UJaroslav Smelyakov (January 8, 1913 - Novemba 27, 1972). Life kanye Works of imbongi Soviet

Smelyakov Yaroslav vasilevich wazalwa ngo-January 8, 1913 (Disemba 26, 1912 Old Style) emzini Lutsk, naseVolyn esifundeni, Ukraine.

Uyise wasebenza phezu weigher ujantshi. igama likanina lalingu-a umqaphindlu wanakekela izingane (ezintathu kuzo zaziyiziwula emndenini yabo).

Esakhula

Lapho Yaroslav kwaba cishe ngemva konyaka, kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Kule ndaba, umndeni waphoqeleka ukuba nezihlobo edolobhaneni. Kube bahlala isikhathi eside. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Umkhaya wahlala e Voronezh, lapho wahlala ukuphila ngokuvumelana ekuqaleni eshumini leminyaka elizayo.

Smelyakov beshona ekuseni, lapho Yaroslav kwaba iminyaka eyishumi nanye kuphela ubudala.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imbongi esizayo uya esikoleni eneminyaka eyisikhombisa e Moscow, lapho upha umfowabo omdala nodadewethu omdala.

Ngu namathathu banesifo esibi ekuseni uJaroslav eqeda esikoleni futhi ngosizo lwehhovisi zabasebenzi uthola nokudluliselwa PFZSH ( "Ukuphrinta Factory School") Lenin.

It wayengadlali abadlala indima enkulu ekwakheni ikusasa ithalente. Smelyakov okungenazinkinga ukhombise impilo ukuphrinta ukuphila.

Ngenxa compositor, imbongi wayezigqaja kakhulu ukuthi imisebenzi yakhe ozithandayo - umsebenzi kanye nomsebenzi - ahlobene.

Ukuqala ngendlela yokudala

Ukushicilelwa imisebenzi yakuqala sasinikwa wakubo - Vsevolodu Iordanskomu. It wayengaphuli eyashukumisela Smelyakov kwalokho wathatha umsebenzi wakhe "Ukukhula" magazini.

Nokho, wangena kwakhiwe indlu ukushicilela, uJaroslav Smelyakov elixutshwe ehhovisi umnyango futhi ngephutha wanika izinkondlo kuya nengcebo kanye sina "Okthoba", ngaleso sikhathi yayidumile phakathi intsha.

Izithelo yomsebenzi wakhe ikomidi kwakha luhlaka zavunyelwa futhi owanyatheliswa ephephabhukwini.

Ngo 1932-1933 Yaroslav Smelyakov kudedela amaqoqo zayo zokuqala, "Umsebenzi Uthando" futhi "Tinkondlo"

Nokho, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, yena nabanye abaningana izimbongi (Pavel Vasilyev, uBoris Kornilov), uba yisisulu ekubalahleni zamanga, okuyinto ejwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi, kwaba isizathu ukuboshwa ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuba kuqulwe amacala. Uvume yabo uyala uJaroslav Smelyakov ayengakwenza kuphela ngo-1937. Khona-ke wadedelwa ekuseni.

Kuze kube impi, imbongi wasebenza emahhovisi abamemezeli ezihlukahlukene umsebenzi intatheli, wabhala satires namanothi.

Ngalesi sikhathi ebhala umjikelezo "izinkondlo YaseCrimea", ngokuphindaphindiwe eshicilelwe ezincwadini abavelele: "Literaturnaya Gazeta", "Young Guard", "Red Virgin Inhlabathi ', njll

IMpi Enkulu Patriotic

Ukugqashuka kwempi uJaroslav Smelyakov wahlangana abavamile legkostrelkovoy lamabutho yesibili eNorth futhi le Karelian Front.

Ngo-November 1941, lihaqiwe, njengo kuthi abaningi emabuthweni akhe, uthola in ekuthunjweni Finnish, lapho eminyakeni emithathu ezayo it is umsebenzi emuva-agqekeze master abangenasihe.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngenkathi kulesi sikhundla, Smelyakov ngobuqili ezifihlakele isimo zokudala ngaleso sikhathi kakade imbongi edumile Russian.

