Su-34: incazelo kanye Ukucaciswa. zezindiza wezempi

Lena njenge-Interceptor webhomu. Anakho isidlaliso olungekho emthethweni "Duck" ekhiqizwa ngenxa ifomu ezithile umnsalo. Kuze kube muva nje thina akubhala ngaye izinto zokwakha kancane, kodwa manje iziteshi izindaba zivame ukuthi esibhakabhakeni yaseSiriya Su-34 futhi Su-24M lisetshenziswa ephezulu ukucacisa iziteleka emigceni zokuxhumana, indlunkulu nezikhali isimo amaphekula LIH. Kungaba wagomela ukuthi lezi ekuhlaseleni front-line baye ngibe usaziwayo. On omunye wabo uyoba indaba.

Umlando prototype

Izidingo kuya Interceptor futhi webhomu Tactical ezahlukene ngisho kancane alizimele. Nokho, abenzi bezindiza Soviet usunolwazi oluhle kakade ezinguquko fighter aircraft e lokushaya. Adume "pawn" - Pe-2 - ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi uJesu wazalwa iwele-injini fighter esindayo kokuwa. Defense idinga "repurpose" kube webhomu dive, ngisho kabusha beyibonakala eziyinkinga, sasiwumsebenzi kahle. Kwenzeka into ethi ayifane ne Interceptor Su-27. Ngo-1986, Sukhoi waqala ukusebenza phezu ukukhinyabezeka kwayo ukuguqulwa, wathola T-10B, ukuze uqaphele, ekugcineni, umqondo jikelele "kuhlasela izindiza" ithwale sina ukulwa umthwalo umsebenzi enkundleni yempi futhi has lobubhalo okwanele ukulwa emuva isitha izindiza. Ngo inqubo design abaklami, kwaba sobala ukuthi ezivamile ezihlukanisa amahhovisi "Spark" asifanele le njongo. into esemqoka kwenziwe ngo-1990: a ekhaleni entsha edumile "uqhwaku wedada". Maphakathi nawo-nineties, le Su-34 iye yazuza igama layo esemthethweni (wayekade wavakashela ne-T-10B-5 kanye Su-32FN). Kodwa akazange zamukele ngokusemthethweni kuphela ngo-2014.

umehluko obonakalayo

Ngaphandle izindiza ukulwa Su-34 kuyafana "ukhokho" walo we Su-27, okungenani ekude. A ukucwaningwa okuningiliziwe kokulandisa ngisho esontweni ukubamba ezinye okusobala iso. Umnsalo we-pilot enwetshiwe ahlale ndawonye, kunokuba enye ngemva kwenye, kakhulu nonamandla kunawo wonke steel kokwehla gear, futhi-ke, ekhaleni. Uma uthi nhlá, ngokuvamile, futhi zonke. Ngo matemu, lokhu kusho ukuthi i-design isisekelo walala glider Interceptor Su-27 libhekene njengendlela dvuhkilevoe design evamile sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza nge zommbila zonke ezinyakaza. Hhayi sobala ngokushesha engaqaliwe iso ukunwebeka (njengoba kuqhathaniswa ne-prototype) nokuwohloka empandeni iphiko, angahlelekile emoyeni isibalo, akukho amaphiko ventral kanye nekwenyusa linani lalabo hardpoints zangaphandle. Ukuze zonke ukufana yayo nge Interceptor Su-34 - a webhomu Tactical futhi ngokunjalo, kumele umthwalo nakude kunamazwi prototype yayo.

gumbi

Manje izinguquko design zingaxazululwa kabanzi. Okokuqala thina sizogxila ezisobala kakhulu imininingwane ukubukeka. Cockpit Su-34 kabili, nomnyango walo Kwenziwa eyakhelwe okuncane abuts onqenqemeni engenhla dweba elitholakala ngemva umnsalo enezinto adala. Lokhu lula kakhulu inqubo zokweboleka umshayeli Itilosi lezihlalo yabo. Amatilosi ngesikhathi indiza unikezwa wonke izimo ezidingekile habitability ukhululekile, khuhlangene nokudla Ukushisa kudivayisi, cleaner igabha nedivayisi Cesspool. Uma umuntu ecabanga namapilot wahlala, afike phezulu kulungele - isikhala lena ngempela ngokwanele.

Kodwa Su-34 akuyona nje ukhululekile futhi ergonomic. nezisebenzi Sukhoi anakekela Ukuvikelwa: kuba titanium bronekapsuly ekhethekile kabani ukusebenza isivele ihlolwe in practice. Emhlabeni ubuchwepheshe obufanayo elisetshenziswa ukuklanywa Su-25 kuhlasela izindiza. lantern ezicwebezelisiwe nokunokwethenjelwa armored.

izinjini

Izinhlobo ezimbili injini turbofan AL-31F nge dlula isilinganiso elilingana 0,571, bathuthukise ukwelula amathani 12.5 ngamunye, kodwa afterburning ungakwazi ukwengeza enye kg 300.

