Tale Mihaila Bulgakova "Inhliziyo ka Inja": ukubuyekezwa, nabalingiswa abasemqoka, izingcaphuno

Ngo-1988, izilaleli zasekhaya kuqala wabona isithombe uVladimir Bortko "Inhliziyo ka Inja." Izibuyekezo of the ifilimu bebelokhu ngomdlandla. Isikrini lithathelwe inoveli Bulgakov wabalekisela isiphepho enkulu. "Inhliziyo ka Inja", icaphuna okuyinto manje eyaziwa cishe wonke umuntu, ukudala i-movie lithathelwe ukufunda ezimbalwa. Ngemva kwesizini yencwadi waba saziso Ukufundwa uhlu wonke umuntu ohlakaniphile.

Izibuyekezo yokwakha kabusha

Uyini isizathu ukuthandwa kule noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja"? Izibuyekezo yokwakha kabusha ababekhona hhayi ingozi ngomdlandla. Inkulumo we isimo omubi nezimbangela zayo bebelokhu kakhulu nezokusigcoba nezinxushunxushu. Le ncwadi ibonisa Echoes of isimo alahlekile. In the Eighties sekwephuzile, lo ncwadi sachaza yonke indawo: nasezitimeleni, izitimela, ngesikhathi umsebenzi ikhefu futhi, njengoba kulindeleke, ngokuvumelana namasiko nezazi Soviet, ukuze emakhishini ezincane.

Izibuyekezo abafundi banamuhla

Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu, kuningi osekushintshile. Ngo bezibona abafundi kwakukhona shift abalulekile. Eziningana talking ezahlukene mayelana incwadi "Inhliziyo ka Inja." Uphenyo abafundi inoveli abasele ikakhulukazi omuhle. Izibuyekezo mayelana ncwadi kangangokuba kuba sobala ukuthi ukuhlobana indaba ekuguquleni inja mathupha elahlekile. Okuqukethwe kwanoma iliphi ukubuyekeza, Okwamanje, ishintshile. Ubuhlalu akakubangeli onjalo nokwedelelwa oshisekayo. Uprofesa monologues azizwa conservatism ngokweqile.

Lamagama ukuthi abalandeli ukucula kusuka phansi kufanele babandakanywe ku imisebenzi eqondile - okungukuthi, ukuhlanza izindlu zangasese, inikeza umfanekiso isimo lokwedelela abantu abavamile. Futhi akuseyona ziqondakala abafundi ngenkuthalo engako. Iyini imbangela ushintsho bezibona noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja"? abafundi lezivakashi ahlaziye kuhambisana ukuba incazelo izithombe main. Zingamashumi encwadini Bulgakov ogqamile kakhulu, eliphezulu umthamo futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi kuka kwakubonakala ekushoneni kwelanga abafundi nenkathi yamaSoviet.

ubuhlalu

"Inhliziyo ka Inja" - indaba ngendlela udokotela futhi isazi wacosha sivela esitaladini inja ehlangeni. Njengoba iphathwa abampofu indoda Krakow amasosishi walithatha inhliziyo yakhe, ukungena enhliziyweni nasengqondweni. Sekuvele okuthile noma unkulunkulu. Nokho, inja uye abe yisisulu isilingo. Genius, mkhulu, kodwa nakanjani songenangqondo.

experiment kuhlulekile

Kungani izinja yomuntu? Ukuze nibase Ubuhlalu scoundrel? Kodwa ngisho noma ukusebenza iye yasetshenziswa indlala pituitary akuyona wotshwala Klima Chugunkin, kodwa, isibonelo, Spinoza, uprofesa umsebenzi futhi kulokhu Bekuyoba ukungabi nangqondo. Umuntu abelethe yilowo nalowo wesifazane. Ngale nje kwalokho, wabeletha Mma University ekujuleni sifundazwe ubuhlakani indodana. Lona umbono we isimo. Nokho, wazwakalisa wakhe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ngaphambi efulethini elikhulu sekuba lokudlela.

