Smear gynecological: ukuhlaziya okulotshiweyo

Nezilwanyana ezincane emomozini - flora lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, nomzimba, ebheka impilo yowesifazane. Ukuze ucwaningo yayo ukuthatha smear izifo zabesifazane, lapho emagama of lactobacilli evamile kufanele BUSA microflora pathogenic e sangasese.

preliminaries

Ngaphambi ngokwedlulele noma yiluphi ucwaningo kudingekile ukulungisa:

• ezinsukwini ezingu-14 ngaphambi kwesifundo akazange athathe imithi elwa namagciwane;
• izinsuku ezintathu - hhayi ukwethula lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane amalungiselelo kokuba umuthi, isinqandakuvunda futhi elwa namagciwane izakhiwo;
• kwezinsuku ezimbili - azange abe nobuhlobo bobulili;
• usuku ngaphambi uya kudokotela akathathanga okugeza;
• hhayi douche;
• ngaphambi uya kudokotela ukuqhuba umthondo inhlanzeko;
• amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokuba inqubo hhayi ukuba athululele isinye;
• abayi ukuyohlolwa esesikhathini.

Endabeni zokwelapha unomphela, abesifazane kufanele ukhulume nodokotela babo futhi nisho lokho imithi uthatha.

Ukwehluleka ukulandela le mithetho elula ngeke baphendukezele imiphumela, okuyinto yena, sizothinta sitholakele isifo. Bonke abesifazane, kuyatuseka ukuba kudlule test bacteriological njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Fence izinto eziphilayo azithathe

Ukuze ukuziphatha cwaningo kanye nokuchazwa izifo zabesifazane smear othathwe urethra, wesibeletho kanye lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane izindonga. Hlola microflora futhi ukucacisa ubumsulwa.

Ukususwa nto eyenziwa nge spatula noma insingo ekhethekile futhi agcinwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa nesondlo;
• ngihlolwa;
• Izikhalazo Abesifazane: evutha ukuzwa nesitho sangasese ukulunywa, ubuhlungu endaweni pubic, ukukhethwa.

Ukuthatha smear ezivamile izifo zabesifazane (okulotshiweyo ngezansi), e-speculum emomozini sowesifazane yethulwa, ngokusebenzisa olubonakala wesibeletho nezindonga lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Amantombazane nabesifazane abangenayo ubuhlobo bobulili (izintombi), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu mdala, leli thuluzi alisetshenziswa.

smear gynecological: okulotshiweyo. kwezinkambiso

Esikhathini insikazi uhlelo urogenital ngokuvamile iqukethe zinhlobo mayelana 40 ezahlukene ezincane, eziningi zazo - lactobacilli. owesifazane enempilo evamile kuchazwe kuze kufinyelele 95% acidosis acid amagciwane. Acidosis acid e sangasese izisekelo esidi imvelo futhi ngokushesha suppresses Amagciwane. Enye ingxenye ye izitshalo - ke Klebsiella, E. coli, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Gardnerella, mirokokki, peptostreptokokki, eubacteria nabanye. Ngendlela Ayamukelayo Khetha inombolo okungenani Candida isikhunta.

Izizathu ngeziphambeko kusukela kuyinsakavukela

Kwezinye izimo, amasosha omzimba kuyehla (menopause sokukhulelwa noma ezinye ukwehluleka hormone, nezimo ezicindezelayo), kulesi simo, udokotela wakho angase linqume smear izifo zabesifazane ku izitshalo ezivamile. Sokuqonda ke imibukiso kanjani ushintsho inani amalungu amagciwane. microflora Jwayelekile kuyehla, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kukhuphuke ezifweni yizifo umthondo ngokwandisa Amagciwane ezingosomathuba: Streptococcus, E. coli, staphylococci. Nge uhlelo ababuthakathaka mzimba, Amagciwane wande ngesilinganiso okusheshayo, futhi ngenkuthalo ukucindezela yobisi nezilwanyana ezincane. Ngenxa yalokho zokugula ekuthuthukiseni: gardenelez, candidiasis noma dysbiosis lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, elibangela:

• ukuvuvukala izinto ezihlobene, futhi kwesibeletho;
• ukhulela ethunjini;
• ukuzalwa umntwana ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
• kwesisu;
• nenzalo.

