Isebenza ngu L. N. Tolstogo: uhlu

Njengoba izinkondlo Pushkin, njengoba temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba UTolstoy sika - yethu yonke! Lena naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amanoveli UTolstoy abahlanu kuphela agcwele, kuphela nedlanzana amanoveli ezimbalwa kanye trilogy - "Ukukhuluphala. Ubusha. Youth ". Izindaba, inganekwane, izinganekwane, izinkondlo, izinguqulo, imisebenzi amadlingozi - ezimbalwa zazo sazi ukuthi ayini la imisebenzi kwakungafanele athole. Mhlawumbe ukukhumbula kubo kaningi, abantu abaningi baye bathola le UTolstoy entsha.

Ubunikazi umbhali nephrozi, isitayela sakhe etemibhalo

Yini ehlukanisa umsebenzi Lva Tolstogo - libonisa ukuthi singobani lesi umbhali: kwavumela ukuba endaweni yonke "umculi yemvelo" olulodwa futhi "sazi okunengqondo." Yilokho abazama ukubola ku-athomu omoya-abacwaningi umbhali zokudala iminyaka eminingi. Imisebenzi L. N. Tolstogo - inqolobane okujabulisa yabo. ekuqaleni yobuciko nefilosofi, a ukucwiliswa ngokugcwele kulezi isitayela ezimbili polar zivuse intshiseko yomfundi sokufunda, kusukela ababhali, abahlaziyi, abaqavile emphakathini - cwaningo engaqondakali ukoma ukucabanga agumenti.

Ezinye zazo ezidinga umlobi khona amafomu amabili, ngokuphelele ephikisana nawo futhi belwa bodwa. Kakade yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo - "Ukukhuluphala kuya enkathini yokuthomba" - ifilosofi imifanekiso zizinhle inikeza abafundi ubuhle emangalisayo yomlobi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ubuhlakani, efana uLeo Tolstoy. Izindaba nombhali kanye nazo zonke ezinye imisebenzi yakhe ezidalwe isitayela esiyingqayizivele, okwayinika idumela umbhali omkhulu Russian.

5 imisebenzi Phezulu Lva Tolstogo

Kuyinto imfucuza yethu yesimanje kusukela kwencazelo "okuthile okungcono" (kulesi simo "Lezi zincwadi engcono yomlobi"), esikhundleni salo kube nokuthile Ezingu-10, Top 100. Ake sizame ukudala Top 10 we wokufundwayo kabanzi kunazo imisebenzi uLeo Tolstoy.

On the amanoveli ezimbili zokuqala kufanele ufune - "Anna Karenina" futhi "Impi Nokuthula". Ngamunye wethu izingxabano zawo esivuna omunye wabo esingamshumayelanga eyakhelwe line phezulu. Ziletheni - akudingekile, futhi impikiswano zingase zephuze. Ngo umbukiso zethu Top sikunikeza kwasekuqaleni bobabili, badlulele endaweni yesibili.

Inoveli "Isonto", trilogy "Ukukhuluphala. Ubusha. Youth ", inoveli" Kreutzer Sonata, "" Diary of a Madman "," Ekuseni Umninindawo "- babefunda, wayemthanda futhi namanje ngokufuna abenzi mafilimu kanye yaseshashalazini abaqondisi emhlabeni wonke. Uma indaba kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukunquma trilogy lwesithathu futhi inoveli shiya ngosuku lwesibili, ke kathathu umklomelo isivele ine eziyisikhombisa imisebenzi best of UTolstoy. Asele izindawo ezintathu yethu Top 10 Uyakufanelekela singena umjikelezo "Sevastopol Stories" indaba "Hadji Murat" futhi umsebenzi okukhulu, "Amandla Ngibambeni, noma uzipho ngci, le nyoni kwalasha. '

Yiqiniso, kweshumi yethu, siye okukhulunywa imisebenzi best of L. N. Tolstogo - umane uwukubonakaliswa ngesihloko, kodwa kungenzeka ukuqondana ngayo umbono zabafundi abaningi.

