Rudyard Kipling: Biography nemisebenzi

Ngempela umuntu unekhono kufanele kube unekhono konke. Ukuqinisekiswa lamagama - Dzhozef Redyard Kipling. Biography of lo muntu, ikakhulukazi, iqiniso bathola Nobel Prize ngo amane nambili ubudala - ubufakazi obuphathekayo balokho. Umlobi, imbongi kanye umbhali omthandayo abantu nemvelo, nesithakazelo konke, eziningi ukufundwa. Yena wayengumbulali nesibindi, bekulokhu esicacile kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe njalo. Wayekholelwa ukuthi kukhona "yokwesaba yizicukuthwane" okufanele wabe yibo bonke abantu - I-isiphetho omunye umuntu. Njengoba kungumuntu waseBrithani ongazazi izindlela kwezemfundo, wayehlale wacabanga India ebingamazi ulimi, ikhaya lakhe lesibili.

Yini isebenza Yaduma ngu Rudyard Kipling?

Njengoba yaziwa, izinkondlo British - omunye ithalente acebe kakhulu emhlabeni, Dzhordzh Gordon Byron, Uilyam Shekspir, Metyu Arnold, Charlotte Brontë. Ngakho-ke, uhla eyabonisa umphakathi British ukuzama edumile umsakazo BBC ukuqamba izinkondlo abawuthandayo. Championship (futhi nesilinganiso eside!) KwakungekaNkulunkulu Kipling "imilayo yakhe." Nokho, okungenani-ke namanje eyaziwa njengendlela umlobi. Kipling Ukudala kuyinto enezici. Phakathi emangalisayo eminingi yemisebenzi yakhe - ". The Jungle Book" noveli "Kim" futhi iqoqo tindzaba letimfisha,

imigqa Picturesque omlobi. Ngempela, "The Jungle Book" Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi izinkondlo namaprozi. Wabhala kanjalo zabuna yethu Turgenev futhi Gogol, kodwa yebo, eRussia. KaMose 15 tindzaba letimfisha, "The Jungle Book" siqukethe izindaba mayelana Mowgli, okuyinto esihlanganisa 8 wabo, kanye nezinye izindaba mayelana benawo izici zobuntu izilwane Indian, cishe mongoose abanesibindi Rikki-Tikki-Tavi, ikati ohamba yedwa i-uqobo. Kipling indaba Mowgli umfana, wakhulela iphakethe nezimpisi, uchaza ukubhekana kwakhe tiger nesihluku Sherhanu ngokuphindaphindiwe avele opopayi futhi ajwayelekile kubo bonke abantwana.

komlobi ebuntwaneni

Indaba Kipling India odumile. Umlando wakhe iqala eBombay, futhi wazalwa ngo-1936. ENdiya, wachitha yakhe ebuntwaneni. I ezweni wayazi futhi bethandwa. Eziqine, acacile kakhulu ebuntwaneni okuvelayo ndodana yalo li we Bombay esikoleni yobuciko ephathelene ne-inganekwane Indian ngophethe-isilwane (umfana waphulukiswa uyazi futhi ukwazi ukukhuluma in Hindi).

Ngesikhathi eseneminyaka eyisithupha, wayiswa e-England e-boarding yangasese - kubonisa Biography of Kipling. Ezinganeni asetshenziswa ngubani ukuba akhulule ukuphila owawubusa leli koloni ngokuvamile kunzima ukujwayela sokuprakthiza le yezivakashi. UJesu wayengeyena olithandayo impesheni uwayehlalise. Izinkumbulo nokungabi nabulungisa okukhulu unya ngawo umbhali uye wabhekana esemncane, kamuva yethulwa kuleli indzaba lemfisha "The Black Sheep".

intsha

Ubaba wayekholelwa ekuqaleni ukuthi owayeyisiphathimandla kufanele kube Kipling abasha. Biography ebonisa ukuthi abafana eyishumi nantathu lapho wangeniswa Devon School (eqinisweni - analogu ka Suvorov zethu), okuyinto zithuthukisa izikhulu esizayo, abafisa ukungena Academy abadumile lempi. Boyish "iflothi", nemivimbo "mini-impi" nge okuhlaselayo, ofunda - konke lokhu kufanele kwenzeke ithimba madoda ngaphambi kokuthola ukuqashelwa "lakhe." UJosefa wayemthanda esikoleni futhi isevisi. Le nkathi ekuphileni kwakhe ekutshela Storybook "Stalky & ^Co." Kube wabonisa umbhali wakhe ithalente. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yamehlo akazange ithemba i-career lempi. Ubaba wakhumbula engu-17 ubudala insizwa e-India, lapho athola isikhundla "iphephandaba Civil nezempi" ngaye.