Emuva ekhaya imbongi ayengakwenza kuphela ngo-1944, lapho ngenxa ye-ukuxolelana kanye Finland uphromothiwe exchange iziboshwa.

Smelyakov elindelwe isiphetho cishe zonke iziboshwa abakhululiwe KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - wathunyelwa ekamu ku "zokuhlunga".

Kunemibono eminingana njengoba baya lapho kwakukhona Smelyakov ngalesi sikhathi. It is ukuthi asebenza khona emayini yamalahle edude Moscow eyaziwa, kodwa kukhona ulwazi mayelana nokufika kwakhe edolobheni zezimboni Stalinogorsk (manje - Novomoskovsk) Tula esifundeni.

Iminyaka yangemva kwempi

Ngemva kokufunda iminyaka embalwa ejele imbongi luyangenela komngane wakhe omuhle Konstantin Simonov, ngubani ngokoqobo ukudansela isiginci sakhe umzalwane ekuqothulweni.

Ngo-1948 wakhipha umqulu wokuqala post-yimpi iqoqo Smelyakov "ezibiyele badla", ezazihlanganisa izinkondlo neminyaka yempi.

Kodwa imbongi asihlali isikhathi eside phezu okubi. Kakade ngo-1951 ongaziwa ubhale yokulahlwa okwenzeka endlini Smelyakov nethebula inkulumo.

On imbongi waphoselwa inhlamba of the sihloko 58th of the Criminal Code kweSoviet Union, owawuthi kufanele bajeziswe ngesimo engamashumi amabili nanhlanu emakamu.

Ngakho Smelyakov beyohlanganyela-Arctic. Ekamu kuyingozi impilo imbongi.

Ngo-1956 kwenzeka "Stalinization" iziboshwa eziningi unike ngaphansi okuyinto ushwele. Ukuze inkululeko wadedelwa futhi uJaroslav Smelyakov. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila uzokhumbula izinsuku "e cap breech kanye ipea jacket ekamu."

Zonke Eminyakeni eyalandela zokuphila kwakhe enikelwe umsebenzi wokubhala.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi imbongi waklonyeliswa izindondo ezintathu, kanye Prize State of the USSR ngo-1967 futhi ngo-1968.

Smelyakov wafa Novemba 27, 1972 Buried in the Novodevichem Emangcwabeni eMoscow.

ukuphila Siqu

Le noveli lokuqala eyalotshwa imbongi sika kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-30. Ixhumeke nge igama imbongi Margarity Aliger (isithombe sakhe enikezwa ngezansi, kuthathwe maphakathi nawo-70s), okuyinto kanye Smelyakov ukuba semhlanganweni club etemibhalo.

indawo abathandwayo kulesi inoveli iringi inikezwe Smelyakov imbongi.

Ngokusho Aliger lapho kwenzeka imbongi into embi, kulahleke iringi. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela lokho okwenzeka lokha Smelyakov hit siboshwa Finnish.

Nge Evdokia Vasilevna wahlangana khona ngemva kwempi. Waba ngowesifazane wokuqala yena wayeshadile uJaroslav Smelyakov. Poet Evdokia bekipitile ezimbili: Smelyakov wahlukanisa nomkakhe ukumvikela ekujezisweni ukukuqonda. Kule umshado indodana imbongi.

Umndeni yesibili, wadala Smelyakov, wazibonakalisa bajabule kakhudlwana. Lesi sikhathi, okhethwe kwaba imbongi umhumushi Tatiana Streshneva.

Poet uJaroslav Smelyakov, ogama biography yethulwa ngo lesi sihloko, ingabe imbongi abanamakhono ngempela, "ezingokomfanekiso master uhlu", isabelo okuyinto lehla iziqephu esindayo ngempela nelesabekayo sici somlando wethu.