Ngokuvamile, amandla Phiko kuyafana Su-27. Mhlawumbe lokhu akukona sibalo esikhulu kangaka, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuthi singakanani isisindo indiza Su-34. Nokho, VKS Russian Federation, bakholelwa ukuthi amandla anele ukuqhudelana esibhakabhakeni ne-American F-15, wadala ukuxazulula ezinye izabelo efanayo. Kukhona futhi ongakhetha izinjini ezifana AL-35F, afterburner zemfundo 14 amathani wagxila.

On-ibhodi electronics

I Su-34 ifakwe Avionics entsha ngokuphelele, okuyinto uyakucabangela nezidingo enokwethenjelwa (ngenxa kuyendlulela) futhi ivumela okukhipha elitsheni ngokuzenzakalelayo, besebenzisa imishini satellite isiqondiso. Ukuthola uhla (ngisho izinto ezincane) safinyelela 250 km. Lokhu kusebenza ukucinga ngwenya (ngisho noma kuphela ephakanyiswe periscopes yabo), ukukhalipha, ekutholeni amanzi ezindaweni yafakwa amabhomu agqitshwayo, nokunye. N. Njengoba lezinkinga tekusebenta oqondile sokukhomba phezu yempi ke lena okubonisa phezu somoya kanye nesigqoko sokuzivikela-agibele amahhashi ukulawula umlilo "amehlo" ezingaba kakhulu ukunciphisa isikhathi ngesinqumo. ibanga okunjalo ububanzi kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngesivinini zekhompyutha isizinda.

uhlelo fuel

Ukwandisa uhla indiza uphethiloli ngaphezulu. tank amane (ezintathu ngaphakathi fuselage futhi Iphiko lelinye), futhi ohlelweni emoyeni refueling ukudala izimo sokuhlasela akhatshana elikude, okuletha kungenzeka amasampula amasu Su-34. A bar ngokuhambisa ezimbili, ziklanyelwe ukusebenza komoya emathangini avuzayo Il-76 nezinye refueling, le kwezikhali we Russian Federation ezokuxhumana ezinjenge-skype. Futhi, okwandisa ububanzi ukundiza ukumiswa ikhuthaza ukuthi kungenzeka amathangi zangaphandle edelelwa emuva ukusuka.

iqembu le-yensindiso

Abashayeli fuza bo dawo! Ngokusebenzisa kummango ephansi, edabula igebe phambili edeskini, futhi kuba aphume indiza lapho indiza yaphela kungabanga nankinga. Ukuhlengwa kwenziwe ngendlela evamile, phezulu, futhi ijubane futhi ukuphakama akudingeki amagugu. Ngosizo ejection izihlalo K-36DM eziphuthumayo yokuphunyuka indiza ephephile ngokwanele, ilungu iqembu ngalinye has a eziphuthumayo ephathekayo, ifakwe umsakazo beacon, ukuphila isihlenga, kuqala zosizo, ukudla kanye nezinye izindlela zokuziphilisa ngemva kokwehla. Uma indiza ukuphila okuvamile kuqinisekiswa antigravity coveralls, nezigqoko, namabhantshi zokuzivikela kanye nowe-oxygen Reserve.

chassis

Ukwandisa isisindo Take-off ukuthi isuke ibangelwa izidingo ezikhethekile ze-chassis entsha - ke isibe ezinamandla kakhudlwana, ukuthutha-hlobo. umonakalo Okungenzeka uma kwenzeka ngokugcwele empini, zezindiza of airfields futhi isimo main kwaba isimo sezwe ngenxa Su-34 nama-site kancane lelungiselelwe.

Ukufika entsha esemqoka baba bulkier kuqhathaniswa Su-27, okuyinto edingekayo isikhala ezengeziwe fuselage. Yingakho umoya isibalo nokukhanda lula.

izikhali

Ukuze ihlanganise ezihlukahlukene izikhali izinhlelo, kukhona ezintathu node ventral ukumiswa zangaphandle nesishiyagalombili underwing. Ngaphandle kwabo, it has a esakhelwe webhomu inganono osezingeni 30 mm GS-301 hlobo. Ngakho indlela cabanga zonke izindlela ezingakhona sokuthuthukiswa imvelo tekusebenta akunakwenzeka, futhi wanikeza esebenzisa umoya ukulwa. Ukuze anqobe izindiza isitha ku iziphanyeko kungenzeka ezicitshwayo kuze kube nambili "umoya-to-air" uhlobo P-27 yesikhathi eside noma medium-8 (P-77) noma ongaphakeme (P-73). Kodwa ngeke kuqhubeke isikhathi dogfighting ngokuyisisekelo wadala edume Su-34. isikhali Anhlobonhlobo ngokunemba high kuthinta phansi amatshe. Lokhu ezinamaphiko X-59M (3 PC.), Futhi ezivamile anti-umkhumbi kweminsalo, waqondisa amabhomu unguided (fougasses kusukela kg 100 500) futhi Nursaya e amakhasethi.

