Digitalis: izakhiwo zokwelapha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha

Okuhlobisa imbiza foxglove, ayelapha okuyinto ziye zabonakala abelaphi Chinese amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba imithi yezesayensi uye wazibonakalisa kanjani impumelelo yabo, kungokwalabo plantaginaceae umndeni. Lesi simila ebukekayo, okuyinto edume ngokuthi "izinsimbi zasendle", "thimbles", "ryumochnikom", "Impisi digitalis" noma "izinsimbi" (ngesimo izimbali zayo), Botany wanikezwa igama "digitalis» (Digitalys).

Lesi simila kuyinto ezinesihlungu, kodwa kuyinto izinto eziwusizo kakhulu okwelapha iluhlaza. Imithi kuthiwa lenziwa okusekelwe ke, ukusiza e ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Kuyini okwenza izimangaliso utshani Ornamental: incazelo

Biennial noma zisetshenziswa isitshalo herbaceous bomkhaya plantaginaceae digitalis, izakhiwo ekwelapheni kukhona ngenxa yokubakhona isethi glycosides e amaqabunga ayo, enhlabathini zasendle encomekayo ne-asidi eningi futhi itholakala osebeni nemifula elaliphansi kwamagquma Stony futhi komgwaqo ube nemigodi ngemigodi. Ekuhlobiseni izingadi abalimi kuhoxiswe ongaphakeme grade digitalis ne isikhathi eside izimbali, bona bahlelekela curbs noma esetshenziselwa edging izindlela.

"Intaba Buttercup", "naperstyanaya utshani" (kangaka okuthiwa imbali North-Caucasus), noma "natyagach", "polzkotsvet" (esifundeni esise-Ural), kantsi sicuketse loku 25 zinhlobo (kanye nezinhlobonhlobo engadini), labo eziyinhloko: i-foxglove obomvu ( onsomi, onsomi), okungaba onsomi, pink, white ngisho ezimpofu; ohluke - foxglove grandiflora, eyesithathu - the ibuthuntu (noma "digitalis Shishkin"), owesine - mammoth. Kubukeka kungafani, kodwa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye izakhiwo oqabulayo izinhlobo zalesi sihlahla efanayo bucishe bulingane. Isiqu noma iyiphi yalezi izitshalo kanzima futhi high, ubude bayo ziyahlukahluka kusuka nengxenye ngamamitha amabili. Ukuphulukisa (kodwa enobuthi kakhulu) eshiya babe lanceolate, indawo olandelayo, kancane kancane ezihambayo ku amaqabunga kanye inflorescences spike emise, ehlanganisa izinsimbi esihle, izimbali anemibala namaphunga ahlukahlukene. Ukugqama izilongotshane udebe lwangezansi flower ngamunye ubeka off kuye, enikeza charm ekhethekile ngamunye ithenda "thimbles".

Isikhathi izimbali zalesi sitshalo undemanding iqala phakathi ehlobo futhi iphela ekwindla. Ziningi imbewu abavuthiwe amabhokisi ukugcina nokusebenza sabo phakathi neminyaka emithathu.

I amakhemikhali ukwakheka utshani naperstochnoy

Abelapha batusa ngezinjongo zokwelapha ukuqoqa izimbali futhi "izinsimbi" amahlamvu ehlobo (ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala). Kulesi sigaba, inani elikhulayo glycosides inhliziyo emaqabungeni isitshalo ifinyelela esiphezulu yayo. Kuyinto lezi izakhi idume foxglove. ayelapha of glycosides waveza umphumela zabo tonic ku imisipha yenhliziyo, kuyasiza ukuqeda arrhythmia. Okuqukethwe lezi eliyingqayizivele futhi kuyazuzisa izinto inhliziyo kuncike uhlobo isitshalo.

