Nokuvuselelwa Comprehensive yezidakamizwa. Rehabilitation Center imilutha yezidakamizwa eMoscow

Ukuluthwa yizidakamizwa kuyisifo omunye esivelele kunazo zonke eziyingozi emphakathini emphakathini wanamuhla. Umonakalo obangelwa ke nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu! isibalo sokukhula engazweli engaphansi asithinti nje kuphela nezithakazelo lamazwe ngamanye, kodwa sonke isintu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile namuhla, izinhlelo ngempumelelo ukusiza abantu balahle umkhuba obulalayo bese ubuyela ekuphileni okuvamile. nokuvuselelwa Comprehensive yezidakamizwa - isihloko lesi sihloko.

Ukuluthwa yizidakamizwa - kuyini?

womuntu yizidakamizwa akusona isifo ngomqondo yendabuko zezwi. Kodwa futhi jikelele imikhuba emibi yasendlini ke alinakunikezwa. Ephambi kwezinduna izidakamizwa waphawula nya lomuntu, ephelezelwa izinqubo elibhubhisayo impilo ngokomzimba.

Kungani yezidakamizwa usizo kufanele kube ke esibanzi? Kungenxa yokuthi lapho uwuthola ku izidakamizwa ekuthunjweni kuthonywa nezici eziningana:

1. kwenqondo. isifiso Human iphendukele izidakamizwa kwezidakamizwa ekubhekaneni izinkinga empilweni, okuyinto kancane kancane nampande bese ephenduka ibe umkhuba kuyavumelana.

2. Physical. Nezidakamizwa kukhona encibilikayo futhi buthelela emisipheni amanoni umzimba, elandelwa ukukhululwa gqwa ukukhulula kuze kufike egazini, nakho kunikeza umuntu enomuzwa wokuthi wazibonela ngenkathi ethola ngqo izidakamizwa (kuphela izikhathi eziningi buthaka). Lokhu kungaholela ukuphazamiseka ngisho abantu abenqaba ukuba abe umlutha, eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

3. Ukubambezeleka (oyizalayo). Umlisa ogama abazali wahlushwa yizidakamizwa noma utshwala, propensity ukuphinda indlela yabo amanga ngaphakathi, like ibhomu sibe nomthelela imisiwe.

4. izici zomphakathi.

5. iphango labantu elingokomoya.

nokuvuselelwa Comprehensive yezidakamizwa: umgomo

• I displacement we izidakamizwa kusukela uhlelo elilodwa lezimiso.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono zokuphila ezimele futhi ezizimele.
• Ukucinga kanye nokuthuthukisa amandla akhona futhi ekubekeni imigomo siqu.
• Ukwakha kwenqatshwa ngokusimama kokubili izidakamizwa notshwala.
• Kusita kumiswa ezingaba siqu kanye kumiswa ubuntu.
• Ukubuyisela umuntu izindinganiso kuyisiphazamiso esimisweni sokuhle nokubi.
• Buyela ukuqonda amagugu omndeni.
• Inkulumo-ze of enempilo (enempilo).

Step by step nokuvuselelwa opheleleko resocialization yezidakamizwa

Inpatient kwencika ngokomzimba bavame ukuba isuswe izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe ukugxila ukuqedwa nemiphumela ngokomzwelo futhi abuyisele ama-impilo isiguli. Odokotela bengqondo ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale umsuka wendaba yesihluku kwencika engqondo nezinto eziphilayo. Imizamo yodokotela nazo zithunyelwe kumuntu phezu reprogramming zemikhuba emihle yokuphila.

Odokotela, odokotela bengqondo, ukusebenza abelaphi sisebenze iziguli sokuhlanganiswa amayunithi ezintsha. Man ucubungula umonakalo owabangelwa ngokuziphatha kwayo esikhathini esedlule. Okulandelayo ukunquma degree of ekuzimiseleni kwakhe ngenxa ukuvuselelwa kanye kabusha komphakathi. Ngemva kokuchaza inkinga izindawo ezibalulekile isiguli ongoti igxathu negxathu ukuzinza isimo ngokwengqondo. Kulesi sigaba, amathekhiniki alandelayo asetshenziselwa:

• psychoanalysis;
• zamagama ngokwengqondo;
• Erickson kokulutheka;
• art ukuzithiba futhi aziphumulele;
• psychodrama;
• ukwelashwa Gestalt.

izici ezibalulekile izinhlelo ngelashwa yezidakamizwa

1. Wonke umuntu ongeza ezinye uhlobo sokuma nokuvuselelwa. Kufanele sisebenzise izindlela ezahlukene kanye nezindlela, elihambisana izinhlobo ezahlukene abantu.

2. nokuvuselelwa Comprehensive yezidakamizwa kufanele abathinte yonke imikhakha yempilo isiguli (social, begazi, ngokomoya, ngokwengqondo).

3. Ngesikhathi lolu hlelo ukuvuselelwa umuntu engaphansi idinga ukuthuthukisa lithathelwe ingqondo ukuze izimo ezihlukahlukene zokuphila.

4. Phakathi ekwelapheni izinkinga zempilo yengqondo ziphakathi kungenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele, ngesikhathi ukulungisa imithi.

5. nokuvuselelwa Comprehensive yezidakamizwa - kungcono inqubo yehlukene kaningi okubalwa futhi multi-ntathu njalo iqala izinyathelo ezihlose ivimbela nokuqaleka futhi detoxify umzimba.

