I yangaphakathi omlilo injini kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo ezweni lanamuhla

Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, okwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kanye eziningi eziye zatholwa elihlakaniphile kwaholela kokusungulwa thuluzi usizo njengesilwane yangaphakathi omlilo engine. Ngenxa yalesi isintu siye sazama ukuba ngokuphelele ukushintsha izwe futhi wenze isinyathelo esemqoka ekuthuthukisweni kwempucuko. Namuhla, lezi izinjini kabanzi hhayi kuphela embonini yezimoto, kodwa futhi umkhakha, bakuphi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yonke inqubo uchungechunge ukukhiqizwa. Zonke izimboni, izitshalo kanye nezinye izikhungo yezimboni zincike ngqo amayunithi yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini avumela ukuba afeze wonke umsebenzi odingekayo.

I yangaphakathi omlilo injini uhlobo motor umshini ezishisayo, lapho amandla ketshezi noma gaseous carbonaceous fuel iguqulwe ibe umsebenzi lokukhanda. Ngenxa omlilo leso kukaphethiloli endaweni yokusebenza kwe-cylinder inikezwa yi ukunyakaza rotationally reciprocating, okuyinto ushayela crankshaft. Ukuthi lokhu luwumgogodla injini egijima kwi nophethiloli.

Ngokuvamile, yangaphakathi omlilo injini, futhi izici zako ezisemqoka ezisetshenzisiwe ajwayeleke endaweni umuntu ovamile Ngokwesibonelo imoto. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi amandla injini incike ivolumu yamasilinda yayo, ngoba bulkier ngaphandle uphethiloli ukuxubana uzokwenza, ukuze umthelela crankshaft, futhi liyoba namandla. Uma ukhuluma ngezilonda izinjini zezimboni, okuyinto ukufakwa izitshalo amandla, izitshalo zezimboni, Mills abandayo kanye nezinye izikhungo, amandla abo ulinganiswa emakhulwini amaningi amahhashi.

Ngo ukusebenza uhlelo kwanoma iyiphi uphethiloli motor ngempela kuhlanganisa uhlelo Ukupholisa ngomoya kanye Lubrication. Kusukela ngo-inqubo futhi zikhiphe imali enkulu ukushisa ukuvimbela okweqile yenjini yenziwa lwaluyophola jacket ekhethekile. Ngenxa yalesi kukhona isilinda lwaluyophola, kanye yangaphakathi omlilo injini ongasebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye ebalulekile kunoma iyiphi injini kuyinto uhlelo Lubrication ukuthi kunciphisa izinga bafake zonke izingxenye ezinyakazayo. Izinga amafutha engine kuxhomeke kakhulu, ngakho yezinhlobo ezahlukene izinjini ukukhiqiza amafutha ezahlukene okungase zokwenziwa, semi zokwenziwa nokumbiwa. Injini entsha, ngokuvamile owabangelwa uwoyela amaminerali, ngoba inikeza engcono wamafutha izingxenye ezintsha komunye nomunye. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhundleni nge zokwenziwa noma semisynthetic, kuye ngokuthi izidingo umenzi.

Zonke izinjini yalolu hlobo zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili amakhulu:

1. Ababili-unhlangothi injini amandla omlilo. Kufakiwe, ngokuvamile izimoto ukukhanya isithuthuthu uhlobo, isithuthuthu, Scooters futhi mopeds. motor okunjalo kuhlanganisa crankcase, lapho nhlangothi zombili igibele ngokusebenzisa amabombo crankshaft amasilinda. Ngayinye yalezi amasilinda kuyinto piston okuyinto beaker metal belted izindandatho ekhethekile, linamathele inkatho. Basuke okudingekayo ukuze amagesi qeda awele igebe phakathi piston futhi isilinda imishini. Lesi sakamuva ixhunywe induku uxhuma bushing ekhethekile (umunwe), nakho edlulisa ezinyakazayo rectilinear kuya crankshaft.
2. Ezine-unhlangothi omlilo yangaphakathi injini. It has a isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngenxa okuyinto wonke ezinyakazayo ukujikeleza-Translational wenziwa 4 iwashi imijikelezo. Lokho izinjini ezifana anemisila zonke izimoto, ngoba lesi simiso inikeza amandla esiphezulu, okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze umuntu ukuhamba izimoto esindayo.

Modern yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini njalo ngcono, kuphumele leveli yokuphelela anda umthamo luyanda. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kusukela iphuzu kwemvelo umbono, zilimaza imvelo Basaba uyohlala endaweni yokuqala ngokuya isicelo phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye imibono izinjini. motors kagesi Awukwazi ancintisane nabo, ngoba umthamo ephansi kakhulu.