Poluvalmovaya ophahleni: isithombe, umdwebo, iyunithi isakhiwo. kanjani poluvalmovaya ophahleni ngezandla zakhe?

Ngenkathi kwakhiwa izindlu zanamuhla zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene uphahla kuhluke tesakhiwo. Bona zingahlanganiswa noma skratnymi, kwezinhlobo yokugcina ine isikhala elisophahleni ukuthi kungaba abandayo noma enakho ukuze uhlalwe. Omunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu uphahla izenzo ezinjalo poluvalmovaya ophahleni, olubizwa nangokuthi i-Dutch.

Kuyinto isakhiwo overhangs enisemikhawulweni. Ngenxa zici ophahleni ungakwazi ukumelana namandla emoyeni ukulayisha, futhi izakhiwo gable ivikeleke kahle emvuleni. kungenzeka kwakhiwa uphahla Poluvalmovaya njengoba hipped noma gable.

ophahleni Izinzuzo poluvalmovaya

Uma uphahla hipped inikeza emibili ngesimo a trapezoid, futhi ramps ezimbili ngesimo onxantathu, base ukuthola umugqa eziphukile. Umklamo kulesi simo kungaba umuntu, futhi kuncike isimo sezulu, ezihlukahlukene ukufulela, kanye ukutholakala lokuphila isikhala egunjini eliphezulu ophahleni. Ithonya kukhethwa uhlobo ophahleni, yebo, inesimo sezulu. Ngezinye okusezingeni eliphezulu iqhwa imithwalo ophahleni enziwe emithambekeni emaweni futhi overhangs encane. Uma kungenjalo, mini ngekhephu Ebusika, ramps ungase ube ukuchema kuzo okuncane ukuthi mkhulu samuntu ngenhla echazwe.

Buhle uphahla ezinjalo kungenzeka ukuhlela isikhala ekamelweni elisophahleni ngenxa ephilayo. Kulokhu, lesikahle kungaba poluvalmovaya mansard ophahleni. Uma ufuna ukwenza isikhala ephilayo ngaphezulu ke sekudingeka ukuba kubunjwe emithambekeni nge gradients ezahlukene. Ingxenye engenhla emthambekeni uyisicaba, kuyilapho phansi kufanele abe look zodwa. Lolu hlobo ophahleni gables futhi zivikela umoya, iqhwa nemvula, ukuthi kungenziwa ngokuthi izimfanelo ezinhle.

I yokuntula main

Ngaphambi iyokwakhiwa ophahleni poluvalmovaya, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele bokwenza zayo, phakathi kwabo, kufanele zabelwe ubunzima bokwakha uphahla uhlelo ngenxa nesibalo esikhulu imiphetho, izigodi phakathi semishayweni. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa besokunxele, narozhniki nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene Lesisemkhatsini. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ubhekana egeleza impahla efana impahla ukufulela kule divayisi futhi uhlelo truss. Ngaphambi master kuyoba umsebenzi kunalokho kuyinkimbinkimbi obeka ukufulela.

Iinsetjenziswa ophahleni poluvalmovaya

ophahleni Poluvalmovaya uzobe yakhiwe sebuningini timphawu tesakhiwo, okuyilezi: mauerlat, truss uhlelo, ezishisayo, wokubacindezela futhi umusi mngcele nothango ukufulela. Umshayo uhlelo has isikeyiti, imishayo, struts, sheathing uhlelo zamabhasi, jib kanye izingodo nezinye izakhi. Bonke ukunikeza rigidity kohlelo isakhiwo truss.

Ngaphambi kuzoqala ukwakhiwa kophahla, kubalulekile ukubeka mauerlat, esemgwaqweni ezindongeni umthwalo ezinembewu. Uma eyakhiwe ngezitini ke embondelene phezu ibhande kwagcizelela sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo nakakhulu. Kuyo ngesikhathi ilungiselelo okumelwe efakwe izikopelo mpo lashukumisa, ungene ngalo mauerlat uvumelanise. I izikopelo kufanele abe ubude ugodo ukuze babonakale 3 ngamasentimitha. I ububanzi obuncane 10 kwangu. Ibanga phakathi izakhi idatha ngamasentimitha angu-120.

izeluleko kongoti sika

Uma uyobe iyahambelana izikopelo poluvalmovaya ophahleni kumele ibekwe phakathi imishayo, kuleso simo mauerlat ngokuhlanganyela kanye imishayo ngeke inkimbinkimbi.

Le ndlela yokwenza umsebenzi kanye ophahleni tesakhiwo

Eyiqinisa ibhande ilingana ukufulela wazizwa izingqimba ezimbili, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuqhubeka ukufaka ibha mauerlat, okuyinto isendaweni izikopelo. Isetshenziselwa yokuntwela square esigabeni cross nohlangothi lokuzibona-150 mm, isici Sectional unamahlangothi ka 100x150 amamilimitha angu. Izimbobo kumele kwenziwe ngaphambili, ngoba ugodo ziphathwe isinqandakuvunda ukuthi aqede abolile ugodo.