"Impi Nokuthula" - ngaye futhi ngalokho

umfundi ezingavamile akusho ukubuza imibuzo, futhi siyini, eqinisweni, inoveli? Mayelana impi yokulwa Napoleon kanye ubuqhawe yebutho Russian ka isibindi owabhalwa nesibindi amasosha ethu, nobukhulu noma izikhulu namanje mayelana nobudlelwano babantu, bangenile ngokumelene isizinda izenzakalo nzima isimo?

umkhiqizo Ehlakaniphile, okuyinto inimitable njengoba umlobi uLeo Tolstoy - "Impi Nokuthula"! Umbhali inikeza like umfundi ngamunye ukuze uthole impendulo yombuzo othi: onekareko empini - isitatimende yezimpi ezinkulu iqukethe ukunemba cishe olunembile ngokuphelele zomlando abafuna shí incazelo elimangalisayo imizwa olutholwa izinhlamvu - nakanjani ukuthola enovelini efuna.

Isikhombi ngobuningi bayo, isitayela, ulimi, isethulo umsebenzi, indlela is noveli "Impi Nokuthula", string ngalinye ukuba afuthwe ngesibulali-main - injabulo yokuphila kwansuku zonke, e ukudabuka, injabulo. Kube bese, kanye nomunye parallel run, ngasinye isinyathelo, isandla ngesandla ngokusebenzisa nabo bonke ubunzima kanye izithiyo. Okuhle Yiqiniso, enqoba futhi okubi efa wanqoba.

Ingabe Anna Karenina enozwelo kumdlali

Njengoba e "Impi Nokuthula", e "Anna Karenina", kukhona uthando ezimbili polar: sublime, okumsulwa, enganasono, futhi antipode yayo - ndini, ngonya, cishe noma ezingcolile ucingo. Colon kuphakamisa ubuhlobo umfundi ukuhumusha Anna Vronsky emlonyeni "ukukhanya", enika yena ukunquma degree of upland noma Eliphansi imizwa yabo. Umbhali uzama hhayi ukwakha phakathi izincazelo izindonga kakhonkolo, ushintsho esimweni eyodwa kuya kwenye azinakwa: emgqeni efanayo sithola lokulungisiswa egcwele lolu thando, ngakolunye - ukulahlwa yayo jikelele. Futhi uma wezimbangi, kodwa ibhuloho phakathi kwemigqa - ufulawa protagonists, bo ngabaza, futhi leso sinqumo sokugcina, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi.

Ngakho lokho ukuhlolwa uhlamvu yaso isinika umbhali ngokwakhe? Ingabe nozwela, izisekelo sorry? UTolstoy lapha izenzo njengenhlangano moralist ngekutsi - kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe, uthando lobugebengu sibheke isiphetho esibuhlungu. Mina ngidalile uhlamvu lwami, emtshela ukubulala isixwayiso kwabanye. Kwisithombe nozwela, ayenzi abaningi kangaka abahlupheka.

"Ukukhuluphala" njengoba omunye wemisebenzi enkulu UTolstoy

Indawo letigcamile kulesimo ifa bokubeka umbhali uthatha le ndaba. Mhlawumbe umsebenzi yokuqala, okuyinto eye wathi ngokwaso njengoba umbhali omkhulu uLeo Tolstoy - "Ukukhuluphala". Hhayi ngoba umfundi kuvula ukuqonda ezingafinyeleleki zezinkinga omdala sendoda encane, ngubani umuntu omdala abone izwe ahlala kulo, azizwa akusiyo lifihlakele okuhle nokubi, ukwethembeka kanye amanga. Lo mfundi ngemuva uNicholas, iya esikoleni amadala yakhe, hlaziya, futhi izenzo zabanye abantu, bafunde ukwamukela sezwe njengoba esibona ke.