Bulgakov "Inhliziyo ka Inja" kwalotshwa ngesikhathi lapho izwe ayenamandla Shvonder nokunye okunjalo. Bona wathatha isinyathelo esiwujuqu, ngoba babekholelwa ukuthi isimangaliso okuseduze. Magic Okwamanje okwenzekile. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ashanele amathrekhi tram bese unquma isiphetho Ragged angaphandle. Akukhona bakwazi ukuphatha izolo locksmith kultotdelom. Kuyiphutha ukwenza umuntu inja, yena utshalwe obuntu pituitary indlala futhi unikeza igama ibhola.

"Inhliziyo ka Inja" is ebuswa ezinokuthambekela uzwela ukuze upstarts, "songster", labo okufanele asolwe ulahlekile galoshes profesa. By endleleni, igama wathatha Sharikov ngokwayo, engesiyo ezithokozisayo filipp Filippovich. Igama isisulu sakhe futhi akabange iye yabangela esinokuduma intukuthelo. "Ngo-kuhhavini ke!" - Ithimba of uSolwazi uZiza, loJewushi bazi ukuthi lokhu ekhalendeni, okuyinto ukala phambi, ibhola wayefunde igama cacophonous ngakho.

namaqhawe

Yiziphi izinhlamvu eliyingqikithi inoveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja"? Izinhlamvu main - we isimo, Bormental amabhola. Indoda inhliziyo yenja e yakhe Uprofesa idayari umsizi wayebizwa ngokuthi "umuntu." Yimaphi amanye eside yayingase ibizwe ngokuthi inja izolo ngubani, ngalahlekelwa cishe umsila, baqala ichitha khona ulimi olungcolile ukudlala balalaika? Amabhola azivumelanise amaqiniso entsha isikhathi. Kuba "abanazo" Shvonder, uthola isikhundla "yokuhlanza".

Amabhola-Chugunkin yingxenye yesine yekhulu leminyaka edlule, abafundi elihlobene ne-esidlule naphumayo. Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo - emhlabeni olahlekile, okuyinto (ngakho ayefuna ukukukholelwa) maduze ngeke ibuyiselwe. Iminyaka baye babonisa owabhubhisa ngeke ibuyiselwe. abafundi Modern yokuthola iqiniso Polygraphovich alunakukubangela ukuzwelwa. Kepha, okungenani, sifanelwe isihawu.

Preobrazhensky nomsizi wakhe

Bulgakov "Inhliziyo ka Inja" yalotshwa isimo eduze ukuthi okuyinto lanqoba nineties ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule. Ngesikhathi le isimo futhi Bormental amasampula beqonda biko. Namuhla, abanye abafundi itjheje nesihluku Aesculapius maqondana lesigceme.

Abantu ne eyunivesithi like umkhondo wokuthi angalindela ini kusuka isidalwa silly ukuthi ngosuku lwesithathu tramping ngokusebenzisa doti, futhi izolo yabekwa humanization, ukuziphatha ezifanele. Nokho, kusukela ibhola futhi ngangingacabangi ukuthi ukwenza ilungu agcwele umphakathi we isimo. "Inhliziyo ka Inja" - indaba mayelana yi ezingalindelekile yokuhlola. UProfesa abanesifiso rejuvenation kuphela.

Thatha futhi wabelane!

Yini utshela ngobuningi kule noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja"? Izinhlamvu main kukhona lapho ephikisana. Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo futhi Bormental zidinga Sharikova ukuziphatha uyakufanelekela umphakathi wabo. inja noMbumbi baxinwe pituitary indlala oludakayo, akusho ukwamukela ukugxekwa. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kukhona enovelini "Inhliziyo ka Inja" ucaphuna isimo nebhola. Ezinye imishwana babé ezinamaphiko. Ikakhulukazi ekhumbulekayo mpendulwano steel ukuthi amaqhawe incwadi kukhona ekudleni.

Ukungazi Sharikova kusetshenziswa odokotela. Uma bekungelona isimangaliso-ukuhlolwa, babengeke bazithola etafuleni elifanayo nendoda owazi indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga zomnotho kuleli zwe kwelinye Shintshela ngokuwa. Ngaphambi kokufika yokuthola iqiniso Polygraphovich endlini lo profesa Zina neze waphuthuma kangaka fast ukuhlanza vodka etafuleni. Maid Preobrazhenskii ngaphambilini ashisiwe esithandweni "Ukuxhumana Engels Kautsky".

