Owesifazane wokuqala emkhathini - omunye phambi okuyinto esibhakabhakeni, "Wakhumula isigqoko sakhe"

Owesifazane wokuqala emkhathini - akuyona nje ubhale ekhasini elehlukile kule encyclopedia, hhayi nje isigaba esilandelayo isikhala Soviet-American sokuba itholane phezulu, akukho ngisho hola enjabulo bababuke nenhlonipho. It kokuzama emzabalazweni. Impi yokulwa kubo, nalezi zimo ngisho nemvelo. Le mpi ezaholela ekumiseni ukungafi.

Owesifazane wokuqala emkhathini, uValentina Tereshkova, ukuze uqaphele le iphupho ezizukulwane eziningi Earthlings kakhulu ukubona iplanethi yethu esuka sisithole ukuphakama kakhulu abantu. Yena waba nomhawu, bayahlonishwa, futhi abaningi ngisho besho nokusho ukuthi ngoba baqonde ukuthi abathathu laba usuku indiza yaba iminyaka ukuqeqeshwa akhathazayo nokuhlolwa.

Umqalisi ukuthumela owesifazane emkhathini baba, yebo, S. P. Korolev. Uhlanga isikhala phakathi amabili ayizikhondlakhondla zezikhali ngemva kwendiza Gagarin sika hhayi kuphela, kodwa usezuze yisisusa esisha. Kwakudingekile ukuba ubufakazi obusha eziphathekayo kubaholi isayensi kazwelonke kanye nobuchwepheshe. Ubufakazi obunjalo baba owesifazane wokuqala emkhathini.

Ukulungiselela yale ndiza waqala ngo-1962, lapho kulo lonke elaseSoviet Union, waqala ukubheka amantombazane ethambile ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-30, ukukhula hhayi okungaphezu kokukodwa namashumi ayisikhombisa amasentimitha nge esihle ukuqeqeshwa parachute kanye idumela lihle. Empeleni, ukuba bawine isihloko "owesifazane wokuqala emkhathini," waphendula amakhulu contender, kodwa ikhomishini ixazululwe eziphakamisweni ezinhlanu, phakathi kwabo cishe ngokushesha wathatha indima yokuhola Tereshkova.

Flight ukulungiselela owawuse ezindaweni onokhahlo, okuyinto athwale hhayi ngisho nawo wonke amadoda ayengaphansi kwayiphi amandla. Ikakhulukazi, la mantombazane asemancane ngezinye compulsorily kwenziwe ngokusebenzisa ukushisa indawana ekhethekile, lapho izinga lokushisa wagcinwa at degrees ayisikhombisa ngenhla zero, futhi bavunyelwe ukuba ume izinsuku eziyishumi kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ngesikhathi indiza ebhanoyini ekhethekile abanqobi ezingaba isikhala weightlessness ihlelwe izikhathi, phakathi labewacondzakala ukwenza imisebenzi ekhethekile.

Uhambo lokuqala luzoba we Cosmonaut owesifazane kwakugcwele eziningi imibuzo olukhohlisayo, abangasizakalanga ngakho ngisho wacabanga yini lapho ulungiselela amadoda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi eside eziyisithupha zamarandi ekuqeqesheni parachute, ngoba ngaphandle lamakhono ngeke kwenzeke ukubuya ephephile futhi ephilile Earth.

V. Tereshkova ukukhetha wawa hhayi kuphela ngoba lolungenamaphutsa lidlule lonke uvivinyo, obonisa ezisindayo ukukhuthazela, nokuzikhethela ngokuzethemba. Thi okwakubaluleke ngokufanayo okuthiwa isici zezombusazwe: njengoba Gagarin, uValentina wazalwa wakhulela endaweni yokusebenza ejwayelekile, okuyinto enamathiselwe ukubaluleka okukhulu.

Lo mkhumbi, owawungumnyaka wokuqala wesifazane-Cosmonaut, wethulwa June 16, 1963, indiza yayo yathatha cishe izinsuku ezintathu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, Tereshkova wenza eziningi izithombe surface eMhlabeni, olwenziwa uchungechunge ucwaningo lwezokwelapha olwenziwa Diaries. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi kamuva, ngesikhathi ematfuba yakhe mlando 48 wazibonela a ukungakhululeki ezimbezi lolungenamaphutsa waliyisa waqala ukuqeda. Emuva Emhlabeni, ngokushesha waba legend.