Ngubani warbler emfuleni?

Buka izwe okungukuthi kakhulu okuthakazelisayo, ngoba ungafunda okuningi ezithakazelisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, okuyisidina zitshiyoze ikhilikithi wezwa ngamunye, futhi amanye aze ngisho ukubona ukuthi iqaleka injani ebusuku umculi. Kodwa abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi warbler emfuleni - lesi sinambuzane, futhi iyiphutha. Uma zitshiyoze elikhulu amaqoqo ezinhlamvu ngobugebengu bechitha kusukela phezulu "Cerro-Cerro-Cerro", singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi unika izwi inyoni encane.

ngezigaba

River warbler - inyoni passerine. It kungokwalabo Locustellidae umndeni futhi libhekisela Umangede bohlobo. Igama elidala - River Warbler, futhi igama yesayensi langempela - Locustella fluviatilis.

Emndenini ehlukile leli qembu izinyoni isehlane esanda kutholakala. Ngaphambi kwalokho, lo izinyendle babe emndenini Austerlitz. Kodwa abazange sizigxilisephi kwezinhlobo, ngoba kwadingeka hhayi uhlu oluphelele izici, ngenxa ukuthi zabelwe "wastebasket taxon".

Incazelo emfuleni ikhilikithi

Lokhu inyoni insectivorous nge ukubukeka ehlukile nge imikiswe (blunt) umsila. Podhvoste ehlotshisiwe zishanela olumhlophe isihloko. Wide kodwa tapering umlomo wenyoni, ngenhla okuyizinto bristles ngokulambisa ebonakalayo noma engekho nhlobo, umbala omnyama. Ubude emfuleni ikhilikithi 14-16 cm inyoni namaphiko kancane engaphezu kwengu-23 cm, ubude kwesigaba umsila - .. Mayelana 7 cm kanye engenhla backrest ingxenye ine umbala womnqumo ansundu. On emphinjeni nasesifubeni ebonakalayo ukufiphala amnyama, ukudala streaks side. Ngezansi umzimba umbala lemicu empunga elinamathela othini ezimhlophe, futhi izinhlangothi njengoba kwenza bonke abanye, umnqumo sinombala. Kusithombe emfuleni ikhilikithi kungabonwa ngokucacile ukuthi imilenze zakhe babengekho eside, mncane, umbala obomvu-pink.

Ngenhla iso elincane izinyoni mncane ezimhlophe umugqa, afana ishiya. Neso imbala lufrenyiwe ngumuntu indandatho okukhulu nxazonke iso.

River warbler, njengazo zonke amalungu alolu bohlobo, beshesha futhi niqaphelisise. Ngenxa Umbala ukucasha, kungaba ngokushesha ukufihla, uhlangane ne amagatsha nezinhlanga noma utshani.

Izici emfuleni ukucula ikhilikithi

River warbler uthola ingoma yakhe kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu. Melody enhle modulations ngeke kulindeleke kusukela izinyoni. Iduna izimpukane emthini bese uthoma ukutshiyoza like isikhonyane noma intethe ezinkulu. Kuzwakala kancane dlidliza futhi musa uhlangane, futhi beqonda ngokwehlukile. Ngezinye izikhathi umsindo ukukhala ahlukene rougher. Ngesikhathi ingozi kancane "umculi" uwela phansi efihla ehlozini utshani. On esigabeni yokwakha isidleke, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni, ikhilikithi emfuleni kungenziwa lalalelwa ebusuku. Solo umlingisi enezimpiko kungaba uzwakale imizuzu engafika ku 30.

Ekuseni nakusihlwa ingoma wehlukile futhi elikhulu. Kungezwe ke sengiprofethile kanye gurgling imisindo. Ngo sezulu liguqubele emfuleni warbler bayakwazi ukucula ngisho emini, kodwa buthule kakhudlwana futhi monotonously.

Phakathi ukuculwa ivolumu kushintshwe ebheka le nyoni. Iduna ungaya ngokushesha ngokusebenzisa legatsha futhi ukuthi siphakamise ikhanda. Uqhwaku lwenhlanzi okuthiwa i okhamisa emphinjeni izimpaphe ngezinye izikhathi nahohlivayutsya. Insikazi aphendvule ukucula staccato pokrikivaniem "snip-snip." Nangabe uyesaba noma ukwethuka, lukhipha yequbula "cr-cr".

Yini ehlanganisiwe ekudleni?