Iyini injongo ebekiwe ukuhlaziywa

Ucwaningo ukuqaqwa smear izifo zabesifazane ivumela ukuxilonga izifo ezihlukahlukene zobulili sphere abesifazane, kanye ukuhlola ukungcoliswa microbial, ukuthi yakheke kanjani qualitative ambalwa of nezilwanyana ezincane, isimo kwezicubu EPITHELIAL sangasese, khona izinqubo ukuvuvukala. Lolu hlobo cwaningo libizwa indinganiso egolide ukuthola vaginosis virus.

dysbacteriosis lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane: sezizathu ezinkulu

Uma kwenzeka ususithathile gynecologic smear kanye sokuqonda ukuthi kubonisa khona dysbiosis, kungase kube nezizathu okulandelayo:

• ukungalingani hormone (inani elincane estrogen);
• isifo umzimba;
• kwesikhathi eside ngokwanele kwemithi elwa namagciwane ezibanzi-spectrum;
• amaphutha inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu ye umthondo.

imiphumela yokuhlaziya

Ngo-laboratory, izinhlangano wezokwelapha zihlola i-smear izifo zabesifazane. Okulotshiweyo:

• Leukocyte. Ukuze kuyinsakavukela wesibeletho kuyinto khona kule nkambu Ngenxa amaseli-30, i-urethra - ngaphakathi 5 kuya emomozini - akukho kuka 10. Inani elincane amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ukuvikela angempela ezitho zobulili, futhi ukukhula kwabo kubonisa khona ukuvuvukala: urethritis, lezinkinobho, cervicitis. Endabeni esigabeni okukhulu ukuvuvukala leukocyte ukubala amaseli ngaphezu kuka-100s emkhakheni umbono.
• Slime. Lesi sibalo evamile, uma kungekho ku urethra (urethritis), isilinganiso esincane nje isikhwehlela e sangasese eyamukelekayo. Esesikhathini, bavunyelwe khona yayo wesibeletho kwesibeletho. Phezu ukuthola isikhwehlela ukuvuvukala kule urethra okusolwa .
• amaseli EPITHELIAL, okuyinto evamile kufanele kube kungekho kuka 15. sangasese - squamous epithelium e umsele wesibeletho - amaseli cylindrical we epithelium. Uma une smear izifo zabesifazane kanye ukuqaqa lalibonisa khona epithelium ngenhla evamile liwubufakazi izinqubo oyingozi noma ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala kule izitho zangasese.
• Nezilwanyana ezincane. Sangasese kuyinto evamile khona: flora coccal kwabesifazane ngesikhathi menopause futhi amantombazane angakakhuli kahle safinyelela sokuthomba; Lactobacilli - e nabesifazane asebeneminyaka efanele yobudala zokuzala. Wesibeletho amagciwane kufanele kakhulu esingaphansi sangasese. Microflora ku urethra kufanele ingabi. Uma kukhona flora pathogenic noma ngokwemibandela pathogenic, ama-bacterium overgrowth lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukuxilonga ukuvuvukala.
• Trichomonas, gonococcus, amaseli ukhiye, lo ukuthola of okubandakanya lezi zifo ezilandelayo: trichomoniasis, isipatsholo, vaginosis virus. Ngokuvamile, akufanele kube.
• Lesi sikhunta Candida. Thola mycelium nembewu. Kwakamuva lokucabanga ukuthutha yalolu hlobo ukhunta, futhi kungaba khona abesifazane ngokusobala enempilo. Ukubukeka mycelium kusho ukuthi abesifazane esigabeni asebenzayo yenqubo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa candidiasis, noma thrush.

Uhlanzekile smear izifo zabesifazane: okulotshiweyo

Ngokwe-degree of msulwa ngokuqamba amanga izifo zabesifazane, futhi kukhona ezine kuphela, ukucacisa khona ukuvuvukala emzimbeni yabesifazane:

• Okokuqala. Lokhu degree of msulwa itholakala imikhakha emibili: okunempilo abesifazane (akukho chronic acute ukuvuvukala izifo esithweni) futhi amantombazane abangekho sebeke baya ocansini. Izinkomba: isamba elanele lactobacilli, isitho sangasese somuntu wesifazane pH-esidi, leukocyte 0-5.
• Okwesibili. yokwelapha aluboniswa salokhu degree of msulwa. Kunconywe izinyathelo ukuze ngcono isimo somzimba sokuzivikela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo ukuvuvukala. Izinkomba: kutshalwe okuxubile flora yesitho sowesifazane sangasese (samanje njengoba amagciwane evamile futhi pathogenic), isitho sangasese somuntu wesifazane pH-esidi, leukocyte emihlanu - eziyishumi ne isikhwehlela flat kwezicubu EPITHELIAL esesilinganisweni.
• Okwesithathu - lokhu kusho ukuthi zangasese owesifazane kukhona ukuvuvukala, futhi zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Izinkomba: Lactobacillus cishe lingekho microflora ekuphikisweni ngokunamandla kanye nenani lenyuka of epithelium amaseli, wavuma pH esidi noma ane-alikhali sangasese.
• Eyesine degree - izinga eliphezulu ingozi. Ngokusho imiphumela laboratory ivivinya udokotela ekunika kokuxilongwa ezengeziwe ukuze aqede izingozi, kuhlanganise nesifo somdlavuza umthondo zesifazane. Izinkomba: Lactobacillus elingahlwanyelwa, ane-alikhali pH microflora sowesifazane sangasese pathogenic ngokugcwele, inani elikhulu leukocyte.

smear gynecological futhi ukususa ukubhala phezu flora ivumela kusaqalwa isifo ukuxilonga, linqume ukwelashwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi futhi ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa inqubo ezingamahlalakhona.

