Mark ukhonkolo isisekelo indlu yangasese. Yini umkhiqizo ngokhonkolo idingeka ukuze isisekelo

Ukhonkolo ungamandla yesimanje zokwakha ukuncintisana ngetshe zemvelo. ukusebenza kwalo okusezingeni eliphezulu waqinisekisa ke udumo ekukhiqizeni zonke izinhlobo wokwakha imisebenzi, ehlanganisa nokwakhiwa isisekelo. Uma nokufakwa ukukhanya ingasetshenziswa pier isisekelo, khona-ke idlula elidingekayo tape noma inqwaba siqalo, izici ezincike ngqo kukhethwa izinga ukhonkolo, kuhlangana anekhono abasebenzi ezikhethwe ngokucophelela.

Kulesi sihloko sizohlola lokho ukhonkolo esetshenziselwa isisekelo.

Ukwakheka ingxube

izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zingahlukaniswa ku mix ukhonkolo:

• yamathebhu Fractional (isihlabathi, amatshe noma amatshe) - "amandla" isici ukuthi wamukela yonke imithwalo. Ingxenyana nomthamo ukwakheka - kufike ku-80%.
• Binder, etholwe ngokuxhumana ingxube namanzi usimende. Ingxenyana nomthamo ukwakheka - kuze kufinyelele 30%.

Isilinganiso yalezi izinto ku mix ukhonkolo zingase zihluke, kuncike brand kasimende yamathebhu nomswakama, khona kwezithako. Isisekelo - ingxenye othwala isakhiwo, ngakho udinga ukukhetha ilungelo mix ukhonkolo ukuze ekwazi ukumelana imithwalo design. Ukhonkolo usebenza kokucindezelwa esihle evumela isisekelo ngempumelelo singamelana nokucindezela isakhiwo phansi. Ukugxilisa yezinyoni elisetshenziswa isisekelo, futhi inikeza amandla ohlangothini transverse ngesikhathi ukuguquguquka kwenhlabathi.

Kukhethwa ukhonkolo isisekelo incike ekuklanyweni of isakhiwo kokuba bazakha. Kukhona izidingo ezahlukene isisekelo, okuholela ukusebenzisa in practice anhlobonhlobo amamaki ukhonkolo.

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, ibanga ngokhonkolo isisekelo indlu yangasese elinjani elifanelekayo, cabangela izinhlobo eziyisisekelo.

brand Ukhonkolo-M100

Kushiwo ukhonkolo engasindi has a usimende okuqukethwe ongaphakeme. Isicelo oyinhloko izinyathelo wokulungiselela ngokwenani lomsebenzi wokwakha ngesikhathi ethela ukulungiselela ukhonkolo. I-M100 awubizi, kodwa amandla alo izici ukhawule ukusetshenziswa izakhiwo lulwimi unomphela, ezifana ezicijile, Uhlaka izindlu, azivuni, azibekeleli ezinqolobaneni.

brand Ukhonkolo M150

Ngokusho izici zayo, le grade ngokhonkolo akuyona okuningi ezahlukene kusukela M100. The main isicelo - umsebenzi wokwakha wokulungiselela. Kusukela M150 ukhonkolo kungenziwa wathela kuphela ukukhanya strip izisekelo izindlu omunye storey ezenziwe ngokhuni ukukhanya noma amabhlogo ozwakala, emagalaji emadlangaleni. Lokhu grade ngokhonkolo isisekelo indlu yangasese kuvunyelwe kuphela uma ezindaweni ezinamadwala uyokwenza njengoba base okuthembekile. Sijulise isisekelo akunakwenzeka ngenxa ingozi komhlaba, ngenye indlela edingwa isicelo ungangenisi amanzi (uketshezi iraba).

brand Ukhonkolo M200

Lokhu ukhonkolo isivele namandla futhi wayevame ekwakhiweni ongaphakeme liphumele (kufika ku storeys ezimbili) izakhiwo ngaphakathi ngemishayo lokhuni noma lwensimbi. M200 brand ngokhonkolo kungenziwa ekhiqizwa imikhiqizo ukhonkolo, njengenqwaba yamaphepha noma slabs phansi. Izinhlelo lomcoka ukwakhiwa yokuhlala - ukuthelwa isisekelo ngaphansi izindlu Uhlaka-panel. Umhlabathi uvunyelwe kuphela esihlabathini futhi itafula amanzi akufanele ephakanyiswe ukuphakama okokuqandisa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele ukuhlukahluka kwesizini.