Ukuqala umsebenzi wombhali

Okungukuthi izindlela lesibonwa zivela izindaba Rudyard Kipling. Incwadi yakhe "The amanothi kweminyango," siba yimpumelelo. Ezifuna umbhali ngamakhala hindustani ulimi, useduze umfundi Indian, kuyaqondakala futhi bethandwa. umbhali oneminyaka engu-34 ubudala, kakade eyaziwa eBrithani, ifika eLondon ukuba "enze igama". Lapha, ngokubambisana ne-American Wolcott Balestier, ummemezeli ku indaba "Naulahka" isebenza Kipling. Biography, njengesisekelo esinembile sokubalwa kwezikhathi emfushane ukuphila kwakhe ethakazelisa kakhulu kule nkathi. Wathola umngane wangempela futhi wathandana udadewabo. Nokho, esikhathini esingeside benza basebenza ndawonye. Ngemva kokufa umlingani wakhe kusukela typhus washada udadewabo uCaroline. Wabhala inkondlo yakhe edumile ethi "Gunga Din» ( "Gunga Din") futhi "eMandalay".

Vermont inkathi lokusungula

Lo mbhangqwana osemncane kuhanjiswe ku Vermont, lapho ikhishwa nemiqulu emibili yethi "The Jungle Book" futhi iqoqo tinkondlo "iziLwandle Eziyisikhombisa." Lapha abazali bajabule yamadodakazi kube namabili abonakala ke - indodana. Lwenza noveli best of Kipling - "Kim" umfana oyiNdiya, ragamuffin, cognized ngokuhlakanipha Buddhist futhi ngibe yinhloli British. Ngemva ukuxabana izihlobo lomkakhe amathathu nantathu umbhali kanye nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela e-New York. Lapha, yena indodakazi waphathwa inyumoniya, okwathi ngemva kwalokho intombazane uyafa.

Ukudlulela UK

Kwaphela izinyanga eziningana wasebenza iphephandaba laseNingizimu Afrika, ngaleso sikhathi ukuthenga indlu yangasese eNgilandi, esifundeni Sussex. Ubizwa bahileleke ekuphileni zezombusazwe ngokusekela Ababesadla ngoludala. Kuye uvume: uMklomelo KaNobel, degrees zokuhlonipha kusukela basemayunivesithi aseBrithani nabaseYurophu. Kodwa futhi lokufelwa ulindele umbhali. Ngesikhathi phambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala wabulala indodana yakhe. Umlobi nomkakhe ukunikela sonke isikhathi sabo ukuze basize abantu Esibomvu. He cishe akazange abhale, usizi olukhulu kangaka. Nokho, maduze nje uthola umngani Kipling, owakwazi "shake it" futhi ukuvusa ekuphileni. Zaba ... IsiZulu Korol Georg V. Le (Nalona enobungane ngokweqile kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe Kipling.) Biography yomlobi kubonisa indlela ukhunjulwa imemori lendodana yakhe ngokubhala pyatidesyativosmiletnem yobudala indaba "Irish Guards Okukhulu impi. " Kunzima yimpilo omlobi, nokunqoba yokudala, ngeshwa, ngokuvamile obuhambisana nokuthanda ukulahlekelwa abathandekayo. Wokuhlupha kolwelwesi yakhe ikhule ibe isilonda peptic. Washona kusuka ukopha zangaphakathi wangcwatshwa Westminster Abbey.

isiphetho

lokusungula enezici ka Kipling. Siyazi-ke, sibonga indaba yezingane egqamile futhi imilingo sika "The Jungle Book." Nokho, kukhona umsebenzi wakhe, kanti olunye uhlangothi. Genri Dzheyms walibiza ngokuthi "ngesiNgisi Balzac." Le noveli "Kim" kubhekwa umsebenzi engcono mayelana India ngesiNgisi. Kipling sasihlonishwa futhi sihlonishwa abadala, sobala ikakhulukazi phakathi nekhulu Yezwe I. zakudala yethu Konstantin Simonov waphawula "isitayela uyindoda" Kipling, "eqinile yesosha" yakhe, "wesilisa".

Ngempela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu ekutheni indoda ayikhali athi indoda akufanele "ayeke" futhi "ukungena umphefumulo 'nokunqoba nokwehluleka kwalo, ukuthi kumelwe njalo sibaphathe" akanandaba ".