Uma ungenakho ukufinyelela ku-intanethi noma kunoma wendawo endaweni inethiwekhi router (aka umzila) kungenzeka kwenye yezingxenye esemqoka ukuthi uxhumeke kwi-computer. Nguye yedwa okwazi okusheshayo kunethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya yangaphandle. Le divayisi ivumela lonke ulwazi kusuka kumhlinzeki lokusakaza nombala ibekwe kuwo wonke amakhompyutha inethiwekhi. Kulokhu, router livele emsebenzini obalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-inqubo. Ngakho, sibheka ukuthi yini umzila?
I-router isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi global, okuvumela the ningi NEMPUMELELO NGAPHAKATHI ukusabalalisa traffic futhi basebenzise eminye imizila phakathi inethiwekhi ISIZINDA. Ngakho, injongo eyinhloko router iyona enye inkonzo izindlela futhi inyunyana amanethiwekhi ezahlukene.
Kungani ngidinga umzila?
Lapho izosetshenziswa router, lithembela ngokuphelele indlela yona ifakwe eziningi ezijwayelekile. Isibonelo, ingasetshenziswa zendawo, uphathe kahle i-traffic uma kuziwa inethiwekhi ihlukene kakhulu. Nale divayisi kungenziwa exhunywe-Ethernet uhlobo lwenethiwekhi nezinye izinhlobo, futhi zingakhiqiza yokukhulumisana ngenethiwekhi global.
Kodwa akugcini lapho, ngalo mbuzo, uyini-router. Lezi amadivayisi hhayi kuphela ezihlobene ngenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke, noma komunye nomunye. Futhi afeze ukuphathwa traffic protocol inethiwekhi ungqimba, okungukuthi, ezingeni ukuthi siphezulu kunamanye inkinobho. umzila okunje kuyadingeka uma ukulawula okwandisa yinkimbinkimbi inethiwekhi yomphindwa, kanye ngenxa ukwanda kwenani ISIZINDA. Inethiwekhi ihlelwe ngenombolo ngokweqile izindlela ngawo ukuhlela kakhulu eliphezulu futhi kwezidingo okusheshayo of amaphakethe ezithile ulwazi. Ngakho, uma indaba yokuthi kuyinto router, kuba ucishe ecacile, kubalulekile ukubhekana isihloko "umzila yezifiso". Sinenkosi ezimbili eziyisisekelo: OSPF futhi RIP. Uma usebenzisa okokuqala ungacabangi nje kuphela ngokuthi inani lamadivayisi phakathi ISIZINDA, kodwa futhi ukusebenza inethiwekhi, futhi iphakethe ukudluliswa ukubambezeleka, kanye neminye imingcele. Lolu hlobo lwe-protocol elisetshenziswa amanethiwekhi ezinkulu, esidinga ukuba imizila eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezisebenza ngesisekelo izilimi enamandla. Lapho ukhetha yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu wesibili kwenziwa inombolo okungenani amadivayisi kunethiwekhi phakathi ISIZINDA. Ilungiselela kulokhu kuba elula, futhi router egcwele kancane kakhulu.
Ngakho, uma indaba yokuthi kuyinto router, uba-ke kusobala esingazicabangela uyisebenzisa ekhaya. Inethiwekhi ekhaya ngokusebenzisa router uwukuhlangana kwama-computer inethiwekhi yendawo, kuyilapho babanike ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi Inthanethi. Ngokuvamile, amadivayisi njenge anemisila nezimbobo ezine ezingaba ukuxhuma kubo 4 ikhompyutha. Futhi kungaba khona umbuzo: "? WiFi-router, kuyini". Lolu hlobo imizila ngaphandle izimbobo, futhi eminye ifakwe antenna ezivumela amakhompyutha ukwenza ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi umsakazo. It kuvela ukuthi khona kumadivayisi nge-Wi-Fi-module, awudingi ukuba ixhume router ngokusebenzisa ezivamile inethiwekhi yentambo, sebenzisa esakhelwe okwanele.
Ngakho manje uyazi ukuthi umzila.