On abandayo injini troit: Izizathu eziyinhloko

Yangaphakathi omlilo injini esetshenziswa izimoto kuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Futhi nje umklamo walo is njalo ngcono. Nokho, naphezu sesimanje global, iningi yangaphakathi omlilo injini ukwehluleka aziwayo kakade futhi Sekuyisikhathi eside afunda, futhi ngakho-ke akuqede kuyinto ngempela ngempela. Esihlokweni lanamuhla sizoxoxa izinkinga ezifana motor UKWENZA. Kungani troit injini futhi yiziphi izimpawu zalesi ukwehluleka? Konke lokhu kanye nje kuphela - kamuva kulesi sihloko.

Kwahamba kusuka egameni zokugwema ukuphuka?

Kungani izinjini nge iphutha efanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi "troyat" kunokuthi "dvoyat" noma "ezine"? Iqiniso liwukuthi izinjini eziningi zezizukulwane ezedlule ibe 4 cylinder. Ngakho, lapho umuntu wayeka ukufundisa ngo motor ukuhambisa 3 wabo kuphela. Kulokhu, injini umsindo sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Ngemva kwalokho, futhi kwakukhona okufana isici igama zokugwema ukuphuka ngokuthi "UKWENZA". Ngiqonde, kuba 3 kuphela amasilinda.

Nokho, Okwamanje, ungase troit 6- noma 8-cylinder imoto injini. Yebo, kusukela umbono wesayensi ukusebenzisa leli gama okungahambi kahle, kodwa iningi Mechanics yethu lwaleli umonakalo ngaleyo ndlela. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziningi kangakanani amasilinda injini - ezine, isishiyagalombili noma ishumi nambili bebonke.

Kungani injini troit?

Ngakho kungani abandayo troit injini? ukusebenza olungalungile injini ngokuvamile esibangelwa izinkinga ezimbili. Lo mkhuba isilinda kokungenzi lutho kungase kuphakame uma ikhamera akuyona ingxube ezivuthayo, noma uma lokhu lutho okhela ketshezi. Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi ncamashi inkinga lingaphakathi isilinda. Ngo yesimanje udizili injectors futhi amaningi electronics, izinzwa nokulawula amayunithi. Noma yimuphi yokwehluleka kwabo kungabangela UKWENZA. Ngakho-ke, funa imbangela yalesi okubi kufanele kube maphakathi inkonzo, ikakhulukazi uma imoto entsha amazwe.

Futhi inothi kuyiqiniso, njengoba ukuntuleka kwamandla, okwenzeka ngesikhathi ezintathu injini. Kungase siwela phezu kwanoma iyiphi izindlela ezahlukene ukusebenza - sithwele, ngaphambi noma ngemva Ukushisa, noma "ku umkhuhlane." Futhi ukwakha kule, kufanele ufune imbangela ezibangela ukubhalelwa kuziphendulela ngefanelo. Lokhu kungaba umphini esesiphelile futhi banal okunobuthi lemifanekiso air.

imiphumela

Abanye abashayeli musa unamathisele Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuba le nkinga. Futhi lokhu akulungile kakhulu, ngoba imiphumela ingaba ezingalindelekile ngokuphelele. Into yokuqala okumele uqaphele - lena okusezingeni eliphezulu petrol. Uma amakhaza troit injini nakanjani ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwalo. Ngenxa okungafanele uphethiloli amandla omlilo nje kuqale "ipayipi", ukuvimbela piston kudingekile umfutho lokukhanda. Ngakho, i-ezintathu injini petrol kungase kwandise ngu-50, 60, noma ngisho 100 amaphesenti. Lapho le ngxube akuyona lushiswe isilinda, kungcolisa emkhathini, ebhubhisa kulethe (futhi oxidizes inzwa lambda uphenyo, ukwakha idiphozi kuyo) noma luwele crankcase lapho Ihlangana ngamafutha kamuva. umthwalo elikhulu onikezwe crankshaft, block injini nayo yonke iqembu isilinda-piston. Lokhu kakhulu kuthinta impilo yabo. Uma kungenjalo ukulungiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlupheka, injini ukulungiswa kungaba ezinkulu izindleko into ngawe. Ngakho ungalibali kokususwa iphutha.

Indlela ukunquma ukuthi injini troit abandayo?

Ngokuvamile abashayeli siyalazi leli yi-isici umsindo umsebenzi wakhe. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi umsindo ezwakalayo vibration ipayipi qeda. okubomvu okukhanyayo "Hlola Engin" ingase futhi ibonakale ongakanani semoto.

Kukhona nezinye izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi injini waqala troit:

• vibration umzimba. Futhi ungakwazi nokuzamazama injini block uqobo.

• umfutho engazinzile ku idling.

• fuel Ukwandiswa ukusetshenziswa.

• Ukulahlekelwa lubonakale kwamandla injini.

Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba ngamunye lezi zimpawu futhi kungase kubonise nomunye umonakalo. Ngakho-ke, kumele kuthathwe njengeziphakamiso kuphela eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Kungani uMbhalo?

Ngakho, ngenxa yalokho injini troit? "Priora", elibangela ukungasebenzi amasilinda iyafana nezinye izimoto ngesikhathi sethu, ahlahlele ngenxa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. Ignition isikhathi kahle obala.

2. inhlansi engesiyo ukuthi inhlansi wayeka (kuphela umshini emotweni lapho kuhlanganiswa khona umoya nomusi kaphethiloli futhi injector izinjini).

3. emoyeni ukuvuza esiphakamayo cleaner ukubopha.

4. valve ashisiwe (isithombe omunye wabo ungabona ngakwesokudla).

5. Igugile piston izindandatho.

6. Timing ukuphulwa.

7. Ovalekile lemifanekiso air.

8. Ashisiwe isilinda ikhanda gasket.

9. Igugile valve rockers.

10. i ukuvuza air ezininginingi eyanele.

11. ukulahlekelwa yobunzima. Singasho senziwa bafake noma ukusonteka we ulwelwesi cleaner Umlawuli ukuthungela isikhathi.

12. Bakhathale eziveza swivel ipuleti.

13. Engesiyo kushaft full distributor.

14. Of piston wokushiswa. Endabeni ukuhluleka ezinjalo kuba oyingqayizivele injini troit.

15. Carburetor ehlaselwe ukulungiswa ayilungile.

Indlela ukuthola isilinda ephukile?

Yenza kube lula. Ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukusebenza onembile isilinda inikezwe kumelwe bazabela decoupled kusukela ephezulu voltage inhlansi lugs izintambo. Njengomthetho, ukufinyelela kubo inikezwa ngaphandle kwazo iyiphi izakhi. Lezi izintambo kungabonwa ngokushesha nje oyivulile hood yena esemotweni yakhe. Ngakho, ukuvimbela ithiphu futhi sikulalelisise isigqi injini. Uma akashintshi ke usuthole uMbhalo eziphukile kakhulu.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho nokunqamula izintambo

Akufanele sibakhohlwe mayelana izinyathelo zokuphepha. Noma kunjalo, kungcono ephezulu voltage izintambo, hhayi 12 engama-volt angu "izintambo" amancane. Into yokuqala ukubeka ngaphansi imilenze impahla Kwe-dielectric Heating esingavunyelwe kokuqhuba kagesi ngokusebenzisa uqobo. Lokhu kungaba uhlaka iraba noma ibhodi lokhuni. Futhi bagcine unqamule ubuchwepheshe izintambo. Khumbula, ukugcina iminwe yakho akudingeki ngoba cap futhi ucingo. Futhi-ke, it is hhayi Kunconywa ngalesi sikhathi mafutha emzimbeni khulula isandla elingenalutho. Khumbula ukuthi non-ukuhambisana nale mithetho, ungathatha ingozi yokuthola hit ephezulu voltage ukushaqeka.

Okufanele ukwenze uma injini abandayo troit? ukuhlaziywa eningiliziwe amaphutha

Uma wazi kahle imbangela lesi simanga, ukuxazulula inkinga yangaphakathi omlilo injini lula kunalokho ukwenza konke ngokungahleliwe. Ngenhla siye ohlwini sezizathu esiyinhloko ukwehluleka kungavuka omunye amasilinda, ngenxa yalokho injini imoto eletha vibration extra, athatha fuel futhi akusho ukudonsa ngesikhathi ukushesha. Manje ake sibheke ngamunye izinto ngazinye.

Ukusetha isikhathi ukuthungela

Uma uMbhalo sinqatshelwe yalesi sizathu, cishe, uzozwa ziyavela ehlukile, lapho injini kuyoba gxuma okuncane. Ukuze ukwazi ukubona lokhu iphutha kumele ulalele umsindo injini ngokucophelela kuphela ngesivinini aphansi. Iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi wakhe ku ukusebenza ephezulu angabekwa, bese wedlulela umjikelezo kwelinye amasilinda is undistinguished. Lapho ezwa umsindo okunjalo futhi oshaya, kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi isikhathi ukuthungela yenjini evezwa ngendlela efanele, okungukuthi ekuseni ngokweqile.

