Oda Wasekhaya: umsebenzi, indima isimo ekhulwini XVI-XVII.

Emakhulwini eminyaka th 16-17. ajwayelekile kithi namuhla zezinkonzo kanye neminyango wayengekho. Analogs babe oda. sici Babephokophele yokuthi idlulela nomunye, yayingakaqondakali ngokugcwele umsebenzi oda ethize. Ngezinye izikhathi okuyixazululayo inkinga kwakungenakwenzeka. Kodwa phakathi kwabo kwaba Order Local.

Kumayelana imisebenzi yayo kanye nezici kuyokwenziwa okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Oda Wasekhaya: umsebenzi

Ngakho kwaba for ejensi? Oda sendawo 16-17 eminyaka., Noma eqhugwaneni manorial esikhathini sakamuva, matasa endaweni emaphakathi ekuphathweni uMbuso eMoscow. Kwakuwusuku ngobukhulu yesibili ngemva Office Digit. Uma zokugcina basakaza okuthunyelwe ukhiye bese izikhundla, Order Local elawula zemlevladeniem.Chtoby zendawo patrimonial baqonde ukubaluleka kwakhe kwangempela, siphendukela imiqondo esemqoka komhlaba isebenzisa.

Uyini patrimony

Emakhulwini eminyaka th 16-17. Moscovia kwaba olulodwa isimo eyodwa. Nokho, le nqubo kwaba isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, eRussia kukhona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela ukusetshenziswa komhlaba - patrimony. Ngokwezwi nezwi igama elithi "uyise." Ake siqhathanise wamanje "isinyathelo-Ubaba" - amagama abe impande ezivamile.

Barony - olwabo ukuthi kumukezelwa kusuka ubaba endodaneni. Isiko sasinamandla kangangokuthi lalibhekwa ilungelo engcwele. Ngisho nalapho akekho ozokwazi cabanga ekuthumbeni emazweni isitha ukuthatha izwe kumnikazi. Isimo, e sinomuzwa izwi, awulungele ke. Umnikazi mhlaba ngokuthi Boyar. Kwaba isihloko eliphakeme ezweni lakithi kusukela isimo imfundo ukuze izinguquko sikaPeter Omkhulu, t. E. A eyinkulungwane isiko. Isici yalesi eliyifa kwaba ukuthi uJehova angase ujoyine izwe lakubo ababulalayo babe kunoma isiphi isimo, ukudala uhlobo umphakathi. Cabangela lesi simo lapho, bathi, umnikazi izwe Novosibirsk esifundeni iye yanquma ukuba ujoyine i-United States noma France. Yimithetho eminyaka 15-16th. kwakuwumyalezo kungenzeka. Ngakho, eMoscow wadonsa ngasohlangothini lwabo cishe zonke boyars ka Ryazan, Esenze leli zwe wafana a Ungalokothi. izikhulu Ryazan zazingenzelwanga, indlela ukujoyina ubukhulu eMoscow.

Kuyini izindlu

Manor - kuyindlela bahluke kobunikazi. Umnikazi wepulazi - akuyona inkosi futhi wohlanga olukhulu.

It ukhonza njengelungu isimo inkonzo yezempi. Ngenxa yalesi, futhi uthola izwe. Uma isikhulu akakuthandanga lokhu lokuthi inkosi, athathe ngokuphepha ezweni lakhe. Lo mehluko wenza eliyisisekelo kusukela izigodi.

Indima Order Local

Ngesisekelo kokusetshenziswa komhlaba imiqondo, singaphetha ngokuthi lokho indima kukhala by Order Wasekhaya:

• Distribution izigodi.
• Ubufakazi bobunikazi.

ukusatshalaliswa izigodi

Ngisho engaqaliwe kulelizwe bakwazi ukuzwisisa lokho amandla wajabulela olusemthethweni ubani ongimise umhlaba. Prince of eMoscow, futhi ekuqaleni wokubusa Tsar Ivana Groznogo, njengoba umthetho, akusho ukwaba izingcezu umhlaba amasosha akhe esikhathi esizayo.

