Occupational uhlelo izindinganiso zokuphepha

Ezinye ngezinto eziseqhulwini okufanele zicatshangelwe ukutadisha isihloko:

- Iyini impilo kanye nokuphepha, okuyinto idokhumenti kule ndawo kubalulekile?

- Iyini indinganiso isimo futhi bezobhekana izindinganiso, siyini isimo le mibhalo?

- Njengoba uhlelo Ukuvikelwa zabasebenzi kubonakala kula mazinga?

Labor Ikhodi Russian, ngokunembile, isahluko yakhe yeshumi, ulawula zabasebenzi kanye abasafufusa ngesisekelo ubuhlobo babo abasebenzi umqashi emkhakheni wezokuphepha emsebenzini. Article 209 zalomthetho, esenziwa ngo-2001, iyona incazelo wezokuphepha emsebenzini njengoba uhlelo esizithathayo, kubandakanya zomthetho, ukuvuselelwa, enelanga,,, izici zenhlalo yenhlangano kwezomnotho, ezobuchwepheshe kanye ukukhalima, okuyinto kulondolozwe inhloso (e ukusebenza izikweletu) impilo nokuphila kwenhlangano. Lokho, kulesi sigaba se-Code Labour wabeka lesi simiso eziyisisekelo zabasebenzi kanye nomthetho.

bezosebenza Ukuvikelwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona uhla kwemibhalo zomthetho zokulawula. Bona lokulawula, izinyathelo zomphakathi sanitary kwezomnotho, yezobuchwepheshe, lwenhlangano ukukhalima, izindlela lobuchwepheshe nezindlela enzelwe ukuthi aqinisekise ukuphepha kwezingane ezihlukunyeziwe inhlangano umsebenzi nezimo zokusebenza. Ukuze ukuxhumana kwabo phakathi ohlelweni isakhula izindinganiso zokuphepha zabasebenzi Occupational Ukuphepha Amazinga. Zonke izingxenye Inhloso yayo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, namuhla isimo phakathi kwemibuso (GOST ngoba amazwe CIS) noma isimo (GOST R - waseRussia) amazinga. Basuke ezikhonjwe (noma ngemva GOST GOST P) ukubaluleka 12 ukuze iphuzu.

On the eSoviet Union futhi kwadingeka uhlelo izindinganiso zokuphepha zabasebenzi ikhodi alphanumeric "Standard 12", okuyinto okwamanje azigcina amandla zomthetho on ensimini lamazwe 12 CIS (zonke amazwe ayengaphansi kweSoviet ngaphandle Baltic). Ngemva kumiswa uthi ezimele ekuthuthukiseni we IGU sivunyelwa ukuba siqhubeke namazinga kazwelonke (izwe lethu - kuyinto GOST R), okumele abe ngempela zahambisana nokwakushiwo mayelana izivakashi kwemibuso. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet kwakukhona bezobhekana yazo zonke izindinganiso nezinombolo amakhodi (iningi imibhalo ekhonjwe izigaba eziphawulwe 19 yokubhala isiRashiya). Kusukela ngo-October 2000, kwathathelwa indawo bezobhekana Zonke-Russian izindinganiso, ezakhiwe ngokuhambisana International Standard Ukwahlukanisa ISO.

Uma ngezikhathi Soviet, zonke izihambeli zizosebenza emasimini abo, uMthetho № 184-FZ sihlinzekela ukukhishwa okuphoqelekile okwenziwa ezikhungweni iziqondiso lobuchwepheshe namazinga isimo ngoSepthemba ngonyaka odlule isicelo ngokuzithandela. Nokho, lo mthetho, njengoba kushiwo kwisigaba-4 ka-Athikili 1 akusho alawule ubudlelwane zomthetho ezindabeni eziphathelene ukuphepha emsebenzini. Ngakho-ke, amazinga kazwelonke, ehlanganisa uhlelo izindinganiso zokuphepha awayona phakathi main izenzo normative zomthetho, okuyinto ebekwe nezidingo isimo emkhakheni wezokuphepha emsebenzini kanye nezempilo. Ngamunye wabo ihloselwe ukunikeza iziqinisekiso livikeleke Izihloko 7 no-37 soMthethosisekelo.

Lonke uhlelo izindinganiso zokuphepha sehlukaniswe yokusebenza subsystems eziyisithupha (okhonjiswe izinombolo kusuka 0 kuya 5) kanye ezintathu ubavikele (6 kuya ku-9). Zero subsystem kuhlanganisa imibhalo ka lwenhlangano methodical nemvelo. Eyokuqala siqukethe amazinga elawula izimfuneko esiyingozi futhi izici ukukhiqizwa elimazayo. I subsystem wesibili ubeka izindlela eziphephile nezindlela design, ukukhiqiza kanye nokusebenza imishini ukukhiqizwa, kanti eyesithathu - ukuphepha izinqubo zezimboni. I subsystem wesine kuhlose ukubhekelela ukuphepha kwabasebenzi ngenxa ukusetshenziswa izindlela okwakha yokuvikela. Owesihlanu kuhlanganisa nezindinganiso zokuphepha kwezakhiwo kanjalo nezinhlaka.

Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma yimuphi umqulu, okuyinto Ihlanganisa isimiso ezempilo nezokuphepha (umqashi noma umqashwa), kungukuphula Wobudlelwano Ikhodi yezwe.