amakhandlela

On the troit injini abandayo, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, omunye wabo - kungcono inhlansi okungalungile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkinga asivelanga nhlobo imibuso lokushisa motor. Iqiniso liwukuthi emva amalahle umsindo ehlukile futhi vibration ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala noma abe ngaphansi ekhululekile. Okufanele ukwenze kuleli cala? Okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi amasilinda ingenzi lutho, usebenzisa imiyalelo ngenhla. Okulandelayo, uyasikrufulula plug inhlansi kanye nokuhlola isimo yayo kwesakhiwo. Engqondweni yakhe, ungakwazi ahlulele impilo injini. Ngakho, lokho kufanele sinake? Okokuqala, bheka ukuthi umbala yisivikelo we electrode emaphakathi. Ukuthi kusemthethweni yini ikhandlela serviceable noma cha, silula. Ngesikhathi imininingwane nokusebenza kwe-yisivikelo ulula noma kancane brown. Uma umbala lihlukile evamile, udinga ukuthola ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuba khona coke noma uwoyela iminonjana ku wathi yisivikelo ebusweni ukuthi ingxube ahlanganiswe kakhulu agelezela egumbini amandla omlilo. Ukwakheka kwalo ugcwalisa ikhandlela, noma phezu emgcoba ngamafutha. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukuphazamiseka isusa, kanti ngenxa yalokho - the UKWENZA injini.

ukungcola ikhandlela kubangela lezi zinto ezilandelayo kungase kube:

• Ukwephula Imibhobho esemzimbeni.

• Ukungasebenzi oxygen inzwa (lambda Uphenyo).

• kokucindezelwa okuphansi e uMbhalo.

• Ukwephula isikhathi.

• Engesiyo isheke valve supply system.

• Ingxenye umsebenzi injini idling at ukufudumala.

Khona-ke udinga ukubuka isimo okusobala umzimba ikhandlela. Lesi sakamuva kumele kube yinombolo. Ukuba khona imifantu futhi chips kungenzeka. Futhi akuvumelekile ahlukahlukene imivimbo omnyama amachashazi amnyama. Uma ngabe kunjalo, ikhandlela kumelwe ithathelwe.

Futhi-ke, kufanele uhlole izinga isusa. Ukuze ubone kahle ukuthi ikhandlela, udinga ukufaka ukuziqalela futhi uyigcine at ibanga 1.5-2 cm kusuka uquqaba. Uma elikhanyayo ube yinhlansi esikhulu blue livela phakathi electrode ke into isebenza kahle. Uma troit injini at angomahlalela ngesikhathi Ukushisa, 100% inkinga senziwa amakhandlela. Ayikho inhlansi noma ukukhanya ongaphakeme ongakhuluma ngazo amaphutha alandelayo:

• Zokugwema ukuphuka of ikhoyili ukuthungela.

• inkinobho engesiyo.

• Ukumelana Ukwandiswa high-voltage izintambo.

Yiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuba uhlole ikhandlela futhi ngenye indlela, ukuvala electrode ibhodi "mass". Nokho, khumbula ukuthi ngale ndlela kuyosho ukuthi uhlole izingxenye ukusebenza kuphela, kungeke kusaba khona. A inhlansi kuyinto izinga uhlolwa indlela esiye kuchaziwe ngenhla.

inhlansi engesiyo - lokho ngoba lokho ngokuvamile troit injini "injector". Izizathu ze-non-ukusebenza uMbhalo, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kungenzeka ezicathama bafake yabo banal noma ukuqongelela ungcolisa ahlukahlukene, yingakho le nto ayikwazi akha inhlansi evamile. Ngakho-ke, uma une injini uphethiloli kwasekuqaleni, ukuzohlola isimo sangaphandle inhlansi.

Ukubhidlika ku izintambo ephezulu voltage

Ngaphansi ngokuvamile troit injini idling ngenxa yokubhidlika izintambo ephezulu voltage. Kodwa le nkinga, futhi, isixazululekile ngokuphelele. Hlola ukunemba ephezulu voltage izintambo kungcono kakhulu ebumnyameni - ngakho ubona izinhlansi okuyinto izobanjelwa ngaphandle. Kulokhu, injini kumele akwazi kule sikhungo. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi indlela ukusiza. Kuqondane ukuthi isampula kwamiswa hhayi emazombezombe, futhi ngaphakathi kuwo bekulokhu, ukuthi lilimele izintambo ngokwabo. Esimweni esinjalo, thatha imitha ulinganise ukumelana bokuzisholo. Kungakuhle kumele singeqi 20 ohms. Uma uthola inhlansi noma ushintsho ezingeni ukumelana, high-voltage izintambo, esikhundleni emisha. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi zingabantu anobude obungalingani. Ubokhumbula njalo-ke ubude bawo ngaphambi kokuthenga, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukuthenga sifushane noma eside.

isiphetho

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi kungani troit injini kubanda futhi kanjani ukuxazulula le nkinga ezimweni ezahlukene. Ekugcineni, siphawula ukuthi ukubambezeleka ne ukuqeda lesi simo akufanele kube. Kungenjalo, injini ukulungiswa ezibizayo kuyoba akunakugwenywa. Futhi-ke, musa kuncisha amakhandlela ukunakwa. Kuyinto ku ukuseviswa yabo ingase ixhomeke lonke injini ukusebenza. Ngakho it is hhayi Kunconywa ukufaka ongakhetha nengabizi.