"Yebo, angikuthandi sabasebenzi"

Lokhu ibinzana kuye kwabangela injabulo ekhethekile ekupheleni abafundi Eighties. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Igama elithi "sabasebenzi" baminyana emphethweni, ngisho nezingane isigaba sabasebenzi. abafundi yanamuhla sizalelwe nineties, siyakwazi neze ukuqonda we kwemifanekiso professorial ukujula.

"Angiyena Aysedora Dunkan"

UJesu uguquka esinye isimo efulethini kukhona abantu isikhumba amajazi. Isizathu ukuvakashela choir lo profesa - inombolo ngokweqile amakamelo. Futhi lapha siqala inkhulumomphendvulwano ezishubile ezaba phakathi umninindlu amalungu behlakaniphile futhi kancane obucacile zhiltovarischestva.

Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngemva kokuwa likahulumeni waseSoviet, lapho bajabula anti-lamaKhomanisi kwashabalala kudala, abafundi ukubheka isimo ngomqondo ovulekile. Yebo, kwakhanya emhlabeni yesayensi. Yebo, kuyinto bokusungula, ngenxa yobuhle nokusikwa ubuntu oqinile, ezimele. Kodwa kukhona kuye okuthile umFilisti nesiminzi ojabulela ezibiyele clout. Nokho, encwadini kukhona isikhashana lapho ephawula lokhu iqhawe njengomuntu kwezifiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba "ukufa" Sharikova isimo futhi Bormental ukuchitha wonke kusihlwa ukuxoxa isiphetho obengeziwe yokuthola iqiniso. Umbhali akanikeli umfundi imininingwane ingxoxo. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi isimo ayikalungi ukuya ngecala kuphela Bormentalja. Hero futhi uthi ibinzana abahlakaniphile "ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele nokuguga ngezandla ezihlanzekile."

Terror ayiyifezi

Sici isimo kukhona amazwi akhe mayelana indlela yokwelashwa njengesidalwa eziphilayo. Terror, uthi lo profesa, ayikho into engenakwenzeka ukufeza. Uthi la mazwi ngokuqondene ukubukeka endlini Sharikov. Kodwa ziqukethe imibono yombhali ngezenzakalo zezombusazwe okuyinto ake azibona.

Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo uyaphenduka izenzo zakhe. Nje kwezinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuhlinzwa uyakuqonda lokho uyoba yini umphumela wokugcina ukuhlola.

Shvonder

Lokhu uhlamvu - a yesigaba sabasebenzi ejwayelekile. Indaba kusekelwe bokungafani. Umuntu okuphikisana ubudala esigcwele isithombe esisha. Umbhali, yebo, ku-ohlangothini isimo.

Shvonder uyaqiniseka ukuthi into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ekuphileni kwabantu mkhulu idokhumenti. Phela, lapho uke wazibona ukuthi umuntu oye wahlala ngaphandle esinikezwe imvume yokuba yisakhamuzi? izici Isici lokhu uhlamvu - ekunukubezweni, kunganakekile, imikhuba bureaucratic. Ngisho ngemva kokubuya amabhola ngefomu yabo evamile, akagcini futhi uyaqhubeka Okubelesela osolwazi.

Uyini umqondo kule noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja"? Isihloko sencwadi - la imiphumela emibi ukungenela imithetho yemvelo. Kodwa lezi zinkinga Awuboshezelwe umkhiqizo. Bulgakov kwaphakamisa izimpikiswano ngokuyinhloko yezenhlalakahle encwadini "Inhliziyo ka Inja."

Okwakushiwo ncwadi kungase kanje: ubudlelwane eziyinkimbinkimbi nongqondongqondo kanye sabasebenzi. Nokho, abagxeki abaningi, imicabango yabantu abaningi kangaka. Mayelana indaba ebhaliwe eningi izihloko. Kodwa ukuhlolwa eziyinhloko zomsebenzi kwezincwadi kumbhali zisekhona Izibuyekezo abafundi '. Futhi babe bangani ngencwadzi Bulgakov Okuwukuphela.