Operating ingcindezi uketshezi. Sahlulela

Ukubhekana nenkinga "uketshezi ingcindezi" ukuqala nge izibonelo zakudala futhi kancane kancane uqhubekela eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinzima eyinkimbinkimbi salokhu. Ukuze esibuthakathaka cylindrical, ogama odongeni ngokuqinile mpo, a phansi ovundlile, ingcindezi hydrostatic we ketshezi wathela phezu h ukuphakama iphuzu ngalinye ngezansi kuyoba zinjalo. Ifomula kuhlaziywa lesi ubuningi lizovela p = rgh, lapho r - ukuminyana uketshezi; g - ukusheshisa gravity; h - ukuphakama kukholamu ketshezi. Inani p ngoba zonke amaphuzu phansi okufanayo.

Kwethulwa ku isitsha phansi endaweni ifomula S, umuntfu angakhona kubala a ingcindezi amandla F. Njengoba ukucindezela unamanzi phansi umkhumbi zonke iphuzu elifanayo, ube esefika esiphethweni esinengqondo ukuza ifomula F = rghS.

Kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi kulesi simo ingcindezi amandla ukuba phansi uyalingana isisindo ketshezi batheleka isitsha cylindrical ukuma efanele. Kubonakala ayindida, kodwa incazelo yesayensi futhi enengqondo ethi ifomula F = rghS usebenzela izitsha izinhlobo ezahlukene kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphansi nezindinganiso ezifanayo S - endaweni phansi futhi h - ukuphakama ezingeni liquid ingcindezi ketshezi phansi okufanayo zonke izinto, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi yokuhlala ivolumu ngamunye isitsha ngabanye. Isisindo ketshezi empeleni kugcwaliswe izitsha noma iyiphi ukuma kungenzeka ezincane nesikhulu kunabo amabutho ingcindezi phansi, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi wanelise umthetho ngenhla.

Ukulandela izimiso eziyisisekelo zesayensi yemvelo ukuqinisekisa iziphetho theory practice, Pascal liphakanyiswe ukusebenzisa lolu cingo, yaqamba igama layo ngokuthi siqu. Isici esiyinhloko le divayisi sokumelela ekhethekile, okuvumela ukuba silungise izitsha nokuma okuhlukahlukene, okuyinto ungenalo phansi. Phansi ezitsheni isebenza uvalwe yayicindezele plate ngezansi, okuyinto isendaweni eyodwa ingalo ugongolo ibhalansi.

Setha isisindo nensimbi yokwensimbi inkomishi omunye rocker futhi ziqala ukugcwalisa isitsha ngamanzi. Lapho ukucindezela uketshezi kuzophoqelela mkhulu kunezinhliziyo isisindo izinsimbi, uketshezi kuzovula ipuleti, futhi Ngiyothululela ngokweqile. Ngu yokulinganisa ukuphakama ikholomu amanzi, kungenzeka ukubala ukubaluleka kwamanani ka umfutho iphoqa phansi nesisindo eqhathaniswa izinsimbi.

Ikhumbula kungenzeka ukufeza okukhulu ingcindezi amabutho esincane amanzi, nje okwandisa ukuphakama ezingeni amanzi kukholamu, kungenzeka ukunikeza incazelo okwamanje kungesinye isenzakalo esithakazelisayo, njengoba kuchazwe ngu Pascal.

Ukuze isivalo phezulu caulked imiphongolo entsha ngokuphelele, ezigcwele phama ngamanzi, kwathiwa exhunywe ngamapayipi eside lapho amanzi kuthululwe. I tube kwadingeka section encane engu-, yebhangqa izinkomishi zamanzi kwakwanele ukukhulisa kukholamu amanzi ephakeme eside. Ngesinye isikhathi esededelwe, entsha okunomsoco sigubhu yaphuka udwenguliwe. Kungakhathaliseki inani liquid egcwele, okungukuthi amanzi ikholomu ikhuphukile ingcindezi phansi umgqomo. Ngenxa yalokho, inani ezibucayi force ezaholela ukudabuka we esitsheni yadalwa.

Umehluko kanti isisindo wangempela uketshezi ingcindezi amabutho phansi isitsha ngenxa offset force, elibangela ingcindezi uketshezi at kodonga isitsha. Lokho ukuthambekela izindonga isitsha kuholela yokuthi lokhu ingcindezi iqondiswa noma phezulu noma phansi, ngokulandelana, okuholela uhlelo zilingana.

Iyatholakala ukuba nomuntu olugcwele upwardly sibhekana ingcindezi uketshezi phezulu. Okuhlangenwe nakho okuthakazelisayo zingenziwa ngokulungiselela ukufakwa elula. Kumele fixedly asibethela piston ukubeka isilinda, okuyinto ludlulele ngaphakathi tube ukukhwezwa thwi. Bathele amanzi ngokusebenzisa tube, bebona njengoba ugcwalisa isikhala ngaphezu piston kuholela baphakamise isilinda.

Kufinyeta, welithi "ingcindezi" lingachazwa ngokuthi isilinganiso amandla osithathayo isinyathelo perpendicular ebusweni maqondana endaweni yayo. Single ingcindezi ukubaluleka ilingana komunye Pascal (1 Pa) kanye nezenzo ezihambisana nalo bebutho elilodwa Newton (N 1) per imitha square (1 m).

NgokoMthetho Pascal sika, ingcindezi olutholwa uketshezi (igesi) uthunyelwa ingashintshiwe ukuze iphuzu ivolumu okusamanzi (igesi) ngamunye. Proper uketshezi ingcindezi (igesi) kuyafana ezingeni ukuphakama ethile. Nge ukujula luyanda.