Ilungelo ubunikazi wanika ocucuzayo, kodwa-oda Local - umyalo ezingase lingachazwa ngokuthi inarha ehle kanye namaxhaphozi. Kule umnyango kwakuxhomeke kakhulu ikusasa indoda. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa ukufumbathisa nokufumbathisa wadlala indima ingane wokusabalalisa. Imali eyengeziwe is nje ayidingeki emphakathini amakhosi asendulo, okuyinto bondliwa nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Zibaluleke kakhulu kwaba umsuka, b. Uma umnumzana wayevela imikhaya yizicukuthwane boyar, yena siya ungcono ibekwe. Ngoba "izinceku", ie. E. Natives of abalimi, kwakusho wesakhiwo kakhulu "okubi".

Ubufakazi bobunikazi

16-17 eminyaka th. isimo eMoscow asenzele indlela enzima yinye. Ukuhlukana, izimpi njalo, ushintsho komunye ubukhulu kwenye ngikudalile eziningi izinkinga phakathi boyars. izigodi zabo zaziphathelene ngezinye izikhathi akwenzeki ukubhala. Oda Local ayatholakala ukubhuka agcina ukusetshenziswa lwamakhosi umhlaba. Nokho, ukungenela isigaba sokuba ukuphathwa esinobunye kudala izinkinga bureaucratic. Akubona bonke idatha kusuka wonke amazwe eza ihhovisi elilodwa. Ngakho boyars kwadingeka obbivat eside doorsteps Order Local. Abanye bathuthela endaweni isimo "Knights", ie. E. Obezzemelivshih boyars, okhokho kanye ephethwe emazweni enkulukazi. Abaningi babo zahlangana ukuthinta izicukuthwane kuphela.

Umhlaba, yebo, banikezwa, kodwa kwakungekho impahla esijana, futhi kukhokhelwe isevisi.

Yiqiniso, okubaluleke nakakhulu kwaba oda khulula. Nguye esimisiwe izigodi namazwe, kodwa waziphatha ohlola beziNdawo.

Ngemva kwalokho, indima ejensi anda. Ngaphandle imisebenzi bendabuko kanye neHhovisi ezinqolobaneni ngomyalo Digit, umsebenzi wakhe waba zihlanganisa ukuqoqwa zonke izintela kanye nemisebenzi ngokulingenela ilizwe, ukubalwa kwabantu nezwe wezokwakha, kanye iqoqo ukubuthela impi.

amandla

Oda Local - kuyinto emnyangweni lesibili ngobukhulu, njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla. Abantu "sivela esitaladini" akazange athathe. Ehola oda kwaba nomuntu ozalwa ebukhosini owamuka, njengoba umthetho, kwaba ilungu Duma. Ngezinye izikhathi esikhundleni umabhalane umkhandlu, okuyinto, isimiso, zifinyelela. Wayengumuntu umabhalane umsizi ezimbili futhi abangaba ngu-200 abasebenzi - onobhala. Nge ekukhuleni abasebenzi imisebenzi lafinyelela abantu 500.

wezokwakha esikoleni Okokuqala

Oda Local ejensi lokuqala eRussia, lapho baqala ukulungiselela abahloli. Abafundi yahlukaniswa phakathi neminyango (amatafula). Inombolo yabo lafinyelela abantu 100. Ukuqeqeshwa yathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-2-3. Izazi ziye wafunda isayensi yezibalo, lolimi, umhlaba wezokwakha, kwakha luhlaka, ukuhlolwa imishini izinga umhlaba.

ukusebenza

Uma umuntu ekhononda a ubushiqela yesimanje, amtshele oda kokucubungula isicelo Order Local ekhulwini th 16-17.:

1. Neticelosikhalo onobhala abangu ukuqopha iziphi izinyathelo wokulungiselela idingekile ukuze onobhala.
2. Onobhala ukuthola izincwadi, akhishwe kubo exposure kudingekile, exhunywe okhuleka zonke izithenjwa.
3. On oda leBhodi wezwa isicelo, wenze isinqumo.
4. izimantshi Local emhlabathini khiphani isinqumo.

Inqubo iyafana inqubo yesimanje zokwahlulela. Ubani waba nokuhlangenwe nakho, ukwazi ukuthi zingaki izinyanga, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka, kungaba sifinyelele.