Abalobi imisebenzi ngezilwane nemvelo

Abanjengezilwane isihloko ngokufanelekile njengezidalwa ezingaphezu kwabantu okuphakade. izakhi zayo ingatholakala temdzabu ngemisebenzi nezincwadi zakudala futhi zesimanje. Alexander Kuprin, Dzhek London, Dzherald Darrell - ukuthi abalobi abayilobile ngezilwane (uhlu ikude nekuphela). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isibalo imisebenzi abanjengezilwane alaba babhali zihlukile, kodwa ithalente kokwazisa kwazo akufani, zozela zonke, wadala izithombe lesifinyetiwe nesihlokwana sikhunjulwe "abafowethu abasebasha" ukuthi ukuheha abafundi kuze kube yilolu suku.

ngezigaba

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukucacisa owabhala izilwane, kunzima. Ububanzi uhlobo isilwane moveable ngakho futhi ungaqondakali ukuthi kungafakwa uma uthanda, futhi lenani Kolobok, futhi "The Metamorphosis" Frantsa Kafki. Yingakho abahlaziyi bemibhalo uye wazakhela ngezigaba eningilizayo yazo zonke lezi imikhiqizo isilwane:

• animalism "Classic", emelela emhlabeni isilwane oludonsa, kalutho ngaphandle kwendoda. Isibonelo esimangalisayo - izindaba Seton-Thompson.
• anthropology Comparative: Isilwane kuqhathaniswa indoda owazi ukuthi unesikhathi kunokuningi okufanele sikufunde endleleni "abafowethu ezincane". Isampula ukuqhathanisa okunjalo - "INgoma Falcon" Maksima Gorkogo.
• Animal nge touch of umuzwa ubonakala okuthile bestiarnom yokufuna ngesimo bakudala, ukuthi liletha umuzwa ezidlule.
• Fable nokulotshwa yezinganekwane nezilwane njengoba umlingisi losemcoka, nokunye. D.

Futhi parallel lisebenzisa igama elithi "izincwadi okungokwemvelo", kodwa uhla yayo thematic Kuthi ebanzi kunalokho imisebenzi abanjengezilwane, futhi kuhlanganisa izindaba nasezincwadini ziye mayelana izitshalo.

Ernest Thompson Seton

Phakathi kwalabo wabhala izindaba ngezilwane, mhlawumbe edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa umlobi Canadian Seton-Thompson. Nakuba e-Canada ayephila ngaso sonke isikhathi: kule ngxenye ye-Nyakatfo Melika , wathuthela nabazali bakhe, njengoba kuboshwe umfana oneminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Kusukela esemncane wayenza nemvelo futhi emathafeni ngaphezu umphakathi wesintu. Ngakho akukho lutho babezizwe yokuthi amaqhawe imisebenzi yakhe bokuqala abameleli uhlanga lwesintu, futhi ... izinyoni.

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe Thompson Seton ekhiqizwa izinkulungwane eziningana ezihlokweni ezilotshwe isitayela yesayensi kanye ethandwa, kanye izincwadi ukuthi bayigugu isayensi izilwane. Nakuba abalandeli yokukhuluma wobuciko eside umazi njengomakhelwane nombhali izindaba eziningi ezimnandi, ukuthola ezweni imvelo kusukela ikota ezingalindelekile ( "Lobo", "Mustang pacer" nokunye. D.). Seton-Thompson liyaziwa imidwebo yakhe, kanye ukudalwa "umphakathi Vudkraftskogo", okuzoba sibonelo lamadolobha esimanjemanje izinhlangano boy scout. Lo mbono Seton-Thompson uye lalifuna ukuba isifundo omude namasiko Indian, okusuka neminyaka yokuqala umbhali.

"Umndeni wami futhi Ikhhrikhethi"

Ngezinye izikhathi abalobi imisebenzi ngezilwane zaphoqeleka ukuba zishiye okwesikhashana ezokuzilibazisa - kwezilwane - libuyele izincwadi ngenxa izimbangela impahla. Kwaba njalo Gerald Durrell. Ngisho nalapho ngiseyingane yena raved ngezilwane futhi konke ixhunyiwe nabo. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-14, lo mfanyana ngathola umsebenzi esitolo "Ukucinga", futhi ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, ukuzama isandla sakhe "Whipsnade" zoo njengendlela "umfana ku pozveryushkah". Ngo-1947, uGerald uthola isabelo sayo ilifa likayise yakhe wachitha ngempumelelo umkhankaso. Kwesobunxele, nithenge ngaphandle kwemali yomsebenzi, Darrell ngeseluleko umfowabo, umlobi nesazi abadumile, ezama yena uma abalobi '. Futhi kahle, kufanele kuphawulwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokukhethekile ingxenye yokuqala trilogy Greek "Umndeni wami futhi Ikhhrikhethi." eNgilandi kuphela incwadi yanyatheliswa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-30!

Abanjengezilwane isihloko nezincwadi zakudala Russian

Ngokungafani abalobi ngenhla, ababhali abakhuluma isiRashiya kuyo imisebenzi ngezilwane esibhekiswe abanjengezilwane indaba ephathwayo sengathi edlulayo, odlulayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kucwaninga nenhlanhla kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, u-Alexander Kuprin isibonelo "Strider" UTolstoy wadala indaba "Emerald". uhlamvu yayo eyinhloko inkunzi kabani isithombe akulona uthando olungenayo ukuqonda ngokwengqondo: Emerald kuyinto ngisho ukwazi dream.

Phakathi abalobi owabhala izindaba ngezilwane ezikhathini aseSoviet, bungabonakala Michael Prishvina, Konstantina Paustovskogo, uVictor Astafieva. Lena yesibili ehlangene isiqondiso ngemibono nesitayela of "temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba dolobhana" eyayikhuluma kuhlanganise nezinkinga zemvelo, ukuze conceptualize endaweni yomuntu emhlabeni, yonke.

abalobi Modern imisebenzi ngezilwane

inqubo Literary eRussia kula mashumi eminyaka amuva ephelezelwa emphakathini, nokususa imikhawulo ukucwaninga. Yayingeke kodwa kuthinte izincwadi abanjengezilwane. abalobi Modern imisebenzi ezilwaneni (isib, L. Petrushevskaya) esetshenziswa bestiarnye izithombe hhayi kuphela njengendlela yokuthola allegory, ukudala allegories, ebhekisela ezingokoqobo kwezenhlalo kanye zomlando, kodwa futhi njengoba kwabonisa izenzo uhlamvu ojayelekileko bancishwa iyiphi ukufana nabantu.