izici

Ubukhulu ngokuvamile cishe iyafana ukuthi we Su-27 (14.7 m - namaphiko, 22 m - ubude mayelana 6 m - ukuphakama). Jwayelekile ukusuka isisindo - amathani 39, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunaleyo eyenziwa Interceptor laba nzima, kodwa esingaphansi iningi ekuhlaseleni wezindlela. Nokho, kungase idlule 44 m at umthwalo esiphezulu. Indiza ungakwazi ukufinyelela isivinini 900 km / h endaweni engamamitha ayizinkulungwane 11. Futhi 1400 km / h phezulu. Combat uhla kusuka 600 kuya 1130 km, kuye ngokuthi inani uphethiloli kanye yezikhali, isikebhe ibanga ifinyelela 4500 km. Ceiling (Practical) - 17 eziyinkulungwane. Inani esiphezulu yokusebenza ngokweqile ihlangabezana Interceptor ezikwazi - 7 g.

isipiliyoni ukulwa

Kuphela ekuhlaziyweni iziqephu iqhaza ngqo ezimpini ethize wezempi anganika isithombe kweqiniso ka ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo, esesikhundleni belwa Su-34. Imininingwane ngokwabo bathi eziningi, kodwa, njengoba lokhu webhomu ukuthekelisa awulethiwe, omahlulelayo kuphela abashayeli bezindiza Russian futhi libuyekeza imiphumela yezenzo zakhe esimweni sangempela. Nokho, phakathi ukusebenza eNingizimu Ossetic we Su-34 lisusiwe iziteleka umlilo oqondile, zinomthelela omkhulu nokucindezela umsebenzi Georgian izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela, ukudala Jamming electronic, disorient kubo. Ngenxa yalesi okokuqala umkhuba lalisetshenziswa EW compact "Khibiny", efakwe hardpoints zangaphandle.

Kusukela ekuqaleni ezempi ensimini ka-RAA Russian zezindiza iqembu kwadingeka e oyiyo eziyisithupha Su-34 ekuhlaseleni, okuyinto ngalesi sikhathi asetshenziselwa injongo yabo ehlosiwe, okungukuthi ukuba afeze ukuhlaselwa nokusetshenziswa ephezulu ukunemba izikhali. Emkhakheni Raqqa futhi Madan Jadida bahamba bayocekela phansi umyalo okuthunyelwe, izikhungo zokuxhumana, izinqolobane, ukuqeqeshwa emakamu enye inqalasizinda ye isimo amaphekula yempi. Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi izindiza baqhubeka, futhi, cishe, ngeke ukwandisa ijubane. Lokhu kucatshangwa lisuselwe ekusebenzeni okusezingeni eliphezulu okwaboniswa SU-34. Njengamanje, inombolo yabo eMpumalanga Ephakathi yaseshashalazini imisebenzi kwandile kweshumi.

isimo Real futhi izinhlelo

Namuhla inani Su-34, ehlanganisa ku izingalo ezokuxhumana ezinjenge-skype, akuyona amayunithi esingaphansi 83. Kulezi onobuhle ukukhiqizwa - 75, futhi abangu-8 isetshenziselwe ukulungisa iphutha nokuhlolwa. Ikakhulukazi, ekuhlaseleni ezine maphakathi indiza yokuhlola wabo. Chkalov ku Astrakhan esifundeni (Akhtubinsk). I ekhona amayunithi lempi (regiments) ezweni lonke - kusukela Murmansk eRostov futhi basuka eKhabarovsk ukuba Voronezh - lezi izindiza ayingxenye amayunithi okuxubile. Ngokusho inkontileka esayinwe eMnyango Wezokuvikela ngo-2008, le ndaba kwakulindeleke ukuthi unikeze amayunithi 32 engamaphesenti ruble ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane 33, lapho kubonakala lingahunyushwa baphetha ukuthi, kangakanani iyona Su-34 (kancane angaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane ngamunye). Ngo-2008, i-oda kukhuphuke ngo eminye 92 webhomu. isizinda Production isibe Novosibirsk Aircraft Plant (Napo). Okwamanje wahlela yomugqa ukukhiqizwa imishini, okuyinto kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko.

Eminyakeni ezayo ezingasho eziqinile kodwa ephelelwe yisikhathi Su-24 ibutho uzosusa Su-34. izici Technical imodeli entsha ekuhambisaneni nale migomo ye "lesine ezimbili plus" isizukulwane ozoqinisekisa kuye inkonzo eside e Russian Air Force.