Poluvalmovaya ophahleni, elibonisa isithombe esihlokweni, kuhlanganisa kudivayisi noma nakosnyh Trusses idayagonali nophahla yokhalo. Okokuqala irekhodwe ngalokuhlelekile vrubok ekhethekile ngezinye izikhathi indawo nensimbi amajaqamba. Ukukhweza yenziwe bulala mauerlat. Trusses Ovundlile aphume ashone njengoba ezinwetshiwe yokhalo, okuyinto bifurcates phezulu. Lezi amagatsha bukhomba nge wokwakha emakhoneni futhi ngesikhathi operation ibhekane umthwalo omkhulu. On the idayagonali truss semishayweni kumelwe bathembele polunogi, ngakho zenziwa ibhodi abhanqiwe, isigaba okuyinto 50x150 mm.

Ukufakwa izincomo nakosnyh semishayweni

Poluvalmovaya ophahleni, umdwebo ka okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi Ungaba semishayweni, esigabeni sabo Isiphambano ibalwe ifomula. Nokho, inkosi yangasese wayengeke ayenze. Indlela ngcono nakosnyh Trusses njengoba kokuzalela kwamapulangwe kungandisa esindayo umthamo, kuyilapho ephoqelela Ubukhulu ophahleni ukwakha ugongolo okuqhubekayo sasivumela eside. Phakathi nomsebenzi nebhodi ingasetshenziswa usayizi ofanayo. Ngokuqondene Trusses idayagonali futhi abavamile, kuba lula ukusebenza. Kumelwe okokuqala ukufakwa izakhi nakosnye, futhi ngemva egxilile kuya bulala mauerlat. Khona-ke ungakwazi uqhubekele ukufakwa esikhundleni esiphezulu futhi ifayela, okuyinto kuyoba ngokohlelo lweSitatimende mauerlat kanye nehhashi.

Lokho kufanele sinake ukuvuselelwa wophahla poluvalmovaya

Lapho ukwakha poluvalmovaya ophahleni ngezandla zakhe, ibanga phakathi imishayo kufanele kukhethwe ngendlela ukuthi sifana ububanzi impahla ukwahlukanisa. Emikhawulweni yabo kwakha uthayi kumele ukuhlinzeka ukugcizelela e mauerlat. Lezi zici ngeke Abut futhi ihhashi hipped design. Side semishayweni awashintsheki izibopho noma izingcwecwe zensimbi ezilula ngesimo emakhoneni. Lapho usayizi umxhwele emabhulohweni zonke izakhi kumele lwaqiniswa izitobhi, uzilungiselela. Ovundlile truss semishayweni sizibeke epulazini. Racks kanye amapuleti ziphumule setshe phansi, okuyinto yiqiniso endabeni, uma sigcizelelwa ukhonkolo. Kwezinye izimo kufanele afakwe screed ezengeziwe ku joists phansi isakhiwo.

amaphutha ayisisekelo

Uphahla kudivayisi poluvalmovaya ngeke sifinyelele nomphumela ofiselekayo, uma izingxenye lokhuni iphathwa antiseptics. Lezi izingoma uvumele ukuvikela ukhuni abolile kanye umlilo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezinye amakhosi zisebenzisa Foam ukwakhiwa ukugcwalisa isikhala ngaphansi yokhalo. Lokhu akufanele kwenziwe, ngaphandle kwalokho emoyeni esikhaleni ophahleni ngeke aluka, izingxenye sokhuni yokhalo izoba ngaphansi elibi.

Design izici ukufulela pie

Uma uphakamisa umbuzo zendlela yokwenza poluvalmovaya ophahleni ngezandla zakhe, kufanele ukujwayelana izici ukufulela pie, esihlinzeka ngcono lath ungqimba umusi, ungangenisi amanzi kanye kubekwa nangokuvikela impahla. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina limbozwe ukufulela impahla. Umusi isithiyo ifilimu angase enze, okuyinto has a enamathela ngesimo aluminium ucwecwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ucwecwe ebusweni ke kufanele iphendulwe elisophahleni lwendlu. ifilimu Ukubeka ikhiqizwa ngosizo a stapler. Heater angenza itshe noma amaminerali uvolo, uma e imiqulu noma amacansi. ophahleni Poluvalmovaya design inikeza laying ukwahlukanisa phakathi imishayo phezu ungangenisi amanzi impahla selibekiwe.

isiphetho

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukupholisa aeration kubaluleke kakhulu nganoma yisiphi ophahleni. Umoya Ungahambisa ngokukhululekile esikhaleni kwangaphakathi ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ibanga elithile ngezansi yokhalo ophahla.