Picric acid: I-Concise incazelo izinto

Picric Acid - kuyinto kuyinkimbinkimbi chemical izidakamizwa okuyinto esuselwe nitro ka phenol. By endleleni, lokhu kwakwakhe is kwezesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi "TRINITROPHENOL". Into uqobo kanye nosawoti alo asetshenziswa njengoba iziqhumane.

Picric acid: ifomula kanye Izakhiwo

Trinitrophenol ifomula simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

C6H2 (NO2) 3OH

Ngesimo okumsulwa, picric acid kuyinto okuqinile, esakhiwa zinhlayiya ipuleti-like. zinhlayiya okunjalo kungaba kungekho nto enemibala emihle noma abe-tint kancane aphuzi. Iphuzu ukuncibilika le nto kwaba + 122.5 degrees Celsius.

Trinitrophenol ukunambitha munyu kakhulu, nothuli yayo ecasula amavesi acinene. Isikhathi eside ephefumula izidakamizwa eziyingozi umzimba womuntu, ngoba kuholela ubuthi, ukulimala kwezinso futhi ukubukeka izifo zesikhumba. Izinto kanye contact engathandeki nge nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Isibonelo, iso conjunctiva ngemva ukushaya ke picric acid uthuli lungashintsha lube ophuzi.

Picric acid: amakhemikhali ukwakheka kanye izici eziyinhloko

TRINITROPHENOL kabi encibilikayo emanzini, nakuba izinga lokushisa kwandisa solubility imingcele iyakhula. Nokho, kuphela ekahle ketshezi kuyinto benzene kanye methanol, chloroform futhi acetone.

Picric acid Kanti liyakwazi obumba okuthiwa eutectic Izingxube. Iqiniso ukuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuma kwenza nobunzima bokusebenza ne imishini nezikhali. Futhi uma udala ingxube trinitrokrezolom nitronaphthalene noma sibalo kungenzeka kancane encishisiwe.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi TRINITROPHENOL - kunalokho eqinile acid, okuyinto ngokushesha futhi ngenkuthalo ungene exchange ukusabela. Ukuxhumana kasawoti metal kwakhiwa - kangaka okuthiwa picrates. I nosawoti ezisetshenziswa kakhulu lomthofu, sodium, insimbi ne-calcium. Ngokuthakazelisayo, picric acid nosawoti ebucayi ngaphezulu, edinga ukunakekela okungeziwe ekukhiqizeni nezinhlamvu.

Picric acid iziqhumane

Emlandweni kwakuyizwi TRINITROPHENOL kuqala ngempumelelo alufakwa. izakhiwo Iziqhumani acid nosawoti yalo buye batholakala eduze kokuphela kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili, kodwa yasetshenziswa kakhulu phakathi nempi kwaqala kuphela 30s of XIX leminyaka.

Ukusebenzisa trinitrophenol wanikeza sikhonzi esaba negalelo elisha ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa lempi. Iqiniso lokuthi picrates futhi picric acid ngokwayo izakhiwo kakhulu okukhulu ukushaqeka ngendlela elimazayo kunokuba powder esasetshenziswa ngalezo zinsuku.

Isiqongo ukuthandwa wabo wafika iziqhumane ezinjalo phakathi Second neMpi Yezwe. Ngezinye namuhla, kulobu buchwepheshe sibizwa cishe akazange asebenzise.

Kanjani ukuze uthole TRINITROPHENOL?

Picric acid angatholakala ngesikhathi nitration ngqo ka phenol ukuphendula ne lokuhlala eliphezulu nitric acid. Kodwa ngaphambi ecabanga lapho ukuthenga nitric acid, kuyafaneleka ukuthi senqubo yokukhiqiza noma pikrina picrates kuyingozi kakhulu. Umlando uyazi izigameko eziningi ezihlobene nezinhlekelele ezihlasimulisayo.

Ukusebenzisa picric acid

Eqinisweni TRINITROPHENOL isetshenziswe kuphela ukudala iziqhumane. Lokhu uxhumano isakazeke kwezinye imikhakha yezezimboni. Ngokwesibonelo, pikrin yikhasi eliphakathi nendawo enkulu ekwakhekeni udayi ezithile.

Ingqikithi ubelokhu eqashelwa emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ngezinye izikhathi elisetshenziselwa njengenhlangano isinqandakuvunda.

Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa izinsimbi picric acid isetshenziswa njengenhlangano etchant. Ngo umkhakha chemical isetshenziswa kulethe ngesikhathi yokusabela polymerization. Kusukela kulo ulungisiwe njengomlobokazi zombala ngoba staining Histology noma amasampula ukuze maka izilwane zokucwaninga.