Cardenolides (glycosides inhliziyo) nakho izimbali neziqu zalesi sihlahla, kodwa eluhlaza isitshalo neziqu ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa. Imbewu kanye namaqabunga foxglove, ososayensi baye bathola okuqukethwe saponins steroidal, tigonina digitonin, gitonina, atsetildigitoksina futhi sarsapogenina. Ngaphezu kwalokho kwatholakala digilanidy, E lanatozidy, C, B, D, A, purpureaglikozidy A, B, flavonoid, choline, caffeic acid, nezinye acid organic, aglucone, ushukela kanye nosawoti wamaminerali.

ephulukisa izakhiwo

Ngisho nangekhulu nesishiyagalombili, izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile uye waqaphela ukusebenza okusezingeni eliphezulu begazi izitshalo ezifana foxglove. ayelapha yalesi imbiza esiyingqayizivele bangalwa ngempumelelo ezifweni eziningi zenhliziyo. Njengoba imithi ekhulwini ezisekelwe maphakathi no-19 utshani naperstochnoy eseqala ukuveza isiRashiya, bese - eSoviet, imboni eyenza imithi. They possess analgesic, cardiotonic, hemostatic, unesifo sikashukela, laxative, anti-inflammatory, isisu kanye isinyathelo sine. Ukwakheka esiyingqayizivele zalesi sihlahla evumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekwelapheni cishe zonke izifo zenhliziyo, kuhlanganise nokuphazamiseka kwempilo kwegazi okukhulu, kanye namafomu ezingamahlalakhona ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo.

Ukuphelelwa ngumoya, edema, arrhythmia (kwenhliziyo) - Izimpawu, ezisiza ukususa izidakamizwa, ezibandakanya nalabo equkethwe digitalis. Lapho ukuphazamiseka umsebenzi zenhliziyo ukulawula umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo, odokotela bavame linqume izidakamizwa e ukwelashwa okusekelwe digitalis. Lapho CNS neziyaluyalu, ukuquleka ngesikhathi usinga noma usebenzise i-isilonda ukuphulukisa powder ngamahlamvu omisiwe nechobozekile izitshalo zokwelapha.

Ukusetshenziswa digitalis

"Naperstochnaya utshani" futhi amalungiselelo kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukumelana yegazi, aqinise izindonga, ngokuba ukuzinza we hemodynamics jikelele, ukuthengisela kwezicubu nemisipha igazi, kuhlanganise nenhliziyo. Asiza ngu infarction, kanye zamehlo mitral, ukwehluleka senhliziyo nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, kusukela fibrillation atrial futhi esivimba amanzi sokuwohloka, kusukela izinhlobo ezahlukene tachycardia. Abacwaningi baphawule ukuthi umthamo digitalis kuvusa okukhipha inhliziyo, futhi kunciphisa lizinga excitability wesistimu inhliziyo, okwandisa calcium lokuhlushwa plasma kanye prolongation ka diastole. Lesi senzo kuyasiza kulesetayelekile inqubo ukugeleza kwegazi e myocardium futhi ashukumise ukugeleza kwegazi izitsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, saponins futhi digitonin lula inqubo ukumuncwa yezinye glycosides ukuthi isiguli kuthatha udokotela ngokulinganisa.

amafomu Isikali

Red, nsomi ngokubomvu foxglove grandiflora imbiza, ayelapha ezithinta nomphumela osheshayo emzimbeni, ungakwazi ngokushesha asuse izimpawu ezingezinhle ngokuthatha izidakamizwa esimweni esiphuthumayo. Lezi zihlanganisa: "Digitoxin", "Gitoksin" futhi "Kordigit" amaphilisi, "Gitalov" isixazululo kanye powder oluhlaza ngamahlamvu omisiwe zalesi sihlahla. cishe nsé "intombi" wayo onsomi ukubunjwa zamakhemikhali isinyathelo emzimbeni womuntu foxglove ibuthuntu. Solutions ezitholakalayo namuhla, imboni eyenza imithi ngesisekelo lesi sitshalo abizwa ngokuthi "Digalen Neo" futhi "Sukkudifer". digitalis Camera, isenzo kabani enhliziyweni nezitsha anesilinganiso esiphansi ezuziwe (efaka) umphumela ngisho ivikeleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa eside umzimba. Ukuthola amalungiselelo ku osekelwe kuyo ngo wezokwelapha (kunconyiwe) Ukweqiwa ayivamile ukubangela imihlola enqabayo anobuthi.