Ikhono ukuzizwa umfana ngokuphuthumayo ngobuqili, ngokukhohlisa, imizwa yakhe mayelana lokuthi lezi zimfanelo alithandeki azibona yena, waphoqa umfundi ukubheka emuva ku eseyizingane sokuba ngiphinde ngicabange ngezenzo zabo. Nikolenka Asikwazi afunde ukuthanda abantu, hhayi nje abathokozelwa nguye uhlala, kodwa futhi labo bahlezi naye noma okuthize umxhwele lokho inhliziyo yengane yakhe. Futhi indaba ufundisa indlela ukuchitha ukuthi uthando. Ikhono bayiqonde kakhulu ukunikeza kulabo abangase bazame ukuqonda lo msebenzi, kanye temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba elincane wabhala uLeo Tolstoy yena - izindaba.

Izihloko Rasskazov Lva Nikolaevicha

Mayelana izilwane zasendle nezilwane ukuzilwela izingane obuhlakani nabadala abahlakaniphile. Hhayi okuningi kangaka izindaba yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane, lolu hlu kweshumi imisebenzi emine kuphela, eziningi zazo, njengoba sekushiwo, anhlobonhlobo abafundi engajwayelekile. inhlanhla Bekusele kancane nje ukuba kulolu hlobo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba esifushane ifa UTolstoy ngokuthi "Ngemva Ball", "Jump", "isigqebhezana mbumbulu", "Ukukhuluphala Amandla", "Ukukhuluma nge abedlula ngendlela," futhi-ke, lo mjikelezo "Sevastopol Stories".

umfutho obonakalayo ekulotshweni izindaba kubonakala 1905 kuya ku-1909 - the last emphilweni uLeo Tolstoy, wafa, njengoba wazi, ku 1910th. Kwabe sekuqala inkathi omkhulu yokuphila kwakhe yayizimisele nezinye izinhlobo kwezincwadi lapho endaweni izindaba Kalula nje wayengekho. Izindaba izingane, okuyinto ukukhuluma eceleni, njengoba izwe lezi imisebenzi Kugcizelela ne ukujula bayo, esihle enganeni yokuvela ngezindaba zokuphila, wakuchaza kanjani ukwakheka ubuntu bakhe. Le timu kuyabonakala lolu hlobo efana inganekwane Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo.

Iindatjana ezimayelana nezingane futhi izingane

Abavelele umbhali uthatha temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba izingane futhi ngabo. Trilogy "Ukukhuluphala. Ubusha. Youth "akuyona UTolstoy kungagcini imizamo ukufunda izindlela lapho kwakhiwa umuntu wesintu ugcwele kusuka ekuzalweni kuya ukungena lapho esekhulile. Tales "Bears Three", "ukukhuluma uMalume uSimoni wabizwa ngalokho naye ehlathini kwaba" futhi "Inkomo", kufakwe iqoqo "ABC okusha", benamandla uthando izingane nesihawu izinkinga zabo. Imisebenzi L. N. Tolstogo zibona zicebile izingane.

Indaba "Filippok" owazalwa observation ngokucophelela umlobi engenacala ongumlimi izingane ukuxhumana nabo. Leo njalo kwadingeka isikhathi sokuba abalimi ku impahla yakhe ngisho ukuvulelwa esikoleni izingane zabo. Futhi omunye izindaba yokuqala akunakubangelwa ingane, angabizwa ngokuthi obuncane inja Bulka, ukuzinikela kwakhe ukubelesela essence obuseduze kuphela - enkosini yayo. Kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, wayekhumbula esengumntwana Lev Tolstoy siqu sakhe futhi ukuthi wayefuna ukuthola 'namathela oluhlaza ", okusho ukuthi uzomsiza ukuba bonke emhlabeni bajabule.