Smear ku izitshalo ekukhulelweni

Lokhu kuhlaziya abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthatha uma ubhalisa emitholampilo ngaphambi kokubeletha, kanye term amaviki 30 no-38 ubudala ukuze ukulawula degree of msulwa sangasese phakathi nokukhulelwa.

Abesifazane uhlela ingane Kunconywa ukuba ukuzinakekela, futhi impilo esizayo umntwana, futhi ukuze bayinikele ku-kusolwa sokukhulelwa smear izifo zabesifazane ku flora. Incazelo: Kulungile 95% yawo wonke amabhaktheriya - Lactobacillus 5% - lokhu flora ngentuba, okungadingi asakaze e medium ene-asidi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, lapho i-pH usekhuluma ngase imvelo ane-alikhali, ama-bacterium uqale ukwanda ngenkuthalo. Esinye isizathu sokuba izinguquko microflora okungukuthi sokukhulelwa.

Phakathi nesikhathi bephethe ingane omunye wesifazane hormone. Kwenzeka ukukhiqizwa kakhudlwana progesterone kwama-hormone i-estrogen - inombolo ubuncane. Ngenxa yalesi kabusha inombolo umzimba Doderlein izinduku (lactobacilli) anda cishe kayishumi ngesikhathi bekhulelwe ukuze kuvikelwe umbungu ezifweni.

Ngakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi uhlela ukukhulelwa kudlule ukuhlolwa laboratory edingekile futhi uthole imibhalo izifo zabesifazane smear ukuhlaziywa, kuhlanganise degree of msulwa sangasese. Kungenjalo kunemibandela flora pathogenic uzothola push ukwenza kusebenze navusa ezihlukahlukene nezifo. Ezinye izifo: vaginosis webhaktheriya, isipatsholo, trichomoniasis - athambise kuphinde kwehlise izinga izindonga sangasese ngesikhathi ukuzalwa komntwana kungaba izikhala.

Cytomorphological smear ukuhlaziywa

Lolu hlobo cwaningo okungukuthi ebekiwe emva Wamiswa njengoba izifo zabesifazane smear ku flora. Kulungiswa (evamile noma sokugembula) Imiphumela intando usizo olunembile uphethwe. Nale nokuhlaziywa zembula Oncology noma wesibeletho dysplasia, Papillomavirus ukutheleleka. amaseli Biomaterial atypical othathwe urethra futhi wesibeletho, ukumshumayeza lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Izinhlobo eziningana abahlukene imivimbo:

• Uhlobo 1 kusho ukuthi isimo wesibeletho kuyinto evamile.
• Uhlobo 2 - iyona khona yisihlungu noma awe dysplasia omnene. Kulokhu, lo dokotela linqume izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala, futhi ngemva uze uwaqede yokwelashwa reanalysis ngoba Cytology.
• Uhlobo 3 - lumakwe noma dysplasia ngokulinganisela. Phezu kokuthola yi ebekiwe luhlolo ezengeziwe, okungukuthi, izicubu biopsy wesibeletho kanye Cytomorphological nophenyo, colposcopy, ngawo ukuhlonza izilonda kwezicubu EPITHELIAL, indawo yabo futhi uhlamvu.
• Uhlobo 4 libhekene njengoba isimo precancerous. Njenganoma uhlobo lwesithathu, Kunconywa udokotela omusha ukuxilongwa kanye nomdlavuza ukubonisana.
• Uhlobo 5 - umdlavuza. Zonke izivivinyo kanye ukwelashwa ithatha indawo isikhungo sezokwelapha ezikhethekile.

Ukulungiselela Cytology

okuqukethwe Imininingwane nokunemba yi incike ukulungiselela efanele:

• ukudlula ukuhlaziywa kuze ngosuku lwesihlanu esikhathini izinsuku ezingama ezinhlanu ngaphambi olandelayo esikhathini;
• 24 amahora ngaphambi izibonelo zalokho biomaterial hhayi letiphakanyisiwe ngomthamo, okubala zokuvimbela inzalo;
• okungenani usuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa kudokotela kufanele bengahlanganyeli ubulili.

isiphetho

Ngakho, smear izifo zabesifazane ku flora (ngokulotshiweyo okuyinto oboniswe ngenhla), kanye Cytology smear wembula izifo ezihlukahlukene insikazi uhlelo zokuzala kanye therapy ebekiwe kahle kunikeza ithuba elikhulu for ukululama okusheshayo.