Tablets "Digoxin" - ikhambi ezijwayeleke kakhulu izifo zenhliziyo phesheya. I izinto zokusetshenziswa for ukukhiqizwa yayo namaqabunga foxglove ibuthuntu. Ngaphandle kwezidakamizwa, manje ekhemisi lungatholwa "Tselanid" (powder), amaphilisi - "Abitsin" futhi "Atsetildigitoksin" izixazululo - "Dilanizid" futhi "Lantosidum» (utshwala).

Folk Medicine: Ungadliwa kusukela foxglove

Abantu babe eside linesizotha etshalwe ensimini yakhe, kodwa amahle kakhulu isitshalo - digitalis, okuyinto ezweni lethu eyaziwa ngokuthi i-foxglove. Izithombe imibala umbukwane ngesimo thimbles nge ezihlukahlukene ezinemibala egqamile ngokuvamile ikhuthaza balimi ukutshala isitshalo ngoba kucutshungulwa utshani, engadini alpine noma umngcele. Lapho ufunda izakhiwo akhe ayisimangaliso okwelapha, singamakhosikazi emizi eziningi zizama ukulungisa Potion ukuphulukiswa amaqabunga nezimbali. Kodwa ukulungiselela esizimele, isithako nomuthi futhi amanye amalungiselelo, kanye nokwamukela glycosides inhliziyo ngesisekelo isitshalo anobuthi okusongelayo nje kuphela ukuzuza zabo emzimbeni, kodwa futhi kungaholela poisoning ngisho nokufa (ikakhulukazi izingane). Ngakho-ke, glycosides emthanjeni (phakathi nokuhlasela) wenziwa esibhedlela, futhi tablet for ekwelapheni ezingamahlalakhona inhliziyo izifo ngokuvamile uyawasebenzisa ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha esibhedlela.

Digitalis: izakhiwo zokwelapha kanye contraindications

Kukhona izifo kanye nezimo lapho kungase kube anobuthi imbiza foxglove contraindicated ku: esivimba amanzi oyingozi futhi ihlawulelwa inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini, ephelele block atrioventricular namanye kuwukubonakaliswa bradyarrhythmias ezinzima, endocarditis futhi esebenzayo rheumatism isifo senhliziyo, yomthambo i-aorta ne-valve stenosis. Ungathathi imithi ngesisekelo izitshalo kubantu abaphethwe izifo ezingelapheki kwemigudu yokuphefumula uhlelo, myocarditis, angina, pericarditis, tachycardia esiswini.

Musa ungasebenzisi noma yiziphi izindlela ukuthi amakhambi okwelapha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezisencane. Isici ngomphumela ezuziwe digitalis, okuvumela glycosides inhliziyo buthelela kwezicubu, kungaba neqhaza negative, okubangela ubuthi ngisho ukuboshwa inhliziyo.

izinyathelo zokuqapha

Enobuthi isitshalo foxglove, ukusetshenziswa okuyinto lihlotshaniswa zaziziningi nemiphumela emibi, kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile phakathi reception. Uma kwakukhona izimpawu ubuthi - isicanucanu, uhudo, palpitations, ikhanda, isiyezi, dyspnea, izindebe okwesibhakabhaka, beqhaqhazela kanye nezinhlungu emzimbeni, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo shayela i-ambulense, ngokushesha ukuhlanza, esiswini amathumbu, thatha namalahle isebenze noma ezinye adsorbent. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kube Ukudlikizela, ukuhhema, ne-acute isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. A umthamo ebulalayo ngoba indoda kubhekwe ukuba 2.25 kuphela amagremu digitalis. On yokwemukela iziguli esibhedlela, digitalis ushevu (noma izidakamizwa ukweqisa izidakamizwa on ngesisekelo yayo) iqondiswa "atropine", i-caffeine, potassium chloride futhi "Unithiol". Noma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngesisekelo lesi izitshalo ezihlobisile futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu ukuba abantu abavumelana nalokhu udokotela!