Ode - okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi inkondlo

Kuyini ODE? Leli gama ekuqaleni waba yemagama: inkondlo lyric, ezenziwa choir kanye umculo. Ode eGrisi lasendulo akazange ihluke ngandlela-thile ahlukene uhlobo senkondlo. Leli gama lihunyushwe ngokuthi "vesi inkulumo ethi". abalobi sidilizwa wabahlukanisa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: umdanso tune, ungowosizi, udumo. Ode - ifomu yokukhuluma, okuvame yakhetha lezo zibalo okhazimulayo endulo, efana Pindar futhi Horace.

I epikinii ekuqaleni lalotshwa - izingoma zokudumisa fighters ophumelele enkundleni. Injongo eyinhloko yawo lezi zinkondlo ayebhekwa nokugcina morale izimbangi. izici zabo - kugcizelelwa grandiloquence, solemnity futhi ocebile okwakhiwe ngamazwi. Pindarovskaya ODE - ngokuvamile kunzima ukuqonda inkondlo, ahlanganiswe unmotivated ukuhwebelana associative. Ngemva kwesikhashana, lolu hlobo inkondlo kwaphinde ophucwa "bokukhuluma" akhethekile ithathwa njengendlela yokudumisa. Umlobi ongumRoma Horace ekugcineni umhlalaphansi "isifo lyrical", nobuntu art ngesiGreki Pindar. Uyabhala ngaphandle grandiloquence, ukuqonda yonke isitayela, ngezinye izikhathi nge touch of indida. izinkondlo zakhe avame ziqondiswe umuntu othize. Kubonakala sengathi lokhu ngomzamo ukukholisa othile ifomu vesi.

Oda njengoba uhlobo inkondlo ngemva kokuwa amasiko asendulo akhohlwe ukuthi Ngemva kokubhujiswa okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, eside ukhohliwe. Kuye ababuyi emuva Renaissance, okwakubekelwa ishukunyiswa isifiso ukuba classicism. Kodwa kunomehluko phakathi abalobi creative XVII-XVIII eminyaka futhi Antiquity. Ngokwesibonelo, imbongi engumGreki wahlabelela izinkondlo zakhe, ngokuvamile kwezinsimbi zomculo nangezindlela nobuciko bokusina. Futhi izimbongi XVII-XVIII eminyaka nje kuphela ukufunda nokubhala. Nokho, njengoba abalobi basendulo, aphendukela insimbi yomculo - olunezintambo, nakuba lingazange liligcine izandla zakhe onkulunkulu Apollo, uZeyusi, Yiqiniso, babengakholelwa khona kwabo. Ngakho, izimbongi Renaissance kodwa kwanhlanga abalandeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkondlo yezimbongi ngesiGreki ngaba nemizwa okuningi kanye nemigqondo. Ukudumisa abawinile, abazange bamkhohlwe ukuba adumise takhamiti nawoyise. Lokho kwakunganele abalobi Russian kanye zaseYurophu izinkondlo. INjabulo okuyinto babonisa, kaningi ngaphezu kwaba yokufakelwa. Ngakho, singasho ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ODE Lomonosov - lena nje belingisa zabuna, hhayi ukubonakaliswa kwayo. It yaphawula imbongi kanye Dmitriev, behlekisa imisebenzi enjalo e ukubhinqa yakhe "umqondo Alien."

I Renaissance ODE - ngokuvamile ivesi, yakhelwe ukuba baphakamise kubabusi noma ojenene. Ngaphandle Russia, lolu hlobo kwaduma emazweni amaningi aseYurophu. La mavesi babevame eside, abaqhoshayo. Ngokwesibonelo, lokhu kwaba "Ode to ukubusa yesihlalo sobukhosi sika-Elizabeth," eyabhalwa Lomonosov.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi wayeka ngokubhala izinkondlo oluxube yokufakelwa yokwakha. Gone izikhalazo engenangqondo ukuze olunezintambo kanye onkulunkulu-Olympic. Namuhla ODE - akuyona umbhalo, blase imishwana grandiloquent futhi azikhangi, inkulumo ethi engokwemvelo injabulo yangempela. Lona kanye izwi manje kuyaqabukela asetshenziswa. Esikhundleni "ODE" izimbongi abajayele "bacabanga", "kuculwe iculo" noma "Ingoma".