Ngo Locustella fluviatilis Ukudla ukudla isilwane kuphela. Lokhu kungaba izinambuzane noma izibungu omdala esiteji, izicabucabu kanye nezinye imininingwane ehlukahlukene osayizi. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho izinambuzane iba ngaphansi, umfula izinyendle impukane baya ubusika ngezizathu e-Afrika.

Ukusatshalaliswa zinhlobo

Le ndawo ukusatshalaliswa ikhilikithi emfuleni kuhlanganisa izindawo eziningi Western eSiberia kuya maphakathi Europe. Kancane kancane, lanwebekela entshonalanga.

Bird ezivamile kanye ukugeleza Urals, Ilek, Sarysu iDanube. River izinyendle ngokuvamile itholakala ngisho edolobheni.

Afrika ubusika indawo Zambia, Botswana kanye Malawi. Ukundiza senzeka yonkana iMedithera, Arabian Peninsula naseKenya. Ukuhamba senzeka ngo-Agasti no Septhemba, uye endaweni ephakemeyo, ubusika izinyoni ukufika Disemba. Ebusika amakota kukhona kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-March.

Designated izidleke

River warbler uncamela bahlala floodplains noma luhlala esinindolweni obukhulu. Kubeka isidleke emhlabathini, zikhetha izindawo olumanzi e amahlozi obukhulu. Lokhu kungaba otshanini obude noma esinindolweni. ngokuvamile izinyoni isidleke isihlahla sembabazane noma udonga riverine ehlathini. Esikhathini indawo asemaqeleni Locustella fluviatilis luhlala e nemihosha emanzi. Thola ikhilikithi isidleke emfuleni kunzima ngoba lifihliwe ku ezimanzi izindawo exhaphozini yene.

Eduze isidleke babe ezihlahleni ezinde noma nezihlahla. Izihlahla zibalulekile okusheshayo roll-phansi ngemva "ekhonsathini", futhi otshanini kulula ukucashela izitha.

Ifomu esidlekeni

Nest emfuleni ikhilikithi akuyona olunembile kakhulu. Yakhiwa ka umoba ezomile, kodwa hhayi akaboshwe izandla, bese ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa futhi izimisele. Bowl isidleke kancane eqhubeka, ubukhulu bayo imayelana 140 cm, futhi ukuphakama - 6 cm.

Engxenyeni engaphakathi emfuleni uphahlwe izinyendle moss owomile kanye emuva nezimo. I umhlobiso ingaphakathi inyoni balalela okungaphezu ukunemba izindonga. Ngokuvamile emhlabeni isidleke izinyoni kubangele inqwaba enkulu impahla elasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa.

Lokuzaliswa emfuleni izinyendle

River warbler - izinyoni monogamous. Ekubuyeleni kwakhe e-endaweni yokwakha isidleke lowesilisa kahle ukufunda tokovat futhi lwakha pair. Ukwakhiwa lesidleke ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela insikazi. Ngo laying izinyendle emfuleni isesikhathini amaqanda 6, okuyinto kubhaklazeka ambalwa ngesikhathi izinsuku 13-15 of. Amaqanda akuzona zinkulu, zibe mhlophe ezinabantu embozwe izindawo eziningi okumpunga ansundu. Ekupheleni amnyama izindawo coalesce ku Corolla ukungacaci. Iqanda ubude mayelana ezimbili cm.

Nzalo yokukhulisa lezi zithandani uyabandakanyeka ndawonye, isikhathi lesi sikhathi - mayelana 14 days. Njengoba lokushutheka iqala ngasekupheleni, akukho ngaphambili kuka-June, umbhangqwana ekwazile ukwenza bamba eyodwa kuphela.

izilwane ezisencane

Kanjani abasha emfuleni yekhilikithi? Le nyoni kule sithombe, yebo, zihluke abadala. Young ngubo zesifazane luhlaza aphuzi. Lwathi luphela imibala ehlobo eduze omdala, kodwa namanje aminingi ukudlula ensundu streaks ku isifuba ngokuvamile ezingacacile.

Kana, amachwane, abangazange okwamanje ube iphiko, ngokushesha ziqalisa utshani ehlathini. Uma udla Zikhiphela a umsindo enithatha imvala-mlomo noma nento encimfelwayo. Izilwane ezincane eziningi bese ihamba ungayi ndawo nokuklabalasa. Yabo ukukhala futhi okusikhumbuza Trill ka izinyendle. Kana akuzona buthule ngisho nangemva kokuba abazali isignali ingozi sidla.