Riot yethusi: izimbangela, izenzakalo, imiphumela

Riot yethusi - lena isenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni Russia, lelo tulo labo abadla imbuya ngothi ezisemadolobheni kanye amakilasi aphansi, okwenzeka ngo eMoscow phakathi nokubusa Alexei Mikhailovich. Umqondo "ukuvukela zethusi" usuphenduke into efanayo. Isetshenziselwa noma nini lapho kudingeka ubeke amazwana ukwehla kwentengo imali futhi ucabanga isimo.

Riot yethusi: izimbangela futhi isimo zomlando

isimo eMoscow zalwa ukulwa isikhathi eside ngoba Ukraine ngokumelene Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, lokho sasetshenziswa omningi imithombo yezimali. Zazingatholakali kalula imali. ezifakwa siqu of amatshe ayigugu, lapho kubalwa imali ngesikhathi, Russia wayengekho lapho, ngakho zazizimisele ukufuna amazwe ezazivela ngaphandle. Mint uye wasebenzisa imali angaphandle ukubenza Russian - ngendibilishi penny nemali.

Isimo efika ngakulowo Boyar Ordin-Nashchokin ahlinzekwa ngendlela ludale out: ukuze Mint zethusi zemali kokuzikhathaza esiliva. Kulokhu, izintela Namanje eqoqwe isiliva, kodwa amaholo zemukeliswe nge zemali zethusi entsha. Kuzoqalwa nge-1654 izinhlamvu zemali zethusi abangu wethule kwegazi esikhundleni esiliva.

Ekuqaleni, konke kwahamba njengoba wahlela: imali entsha sivunyiwe ngesikhathi intengo zemali ubudala esiliva. Kodwa ngokushesha baqala ukunyathelisa isamba Amazing, kwakungeyona ngenxa yezinkinga ngethusi. izinkantolo Okuqoshiwe e Moscow, Pskov, Novgorod, ukusebenza at zigcwele. Okuphakelayo okungaphephile imali supply ishanelwe eRussia, ngakho ngokushesha kufunwe ngesiliva sekuqalile ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi amandla wokuthenga we izinhlamvu zemali zethusi wawa.

Yaqala kancane ekuqaleni, bese amandla emali kumhambela. UHulumeni ayenqabe ukwamukela imali ithusi izintela, ngakho elidala zesiliva ayanda e intengo; ngokuba munye ruble ubudala esiliva wanikezwa 15 kuya ku-20 zethusi entsha. Abathengisi babeya emakethe waxosha imali zethusi ngokoqobo izinqola, kuyilapho lethusi devalued nsuku zonke. Izakhamizi uvalo: I- izinhlamvu zemali zethusi akakwazanga ukuthenga lutho, kodwa kwakungekho ndawo ukuthatha esiliva.

Kodwa uhulumeni engafuni ukuvuma iphutha yezenzo zakhe, kanti umkhuba kwaba ukubheka icala ohlangothini. Imbangela ngendathane emali nabizelwa abakhwabanisi. Bonisa nokulingwa baqala ukuhlala kuleli zwe. Ukuze kukhiqizwe "Kwesokunxele" zemali umusho lapho kwakunebandla elilodwa nje kuphela: isigwebo unonya. Ngokusho embondelene icala wathela metal oncibilikisiwe emphinjeni.

Inkinga yayiwukuthi zemali kwenziwa zethusi ungase cishe noma ubani angayenza metal kancane. "Kotelniki futhi olovyanniki" ngenkathi kunonophiswe kubuye ukhulile ocebile, bakwazi ukwakha ngokwakho indlu itshe, ukuthenga izimpahla ezibizayo. Ngoba ingane ngayinye beyiba uhlamvu yayo encane egcekeni. Mbumbulu izinhlamvu zemali zethusi eMoscow wedwa kwakukhona ngaphezulu kwengxenye yesigidi.

Riot yethusi: izenzakalo

Ekuseni ngo-June 25, 1662 Old Style esigxotsheni ngesikhathi Lubyanka eMoscow ukuthi ethe njo incwadi indawo zelizwe, okuyinto ngokuthi amambuka Rtishchev Miloslavsky nesivakashi Basil Shorin. Empeleni kwathiwa kubangelwa ubuhlobo Poland, kuze kube manje kwaba impi. Amacala abekwa wona okuthi kwaba nhlobo isisekelo, kodwa abantu baye bakudinga isizathu ukuqala ukuyaluza.

