Thyroid goiter

Follicle namaseli EPITHELIAL - lawa Izingxenye eziyisisekelo kwesakhiwo obusebenzayo indlala yegilo. Isakhi esiyinhloko kuyinto Colloid amaprotheni - thyroglobulin. Egcekeni isihloko libhekisela glycoproteins. I biosynthesis kwama-hormone egilo futhi bahlale ngokwahlukana emgudwini wegazi ilawulwa thyrotropin anterior pituitary (TSH), ogama zamagama ziyashukumiseka futhi engasenamahloni ngu somatostatin tireoliberinom pituitary. Lapho lokuhlushwa iodine igazi yegilo i-hormone pituitary umsebenzi kuyehla kanye nokuntuleka - iyakhula. okuhlushwa ekhulile yemiphumela TSH kuphakamisa okhulisa izinqubo hhayi kuphela iodinated i-hormone biosynthesis, kodwa futhi ekubhebhetselisa noma Hyperplasia nodular of izicubu indlala yegilo.

Ukuxilongwa izifo yegilo senziwa usebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha, sokugembula kanye kwamakhemikhali kanye morphological. Okulandelayo isethwe okusekelwe idatha etholwe izifo: sendawo goiter, i-hypothyroidism, Graves 'disease ivame, goiter oqabukelayo, isimila Prostatic.

Graves 'disease ivame libhekene hypersecretion kwama-hormone egilo futhi hypertrophy ehlasela umzimba we indlala yegilo. Lokhu zokugula kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso zofuzo umlamuleli isifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba izitho omkhulu sitholwa njengefa. Avuse ukuthuthukiswa goiter izifo ezithathelwanayo (Umkhuhlane, parainfluenza, inflyuensa), pharyngitis, namathansela, encephalitis, ukucindezeleka, ukusetshenziswa eside iodine amalungiselelo. Isici ngoba lesi sifo ehlasela umzimba (ngezinye izikhathi engaphumi) ukwandisa yegilo cachexia.

Hashimoto libhekisela isifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba libhekene izilonda yegilo indlala, i-hormone zamagama sifo. Lokhu tireroidita ifomu libhekene zamagama kwehle hormone (triiodothyronine-thyroxine) kanye yegilo hypertrophy. Lokhu zokugula kungenzeka ukuba abhaliswe kubantu besifazane kunabesilisa.

goiter sendawo we indlala yegilo - isifo esingelapheki libhekene ukwanda nezindlala endocrine, ukwephulwa imisebenzi yayo, umzimba, iziyaluyalu amasistimu sezinzwa futhi senhliziyo. Ukuntula iodine synergists (zinc, cobalt, ithusi, manganese) kanye ngokweqile abamelene (calcium, Sesithombe, okuhola bromo, magnesium, insimbi, fluorine) neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo.

Ngaphandle iodine ukuthuthukiswa ukuntula goitre senziwa ukudla omningi imikhiqizo ejenti antithyroid (goitrogens). Kulokhu, it is asathuthuka goiter akunabo ubuthi we indlala yegilo. Isikhathi eside iodine ukuntula synthesis T3 ne-T4 sinciphile. Ngenxa yalezi zinguquko kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni izindlela compensatory zihlanganisa, ngokukhethekile, kukhuphuke uketshezi of TSH ekuthuthukiseni wendlala Hyperplasia (parenchymal goiter yegilo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, adsorption sithuthukiswe iodine by indlala yegilo (izikhathi 4-8) kwandisa T3 ne-hormone okuthiwa zamagama, umsebenzi begazi okuyinto 5-10 ephakeme izikhathi kunobukaJohane thyroxine. Ngo izindlela compensatory esizayo musa ukususa ngokugcwele imiphumela eyingozi yesikhathi eside iodine ukuntula. Indlala endocrine atrophied izicubu yezindlala, izinhlumba akhiwa, adenoma, ngenkathi ekuthuthukiseni ezicutshini ukuthi siqhamuka thymus hypertrophy we indlala yegilo. Lapho sitholakele "yegilo goiter" siyabhubha lipid, ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, futhi amavithamini namaminerali umzimba.