6. Inhloso oyinhloko inqubo isimilo ukubuyela emphakathini umuntu uyalulama, ekubuyiseleni yakhe evamile value system futhi lithathelwe wako emphakathini.

Yini izinhlelo avame ukusetshenziswa zezikhungo zokuhlumelelisa

"Izinyathelo 12"

Lolu hlelo sidalwe e-US e-30s kwekhulu lama-20 bese esabalala umhlaba. ERussia, it is asebenzisa ngayo ngokuphumelelayo engaphezu kwengu-20. ukuvuselelwa kwesimilo okuphumelelayo yezidakamizwa eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, futhi namanye amadolobha amakhulu kakhulu olwenziwa emitholampilo eminingi usebenzisa lolu hlelo. Lena indlela, eziqala ukuqashelwa khona isiguli linezinkinga futhi ukungakwazi okubhekana nayo. Bese kufika usizo isinqumo futhi ushintsho bayazi ezimpilweni zabo siqu.

imiphakathi zokwelapha

ukunakekelwa oludidiyele yezidakamizwa siyasebenza kakhulu lapho iziguli emiphakathini ezikhethekile. Iziguli siphile uhlobo zindlani futhi ndawonye ukufunda ukuphila ngaphandle kwezinto ezithile izidakamizwa. Lolu hlobo imodeli emphakathini lapho iziguli ungalulama ukwazi amakhono alahlekile.

Minnesota imodeli

Isici esiyinhloko hlelo is kwahambisana futhi kucatshangwe kabusha imibono ka "izinyathelo 12". Lapha kucatshangwa iqhaza izihlobo nabangane isiguli, kanye ochwepheshe ekulweni nezidakamizwa. Ngo Minnesota imodeli zamakhemikhali. kwencika is aselapheki, kodwa kokuba ikhono uguqule.

Ukukhethwa isikhungo nokuvuselelwa: awusebenzi wenza iphutha?

Le mihlahlandlela enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba igweme ukwenza amaphutha lapho ukhetha isikhungo ukunika usizo yezidakamizwa:

• Uma athembisa ukunikeza usizo ngokushesha ukuze ususe umlutha wezithombe ngosizo esephepheni, electroshock, ukuluthwa noma ukuhlinzwa kwengqondo, akudingekile ukuba bakholwe futhi basakaza imali. amasu anjalo ayizwakali, ngaphezu kwalokho, bona kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni.
• nokuvuselelwa Mahhala yezidakamizwa iwukuba abantu emadolobheni amaningi. Centres imilutha yezidakamizwa futhi yotshwala ngokuvamile ukuhlela ezifundeni noma izinhlangano zomphakathi. Kodwa kukhona amahlelo enkolo elimazayo ukuthi kuvula amasevisi abo mahhala. Omunye kumele uqaphele futhi wenze imibuzo ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
• Lapho yezidakamizwa nokuvuselelwa isikhungo inikeza indlela, ngokusekelwe ekuphathweni ezingamahlalakhona izidakamizwa ezinamandla elisetshenziswa wezifo zengqondo, lokhu kungaba nomphumela ongemuhle engqondweni futhi kuholele ushintsho eyodwa ukuluthwa enye.

The kungenzeka sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya nokuvuselelwa

Uhlelo egcwele nokuvuselelwa yezidakamizwa kufanele kwenziwe isikhungo ezikhethekile noma esibhedlela, ingxenye yokuqala eya ekululameni. Nokho, ngemva kokuba isiguli ebuyela ekhaya futhi uqala isikhathi esibalulekile ukulungiswa ukuze impilo entsha, sikwazi ukukhuluma ekuqaleni qophelo yokutakula, okuyinto kubaluleke kakhulu kunesokuqala yesibili. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abahlala ekhaya, ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka wavakashela iqembu usizo ngokwengqondo. Lokhu kungenziwa kubhekwe ukwelashwa sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya. Kulesi sigaba kubalulekile nomndeni anake, indilinga labangane washintsha, idivayisi ukusebenza.

inkulumo lokuvala

ukukhululwa eyimpumelelo yokuluthwa yizidakamizwa idinga kokubili ukuzwisisa isimo yisiguli futhi izihlobo zakhe nabangane abaseduze. Kudingeka siqaphele ukuthi indlela eya wenkululeko ngeke kube lula, futhi ngeke akwenze ngaphandle Ngosizo lochwepheshe. Kubalulekile ukuthola okuhle izidakamizwa nokuvuselelwa isikhungo, lapho ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ukusebenza - ochwepheshe izidakamizwa kanye nodokotela abanesipiliyoni wangempela ukusiza abantu ukususa eziluthayo, futhi lapho umsebenzi neziguli uqhutshwa ngezindlela esibanzi.

izibalo esidumazayo zibonisa ukuthi u-80% weziguli ezine-ngemva kweminyaka embalwa Babuya ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa. Isizathu esikhulu salokhu mkhuba isiba nje bambalala esiteji nokuvuselelwa nomphakathi. Uma wena noma obathandayo abhekene nenkinga izidakamizwa, ungabi sengqondo sokunganaki futhi ngokucophelela zonke izincomo lochwepheshe, indlela kuphela ukunqoba isifo esibi. Sifisela wena impilo nenjabulo kuwe futhi obathandayo!