Kwafika isixuku sabantu ayizinkulungwane eziningana, ngemva kokufunda lo myalezo, waya edolobhaneni Kolomenskoye - kuyo ehlobo inkosi. Guard ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa, futhi abantu baqhumuka ngokukhululekile egcekeni lasebukhosini. Alexis watshela Rtishchev Miloslavsky nesikhumba ezindlini indlovukazi, futhi waphuma waya abantu. Futhi ke kwaba khona scene aphule izisekelo zomphakathi kanye canons. Abavamile ezungezwe Alexei Mikhailovich, futhi ngokoqobo ubambe izinkinobho izingubo yenkosi, wabuza: "Uphi iqiniso," Ingxoxo Kunokuthula okukhulu, futhi umbusi wathembisa abantu ukuze abuyise ukuthula. Omunye izihlubuki ngisho "hit ezandleni zakhe nenkosi." Ngemva kwalokho, isixuku wehlisa umoya futhi baqala ukuhlakazeka. Kwabonakala sengathi ama-sigameko kuyobe kuphelile. Kodwa lolu suku wayemiselwe ukuba kuphele ngendlela ehlukile.

Esinye isixuku ngalesi sikhathi sephulwe ikhaya Shorin, wadabulisa nendodana yakhe usana ukubhala ukuvuma ukuthi uyise nezinsolo wawudayisa nabasePoland nase ngokukhethekile ahlelwe ibhizinisi ngemali zethusi ukusiza isitha uyazondwa. Nge kungcono "ukuqashelwa" ebulawa amavukelambuso wagijimela Kolomenskoye, edonsa emuva kulabo kakade wabuya evela khona. Ngalesi sikhathi le nkosi yayiyisazi mayelana ukuya eMoscow ukuphenya kunjalo. Nokho, izinsongo ezintsha izihlubuki wamthabatha ngokwakhe. Kusukela eMoscow ngaleso sikhathi some abacibisheli namasosha. Futhi u-Alexei Mikhailovich ngaphambilini Artamonov Matveyev Hack izihlubuki.

It waqala lokhu sibhicongo. Izixuku bengahlomile. Abantu ochotshoziwe, waminza emfuleni, wagwazwa wanquma. Ngalolo suku, kwashona engaphezu kwenkulungwane abantu. Ezinsukwini ezilandelayo, abahlanganyeli uye wakwenza Useshele ukushaywa umoya Kolomenskoye waboshwa, walengiswa, uyonquma ezandleni nasezinyaweni, uphawu, baxoshwa eMoscow ethunjwe unomphela. Abaningi kulaba ababoshwa baphoqeleka ukuba abhale ngesibitelo ukuqhathanisa wesandla nalelo Ipheshana ill-fated. Nokho, abangobhongoza kweqiniso wathola futhi kuhlulekile.

ukuvukela yethusi e 1662 kwaba ukusebenza kwalezi abampofu ezisemadolobheni - wezingcweti, abalimi, abasebenza ngenyama, abampofu wendawo. Kusukela abadayisi abantu ekilasini ephakeme akazange athathe ingxenye akukho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nabo lwabangela ukuboshwa alandelayo ababhikishi.

Ngenxa uthuli abathintekayo abantu kungathi abayizinkulungwane ezintathu, futhi iningi lawo lalingabantu isixuku benelukuluku.

Riot yethusi: Imithelela

Inkosi wasigcina isithembiso sakhe futhi ukubhekana nale nkinga of izinhlamvu zemali zethusi. Ngo 1663, izimboni libhalwe Novgorod futhi Pskov zavalwa, futhi izinhlamvu zemali zethusi kukhona kuhoxiswe ngokuphelele emzimbeni. Waqhubeka ayenza lezi of imali yesiliva. Uhlamvu lwemali olwenziwa zethusi sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli aphele boilers noma azidlulisele yengcebo. ukheshe yethusi umklomelo zemali entsha esiliva Namanje izinga inflation amabili komunye, ukuthi, isimo uye ezihlukile kwezisemthethweni ukuthi ruble zethusi ubudala babengephansi neze enikeziwe. Imiholo ngokushesha futhi kwakufanele akhokhe ne esiliva.