brand Ukhonkolo M250 futhi M300

okuqukethwe usimende - ngokwesilinganiso. Ezisetshenzisiwe M250 grade th ngokhonkolo ukuze isisekelo sendlu (ngokugcwalisa) bebathathu izibuya. Mark M300 - ngaphezulu ukhonkolo okuhlala, isetshenziswa izisekelo izindlu nge abafinyelela kwabahlanu izibuya. Ngokusho kwezokwakha, umkhiqizo ukhonkolo M300 ezivumelekile ukwakhiwa slabs Monolithic. Isetshenziselwa lapho ethela nezitsha. Ukhonkolo idatha emamaki ingasetshenziswa ukuvuselelwa isisekelo on nenhlabathi sandy, kanye emhlabathini ngohlalwane noma afahlazekile edwaleni kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu komhlaba ezingeni.

brand Ukhonkolo M350

Omunye brand ethandwa kakhulu ekwakheni ngokhonkolo. Kakhulu lidlula M300 hhayi kuphela amandla, kodwa futhi frost. Elinesimo ukuphila isikhathi eside kushiwo.

Ifanele ukwakhiwa multi-storey izakhiwo, ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha we aduduze, iphansi, kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekile. Nge ukwakhiwa isisekelo obuphathekayo sha M350 ovunyelwe isicelo olulodwa storey indlu ngezitini yokuhlala. Ifanele ezinzima ubumba nenhlabathi nezindawo lapho okusezingeni eliphezulu komhlaba ezingeni. Loam nobumba nenhlabathi - okuvame kakhulu. Umnkantsha, inyuka ubumba ivolumu, okungaholela ukusonteka kwesisekelo uma kwenzeka grade ngokungalungile akhethiwe ngokhonkolo.

brand Ukhonkolo M400

Le brand has an eliphezulu ngokwedlulele amandla izici ngenxa yokuqukethwe eliphezulu usimende kanye yamathebhu ezikhethiwe.

It wasebenzisa leli banga ngokhonkolo isisekelo indlu yangasese. endaweni elivunyelwe kwesicelo - ukwakhiwa multi-storey izakhiwo (kufika ku storeys 20 ukuphakama).

Yini umkhiqizo ngokhonkolo kwakudingeka isisekelo?

eshibhile Ukhonkolo grade ephansi, kodwa ekwakhiweni kwesisekelo kungcono ukunikeza abanye margin zokuphepha, ikakhulukazi labo izimo lapho kuhlelwe ukuba enze emiphongolweni yokuhlala. Yini umkhiqizo ngokhonkolo kwakudingeka isisekelo? izimpawu Ukhonkolo M350, M400 has high density, ngakhoke umswakama ngeke zingene therethrough sibi nezisekelo kungaba uya woma. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho ukuyosiza ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezingekho bucayi enhlabathini abampofu, kunengqondo ukucabangela lokho kuyinto inzuzo engaphezulu: sebenzisa ebangeni ephakeme ngokhonkolo noma ukhonkolo ukwenza eshibhile, kodwa bona baphathe ungangenisi amanzi isisekelo ukuze azivikele komhlaba.

Indlela elula yokwazi ukuthi liyini grade kudingekile ngokhonkolo ukuze isisekelo sendlu, lokho brand ukukhetha - kungcono ukuba wenze ukubhuka of design izilinganiso for umklami. It banga ezifanele ngokhonkolo kuchazwa for uhlobo ngalunye umsebenzi, kuhlanganise egumbini elingaphansi, futhi izakhiwo ezengeziwe ukuba aneliswe ikhambi, njenge:

• inhlanganiso
• Ukumelana amanzi (Ukuvikelwa komhlaba)
• frost (ayanda, ofanele esengeziwe sezulu elibuhlungu)
• fluidity,
• umlilo.