Indawo lezinganekwane futhi inganekwane ngemisebenzi UTolstoy

Njengoba temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Ivana Andreevicha Krylova siyikhumbule kusukela izifundo ebuntwaneni ngolimi lwendabuko, futhi moralizing izinganekwane Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, elifakwe ukuziphatha okuhle.

• "Impisi ixhegu."
• "INgonyama futhi inja."
• "Crane futhi Stork".
• "Inhloko nomsila inyoka."
• "Weasel".
• "Inja futhi komthunzi walo."
• "Monkey futhi uphizi."
• "Squirrel kanye Wolf."
• "Leo, imbongolo kanye impungushe."
• "INgonyama kanye Mouse".

Lena ingxenye encane nje kuphela the izinganekwane ezidumile ukuthi ukugcwala imisebenzi emikhulu ekhuluma L. N. Tolstogo, ngubani sithanda. Ngokusebenzisa kuyinganekwane ukuthi abantu babemhleka ukuthi ayengayisebenzisa ayihlathulula ebantwini, nokuthi ngaye lwalungamukelekile: ukukhohlisa ngobuqili, isifiso sokulimaza nenzondo, meanness nokukhohlisa. Ukumelana zimfanelo ezaboniswa e temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba bakhe kwakungathandeki ngezinye izikhathi olungavikelekile, ivulekele ukuhlaselwa, futhi lokhu lovely nakakhulu. UTolstoy babekholelwa uma esebenza izingane netinsimu zabo ebhala esengeziwe nabo, ayikho indawo uyakuthethelela izenzo ezimbi, isidingo ezingabizi futhi kulula ukuchaza ukuthi "okuhle" futhi liyini 'okubi ". Futhi wayelokhu ekholelwa ukuthi izingane kukhona pretty smart nokuqonda nokuziphatha okuhle ngisondelene kakhudlwana iqiniso kunabantu abadala.

Ukuchitheka lothando kanye nesibopho - a zalo ezilihlukanisa ubuntu izinhlamvu UTolstoy

Wayeyisazi ukuthi wadala ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe uLeo Tolstoy - "Impi Nokuthula", "Anna Karenina", izindaba zakhe, izinganekwane, inganekwane futhi izindaba, khomba ngokuyinhloko ukuziphatha siqu. Asithwala phansi lonke njengoba lunjalo umqondo wemfundiso yabo yenkolo, nokuzula yabo engokwengqondo, futhi singabaze izinkolelo zabo futhi ubanikeza uhlamvu ngubani besho. Ngo eminye yemisebenzi yakhe bebungekho ngisho nomuzwa kancane amahlaya, futhi wonke umusho kuzo ukuthi ngokuqinile iqinisekisiwe, kahle ayicabangile. Wayevame rewrote lokho isivele ezinyatheliswa komagazini, deducing ekahle, ngokombono wakhe, umlingisi.

kuphakama ubuntu Bright phambi kwethu umfanekiso Konstantina Lovina e "Anna Karenina" nothando lwakhe kabuhlungu ngoba Kitty, futhi ezizwa ebophekile maqondana izinkolelo zabo. Inimitable futhi ngokubabazekayo Per Bezuhov ka "Impi Nokuthula", uNikolai Rostov ezathatha phezu izikweletu kayise hhayi njengoba ningadlanga yokuhlengwa zabo upeni isipho ngumkayo - Princess Bolkonskaya. Abaningi izinhlamvu zakhe zidlule ufulawa nezifiso yezenzo yangempela. Umbhali sihamba nabo ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwengqondo nokuboniswa onamandla nakakhulu nokuningi yinhlonipho. Lokhu kwaba emhlabeni yomlobi futhi siqu sakhe, uye asishiye, futhi uLeo Tolstoy. imisebenzi izingane - izindaba, inganekwane, izinganekwane, abadala - amanoveli, tindzaba letimfisha, umdlalo weshashalazi. Kubo wasipha blizak ngakho nemigwaqo.