India. India Art. Ubuciko eNdiya yasendulo

Yileso naleso sikhathi uhlukile isiko yaso eyingqayizivele. Ngokufanayo, ubuciko India kushintsha njalo kuwo wonke umlando. Kuleli zwe, ukuthuthukisa ezifana izinhlobo zobuciko, efana imidwebo, izakhiwo kanye ebaziwe.

Ukwakhiwa yobuciko eNdiya

art Indian has kwaqala nezakudala migede imidwebo. Ngokuvamile, izakhi isiko Indian kukhona reflection okumsulwa izinhlelo engqondo yezwe, okubenza babe introspective ngaphezulu. Omunye wabo uba yoga umqondo mayelana ukubaluleka lamabutho wonke amathonya zangaphandle neziphazamiso imizwa iyadlula. Ngakho-ke, iqiniso ezizungezile kudlala indima yesibili e-India. art Indian kuhlukile ukuthi Igxila iconography ka zenkolo futhi elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo, ngisho esimweni lapho imihlobiso, zokubhukuda nokunye. D. aboleke izakhi zokuphila kwanamuhla.

Izici yesithombe emhlabeni

udaba Environmental kufanele kubhekwe ku umongo aesthetics kuleli zwe, okuyinto alamukeli naturalism eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, okwangempela noma ukukhohlisa. Yini ebaluleke ngempela, ngoba "ukusungulwa iqiniso", okuyinto eqala ngezabelo ephelele. Ubuciko medieval India silula, ngoba imvelo ngokwayo kudala sibonga eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi uhlakaniphile futhi kuphela izimpawu kanye nezimpawu babe kungenzeka ukuveza ke. Yingakho izinhlamvu sinendima ebalulekile lapha. Ukwenza Izinto Zibe Lula, kusukela lo mbono ongaqhubeki noma yimuphi umuzwa wokwedelela, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba nizenze art ohlehlela emuva. Zehla ekuthuthukiseni eziningana amasu ukuveza injongo yangempela zezinto ezibekwe ngamatjhumi nofana ukuthi umculi kanye umqophi lithunjwa.

Image izindlela engokoqobo zobuciko uhlale ucishe libonise ukubukwa samanje enkathini ethile. Lapha asikhulumi ngekusasa, kodwa amasu kanye namathuluzi kubalulekile ukuze ekudluliseni imibono ezibukelini kodwa eyayinamawala ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene zazihlukile, kusukela iphuzu yobuhle buka, azange abe inzuzo phezu kwezinye eNdiya. Ubuciko India ngokuvamile ongokomfanekiso kakhulu, ikakhulukazi imigomo ukudluliselwa izinto zemvelo.

Ubuciko we II. BC - AD III ekhulwini

Esikhathini wakudala, esikhathini II. BC - III AD leminyaka, kungenzeka ukuthola ngokugcizelela ikakhulukazi isimo senhlalo. Abaculi ezifana, isibonelo, Amaravati, wazama phikisana ngokoqobo. Ekufuneni kwami ngokusebenzisa izinhlamvu bafuna ukwethula izigcawu hhayi kuphela empilweni Buddha sika, kodwa futhi, isibonelo, ukukhulekelwa Yaksha nemithi, okuyinto kwakuvamile kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi phakathi kwabantu. Kodwa akuzona zonke art of eNdiya yasendulo yayizimisele izici zokuphila kwansuku zonke. Abaculi zihlale esijulile ukugcizelela ukuthi izenzakalo sangaphandle imvelo kungadala izinzwa okunqunyelwe. Imvelo, ngokombono wabo, ecebile ukubaluleka okujulile ongokomfanekiso. Ubuciko eNdiya yasendulo amumethe iminonjana Cosmology, okungakwazi kuqondwe ngaphandle kukhulunywa izincwadi Indian lasendulo. izici ezinjalo zingatholakala kuze kube VI imidwebo leminyaka Ajanta Bug.

Indian Culture VI - X eminyaka.

izakhi ezintsha kwaqala ukuvela kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi wakwaGupta. Abaculi baye wasiyeka umuntu, kodwa waqala ukubonisa ke onkulunkulu endaweni yazo. Futhi ngisho nale akusabhekwa Basaba alalelwa nsuku zonke, nakuba kancane. Image of nature babé stereotyped ngaphezulu. Njengoba nje kulotshiwe ku nale nkathi, ukuncipha Vishnu purana Dharmottara ungathola nesigaba okhethekile elalinikezelwe imidwebo, obhekisela kanjani le mihlangano kufanele kuqashelwe. Emakhulwini eminyaka alandela zobuciko singabona ngokuyisisekelo nje indaba ephathwayo, anikezelwe onkulunkulu, futhi kancane kakhulu - wamanje ngesikhathi ukuphila.

Art X - XIV eminyaka.

Ngemva kwekhulu le-10 in umdwebo Indian, kanye emibhalweni yesandla Buddhist, ungathola Izinto ezimbalwa kakhulu nemvelo kanye empilweni yesimanje. Ukuziba abaculi ezizungezile bagxila kuphela Buddhist onkulunkulu, nonkulunkulukazi mandalas. Njengoba ngaphambi kokuba bathole isikhala elinganiselwe, abaculi sasaneliswa izithombe zonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi. It igcwalisa umbhalo wesandla, lapho kuboniswa, amandla omlingo kuwenza into wokwenama of abayithandayo eNdiya. art Indian kungokwasekuqaleni kakhulu. Okuwukuphela amathonya zangaphandle, okuyinto babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli abaculi, izinkolelo Tantric nobuBuddha. Abazange anakekele futhi nemvelo noma Izimo zempilo nenhlalo yezindawo naleso sikhathi.

Art India XIV - XVI eminyaka.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-14, abadwebi baye baba nesithakazelo kancane ngaphezulu indlela yokuphila izihloko kwemvelo. Imisebenzi yabo kungabonwa ukubonakaliswa eyeqisayo Muslim ngomfanekiso konke okwabezizwe eyabonakala kuzo. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kwadingeka eyayiqiniseka mayelana abaseTurkey, ngaleso sikhathi ibusa izingxenye enyakatho nasentshonalanga yeNdiya. Ngo imisebenzi yabo kwezindawo zemvelo ufanekiselwe ingxenye ehlukile ye ukwakheka, hhayi kuphela njengoba ngemuva ukuze scene esithile.

Ubuciko okubonakalayo India kunikeza umqondo ocacile kakhulu ezimpilweni abantu sika kunanoma iyiphi eminye imithombo kwezincwadi ngesikhathi. Ekhulwini le-16 wawusanamathele lesi sithakazelo. Ngokokuqala ngqá zikhona, isibonelo, izithombe zabantu ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, kwabalimi nabelusi, futhi abesifazane ehilelekile ekuphileni komkhaya nsuku zonke. Nature futhi uye waba okuningi kabanzi emelelwa, uvele full-scale umfanekiso kwamahlathi kanye izilwane zasendle. art Indian isibe egcwele nezincazelo entsha.