezinhlangothini uzimele main. Ngaphandle kwalezi, ezingemuva oluvala amasondo izindlu yakhiwa main wotho igiya, yebhangqa ukunqanda ilanga igiya, ezimbili zokupaka ukubopha nokulawula izinhlelo. Kukhona owodwa esigabeni Ukujikeleza kwamaplanethi indlela 4 esekelwe iyunithi satellite.

Ngaphezu imisebenzi eyisisekelo (ngci), ngokucindezela phansi isinyathelo yokupaka ukubopha angabangela ugandaganda baphenduka kuyo leyo ndawo noma ukwenza ube esejika. Smooth rotations encane abazenzi usebenzisa igiya kwamaplanethi kanye amabhuleki ilanga igiya, okuyinto ocushiwe ngokucindezela iziyisikhombisa ezithile abanikeze asebenza nabo.

idrayivu Final siqukethe pair of amasondo igiya cylindrical kanye wheel drive. ezinqoleni ezinamasondo akheke uzimele. Ukuze phezulu ezinamasondo chassis ezimbili ukwesekwa igibele ezansi kukhona eziyisithupha inkomba. Ngaphambili isondo has imisebenzi emibili - isiqondiso ukujikisa, kanye ukungezwani ithrekhi. Zonke eduze Sibona zitholakala ohlangothini spars, eyenzelwe ukunamathela kudingekile impahla eyengeziwe.

gumbi

T ugandaganda has gumbi 4A-metal omi shock absorbers. Wavala uhlobo, unombono ezine emaceleni. Front futhi ingilazi ezingemuva ezimbili iginqika. Ngo embodiments kakhulu, kukhona elanele ezicwebezelisiwe ohlangothini iminyango. isihlalo Sprung. Abakwazi kushintshwe ukuphakama futhi enyakazayo, okuvumela umshayeli ukuze ulungise isikhundla ezimenza azizwe atjhaphulukile. Zonke onobuhle zaphela nge isitofu, kodwa uma uthanda kungaba kuthathelwe indawo air conditioning.

umkhiqizo sebhithi

Sesihlole ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukuthi ukuhlukanisa ugandaganda T-4A. Imininingwane nezinye amabhulokhi zishintshile kancane. Uma injini imoto yokuqala yayithwala 90 amalitha. . C, inguqulo ethuthukisiwe injini ithole A-01M, owawungumnyaka kabili njengoba umthamo okuningi - 190 amalitha. a. e Kokubili lokuqala futhi esimweni sesibili sisebenzisa 6 cylinder, 4-stroke udizili kanye nokupholisa ketshezi. Ukwethulwa kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala, usebenzisa ezimbili-unhlangothi uphethiloli ukuziqalela kagesi motor ukusebenzisa TD-10U (umthamo 10 l. C.). Waqala kusukela udizili main. Ukujikeleza ngaphandle egijima injini main kwakungenakwenzeka.

Brake band, ukudluliswa wasebenzisa Ukujikeleza ibhukwana amathuba okukhulunywa. Kodwa gear olukhethekile reverse kudingeka kuxoxwe ngazo ngokwehlukana. Ukukhuluma ulimi imoto, ugandaganda T-4A babengenalo igiya reverse. PPC kwadingeka 4 ngesivinini futhi ayikwazanga kuphela phambili. Ukuba khona abanikeze asebenza nabo of a isigwedlo ahlukene ikuvumela ukuba unike amandla gear reverse, bese umshini Yayintininiza emuva, futhi ngezinye 4 ngesivinini. Ikhono labasebenzi injini liye landa inani amagiye phambili futhi 8, kodwa okuningi okuhle ke enganikanga. Isethi amabhuleki alithembekile, ukumiswa semi eqinile nemingcele abaningi bavumela ukuthuthukisa obungu-10 km / h.

ukulungiswa

Manageability - uhlala ezibalulekile, umphumela oqondile zazo kungaba umshayeli ukukhathala. Njengoba sazi ukuthi oxhumana naye amadivayisi echazwe enezimiso eziningana wokubacindezela ezilawula amabhuleki, ukulungisa indlela nezinye izinto, ukulungisa ngesikhathi esifanele ugandaganda T-4A kuzokhulisa ukuphila inkonzo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunganciphisa imiphumela emibi.

Uphawu lokuqala iphutha ohlelweni kagesi umshini zizoshintsha ithoni ibhiphu. Kulokhu, kufanele sinake ezingeni electrolyte kanye kwabantu yayo amabhethri, amabhethri efile, isikhathi yokusebenza ye ukuziqalela kagesi. Uma izinkinga ibhethri, njengoba umthetho, lo mkhandlu eyodwa - ukuzifaka esikhundleni.

Jerks uma ushayela amathrekhi, amandla eyengeziwe isicelo ngokushintshanisa, ungakwazi i-signal ukungasebenzi uhlelo wokubacindezela. Ukulungisa of ugandaganda ukuvula indlela T 4A iqala ukususwa ukuvalwa phezu ezingemuva ezingemuva oluvala amasondo izindlu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhlola inkomba isikhundla iphini kususwa udonga lwangemuva izindlu eduze iziyisikhombisa ukulawula ithuba, qinisa nut ukulungisa. isikhundla sayo lesifanele ilawulwa isimo esishubile ukubopha ibhande. Ungase futhi uhlole isikhundla pin. Esimweni esejwayelekile, lifihliwe ngokuphelele.

Model ububanzi futhi imishini

Abakhiqizi ukunikela ezine ongakhetha ephelele T-4A.

• Ugandaganda kungase kudingeke okwengeziwe esinanyathiselwe hydraulics, gibela + uhlelo okwengeziwe amandla isilinda ezimbili - i-C1 okuthiwa.
• Eyesibili ukucushwa samuntu (C2) ukuphinda lokuqala, ngaphandle Ukushiywa amasilinda futhi uhlelo nokuxhumanisa olwengeziwe.
• Izinketho C3 - kuphela ezengeziwe amandla amasilinda, akukho okunye.
• Ekugcineni C4 - Gcwalisa: Kufaka uhlelo ensikeni wokubacindezela, isimiso ezengeziwe izingxenye test, kodwa awekho amasilinda.

inombolo Model kungenziwa imelelwa uhlu elandelayo:

• Ugandaganda T4 - imodeli isizinda, ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1964 kuya ku-1970.
• Ugandaganda T-4A - imodeli ethuthukisiwe, ukukhululwa 1970 kuya ku-1998. Ngaphandle gibela evamile njengoba sibonelo, kwadingeka izici ezimbalwa esingeziwe yokuxhuma Imibhobho esemzimbeni ezengeziwe. Futhi kwathi nge injini namandla kakhulu.
• Ugandaganda T-4AP - isibonelo sokuba umkhakha, eyakhululwa okokuqala ngo-1972. Iphinda version odlule, kodwa akanawo kungenzeka amadivayisi yasibamba ngemuva. Ukucindezelwa kwakuvame ukusetshenziswa njengezaba ngogandaganda kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezithile, ngenxa yalokho ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi B4. Ngesisekelo yayo athuthukile B4-M, kodwa inkinga ehlukile.

isiphetho

Abakhasi ugandaganda T-4A, izithombe kanye izici esesiye sacabangela, isibe isixazululo esisemqoka abasebenza ixhaphozi izindawo, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwazimoto kwakungenakwenzeka. amakhono Technical ugandaganda amvumele ukuba angene emsebenzini ekuseni entwasahlobo, ekwindla ngisho ebusika.