Nokho, ebangeni ngokhonkolo isisekelo indlu yangasese kungase kushintshwe ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izici ezilandelayo kokuba zakhiwo kufanele kubhekwe:

• ukwakhiwa isisindo, inani phansi, khona noma ukungabi khona egumbini elingaphansi,
• Geological indawo nophenyo: kunqunywa hlobo inhlabathi kanye emhlabathini amanzi ukujula cwaningo,
• uhlobo izisekelo: strip, inqwaba noma yimuphi omunye.

Ngamunye la maqiniso angenhla nomthelela endleleni abanye kudingeka ukhonkolo isisekelo, ukukhetha obuphathekayo sha, inikezwe izici zayo ezikhethekile, njll

On ukhonkolo isisekelo Monolithic isenzo oppositely iqondiswe amabutho azungezile. Isisekelo kumele lwajula emhlabathini kangangokuba kwaba ngezansi kwezinga-qhwa. amagugu ethile ye okokuqandisa ukujula ayahlukahluka, kuye ngokuthi inhlabathi kanye izimo zezulu. Ngokuvamile, i-maphakathi nawo-latitude frost ileveli 0.9-1.5 m. Ukujula zayo Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe nabanye bebeka. Reliance esisekelweni ukungcola, engakutholanga okokuqandisa, ukulondoloza strip isisekelo kusuka frost ugonyuluka ukusonteka.

Ukuze strip isisekelo zizongena ebangeni aphansi ngokhonkolo, kodwa inqwaba, kunalokho, idinga ephakeme kanye namandla. Inqwaba izisekelo asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni multi-storey izakhiwo dolobha. Strip izisekelo ukuhlomisa isakhiwo ongaphakeme liphumele.

Ukukhethwa kanye nokusungulwa ngokhonkolo ukuxubana batch

Naphezu abizwa efanayo, grade eziphathekako brand kasimende - umqondo ohluke ngokuphelele. Inombolo brand usimende kusho amandla grout.

Ngoba isakhiwo isisekelo eqala ukuqinisa yayo ukuze ahlinzeke amandla transverse, khona-ke kuyinto kwemisebenzi yoMnyango ukukhetha amatshe noma amatshe ingxenyenamba phakathi. Kungcono ukunikeza ukubamba ochotshoziwe egwadle uhlalwane.

Ngokuqondene isihlabathi, imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwandle Kunconywa, kodwa okwaziyo futhi ekhululekile, waze waphuma egodini lokubhujiswa isihlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isihlabathi kufanele kuqala sokukhipha, ukugwema ubumba nezinye inclusions engathandeki.

Ukuze amanzi awekho izidingo ezikhethekile, efanelekayo Thepha abavamile. Amanzi-usimende lingemaphesenti 2: 1.

Indlela ayethanda ukusebenzisa mixer, kodwa kungenzeka futhi inhlukano ukuyaluza mechanical yesixazululo. Lokhu kuzodinga capacitance ngobuningi, okuyinto yengezwe endaweni isilinganiso eqondile isihlabathi, amatshe noma itshe ochotshoziwe usimende. izingxenye Well okuxubile ezomile, kungenziwa kancane kancane engeza amanzi ngenkathi ibangele njalo kuze bushelelezi. Kubalulekile ukuba overdo it ngamanzi.

Ukubala semali ngokhonkolo

sokubala esingavumelekile ebhekene nokushoda impahla noma ifomu isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi engathandeki.

Babalwa eceleni amavolumu ipuleti strip isisekelo emapheshana, izinsika, abese ngokufingqiwe. Inani ibalwa iyanda yi Coefficient ukuncipha kwe-ukhonkolo, ubukhulu esithathelwe passport. Njengoba ama-valve futhi usesikhundleni ivolumu ezithile formwork ke ukuba alandise leli nani kufanele ihlukaniswe ezingaba ngu-1.05 ngokhonkolo. Inani okuholela is babanjwa.

Yini ukhonkolo luyadingeka isisekelo

Iziyalezo okukhethayo:

• ukubala ngokucophelela isisindo isakhiwo;
• ukwaba wekhasi ngenxa yamaphutha kungenzeka noma izehlakalo;
• ukucacisa ukujula lapho komhlaba kwenzeke kanjalo;
• ukucacisa nokuxhumana kwenhlabathi futhi isisekelo esizayo.