Sizama ukuphendula umbuzo yini umsuka-cuneiform imifanekiso

Uyini-cuneiform, namuhla azi ezimbalwa, njengoba umthetho, Ochwepheshe ewumngcingo emkhakheni isiko kanye nomlando kolimi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, sibonga we-cuneiform, sinekhono lokubonisa ukurekhoda imicabango yabo futhi amazwi ephepheni. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuphendula umbuzo yini umsuka-cuneiform imifanekiso.

Uyini-cuneiform?

we-cuneiform khona oluthile lokubhala lapho izinti ngensimbi ngokukhethekile ezibhebheni zobumba abangu imali abanye amapuleti lasendulo.

Njengoba uhlobo izincwadi ze-cuneiform ludabuka ezindaweni isiko nesi. Lokhu kwavumela ekudluliseni ulwazi ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kanye nomthelela yokuthi izwe selithathe isikhundla okuholela endulo.

Futhi, abavubukuli baye bathola izinhlobo eziningana izinhlamvu lasendulo, afana umbhalo we-cuneiform. Lokhu-cuneiform Persian, okubizwa ngokuthi Ugarit, futhi Cypro-Minoan syllabary.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke ye-cuneiform izwe

Ukuphendula umbuzo ngalokho kusukelaphi-cuneiform izithonjana ukuze uhlole isimo nekubhala isiko edume kakhulu futhi kahle wafunda nesi-waseBhabhiloni.

I nezibhebhe ze-cuneiform lokuqala kuleli zwe, aziwa ososayensi yesimanje, bahlehlela emuva 3500 BC. e.

Phakathi imifula Tiger ne-Ewufrathe uye kuxazululwe zonke nesi umbuso ezaziwayo. Kwaba isimo labantu emzini iqoqo imithetho yayo, nge isiko ocebile lwezincwadi ezakha ezibhebheni zobumba.

On lezi amaphilisi siqophe ulwazi ahlukene: umanduleli kwemithetho ozwakalako yasendlini.

Icons ngokwabo kakhulu ukubaluleka wawusondelene izinhlamvu. Nokho, baye kakade esiqokiwe inhlanganisela ethile lwamazwi ezinemibandela aminingi ukudlula hieroglyphs baseGibhithe lasendulo.

Umbono ngemvelaphi-cuneiform lokubhala imifanekiso

Umsuka wegama imifanekiso ye-cuneiform eMesophothamiya has imibono eyayisinesikhathi eziningana. Ngokusho komunye yibo ezivamile, kwakukhona umbhalo we-cuneiform imifanekiso kanje.

Abanikazi Holdings ezinkulu zezolimo kanye lamadlelo kwadingeka ukugcina amarekhodi azo impahla yabo. Ukuze lolu bumba, okuyinto zazandile lezo zindawo, wenza imifanekiso okhethekileyo, obizwa ngokuthi amathokheni okuqinisekisa. Amathokheni abangu olubunjiwe ngesimo izilwane noma izinkukhu, kanye ngesimo okusanhlamvu, amaqanda, njll

Amathokheni kwamiswa esitsheni sebumba, ukuthi uphawu ngophawu siqu kwezinkulungwane zebandla, ngoba nje engaba ukufinyelela lolu lwazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa ekuthuthukeni kwabantu, kwakukhona ngokwezifiso ukudweba uphawu okunemibandela lezi amathokheni phezu kwesembozo somphongolo esitsheni sobumba, futhi isitsha sasibunjwa futhi kwashintsha yaphenduka elula sobumba.

Ushintshe i nesitayela imifanekiso. Uma babengazange umlingisi i imitative futhi acishe afane nalawo kwezilwane, okuyinto libonisa ukuthi manje enzelwe probation futhi schematically esebenzisa abenze bafane odakeni fresh noma usebenzisa ekhethekile lokubhala inki induku.

Ngakho, siyakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kusukelaphi-cuneiform imifanekiso, kungcono isithonjana wangaphambili.

Ixhuma Pictograms ezimbili ezihlukene wanika igama elisha. Ngakho lapho ideography nokusebenzisa izimpawu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma akuhlanganisileyo ezimbili Izimpawu ngoba iqanda yenkukhu, kwakusho "wenzalo nenhlalakahle." Cuneiform kwakunemibhalo eqoshiwe uvumele bha ukuba sicabangele isici enjalo.

By the way, ukubhala nge-cuneiform, okuyinto eyaphakama isiko nesi, yasheshe eMpumalanga Ephakathi, ngokungafani kuya Chinese hieroglyphs waseGibhithe. izimpawu ze-cuneiform babe lula ukukuqonda, benza kube lula ukuba bakhumbule futhi babhale. Ngakho namuhla ungafunda ngempela inqwaba ezibhebheni zobumba nalezi amarekhodi.

Izazi zanamuhla bakholelwa ukuthi lo mbhalo we-cuneiform nesi zazithonya ezithile lokubhala waseFenike, okuyinto yena, wathonya ukudalwa zamagama lasendulo ngesiGreki, okuyinto uhlobo ngukhokho zezilimi zezwe.

Nokho, kamuva lolu hlobo lokubhala lulahlekile. Sekuyisikhathi eside wamqamekela umhlaba, izibhebhe zobumba, uma zingekho yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye zaphendukela ekucwaningeni ososayensi European.

Umlando efunda okwakubhalwe kulowo mbhalo izimpawu ze-cuneiform

Ukutadisha umbuzo yini umsuka-cuneiform imifanekiso, awukwazi indiva inkinga ka sokuqonda kwabo.

Imizamo nakancane izimpawu ososayensi baye benza ekhulwini le-19. Izinto base uphawu ubeke amapuleti kamuva isikhathi, sibhale izihloko nababusi kokufaneleka yabo.

Ngokuhamba abavubukuli kwa-iBhabhiloni lasendulo, hhayi kuphela izibonelo eziningi ze-cuneiform atholakele, kodwa futhi uhlobo isichazamazwi, okuyinto wafunda abavelele emphakathini yezwe.

Ngenxa miphumela, amaphilisi iningi ubumba ziqala. Izazi-mlando unikeze idatha eliyigugu ngokuphila Sumeria lasendulo. Kuze kube manje, ihlale undeciphered-cuneiform kwakunemibhalo eqoshiwe amasampula kuphela, yena lowo okuthiwa lokubhala yesiqalo ephathelene nokudabuka-nesi.