Ngendlela yokuhlola ifayela le-virus?

Ngokuqondene nesofthiwe yegciwane ne-anti-virus eyenzelwe ukubhekana nayo, kuningi okulotshwe kule ndaba. Ukuze uhlole ama-virus, ifayela lingase libe lula, uma wazi amaphuzu aphambili ahlobene nesenzo segciwane, nemigomo yemikhiqizo yesofthiwe ye-antivirus. Cabanga ngesimo ngokuhlola amafayela kuma-virus ngokuningiliziwe.

Ama-virus nomphumela wawo

Ukuvela kwamagciwane kuhlotshaniswa nokuvela kwezinhlelo zokuqala ze-Windows, esimweni esingafezekayo lapho lezi zinhlelo ezinonya zizizwa njengezinhlanzi emanzini. Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, hhayi i-OS kuphela, kodwa futhi ama-virus ayenze izinguquko ezinamandla kakhulu.

Uma ekuqaleni umsebenzi wabo ngokuyinhloko behlulekile uhlelo lwekhompiyutha, ngemuva kwesikhathi lezi zilokazane zaqala ukubhubhisa amafayela womsebenzisi nesistimu (khumbula okungenani i- I Love You virus eyaziwa kakhulu , eya e-imeyili ngesimo sencwadi yothando noma umlayezo).

Namuhla, ububanzi bezinhlelo ezinonya kakhulu, bukhulu kakhulu. Iveza ikhompyutha "izibungu", izihluthulelo, futhi ngempela, noma iyiphi ikhodi enonya noma ama-macros ayenziwa. Qaphela: uma ekuqaleni kokuvela kwayo ama-virus ajwayele ukumelelwa amafayela we-.exe, bese kamuva aqala ukugubha, athi, ye-.dll imitapo enamandla, imidwebo yomculo noma amafayili wombhalo ocacile ne-extension .txt. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje ama-virusi amaningi awabukeli uhlelo oluhlukile, kodwa afakwe ngaphakathi, isibonelo, kumadokhumenti e-Microsoft Office, ukuvula idokhumenti enjalo kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu ehlanganiswa hhayi nje ngokuphazamisa uhlelo lokusebenza, kodwa futhi ngokuthatha ama-management Ikhompyutha noma ukweba kolwazi oluyimfihlo nedatha.

Izinhlelo ze-antivirus

Uma uzibuza ukuthi ungabheka kanjani ifayela lezinambuzane, impendulo yalo iyinto elula kakhulu: sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus. Ezweni lanamuhla lekhompyutha, le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu, inikezwa ukuthi cishe nsuku zonke kudala inqwaba yezinhlelo ezintsha ezinonya.

Uma sicabangela zonke izinhlelo zokulwa ne-virus ngokwemigomo ejwayelekile, singasho ukuthi ungahlola ama-virus noma yikuphi, ngoba bonke basebenzisa isimiso esifanayo, nakuba basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuqinisekisa.

Kungokwemvelo, kungcono ukhethe imikhiqizo yesofthiwe lapho kunesethi esiphezulu sokusebenza kanye nokuvikela "okusebenzayo". Kulesi simo, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuhlola ifayili yamagciwane, ngoba isignesha, ukuhlaziywa kwe-heuristic nokuziphatha kuyosetshenziselwa, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukuqhathaniswa kwama- checksums (nakuba abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi le ndlela isiphelile). Kodwa ngokubanzi, ungathola imiphumela engaba ngu-100% yamaphesenti.

Izindlela zokuqinisekisa amafayela

Kuze kube manje, kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuhlola ifayela lamagciwane yizona ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ezikhethekile ze-antivirus kanye nokuhlola inthanethi.

Ngokwemvelo, ngendlela ngayinye yokuqinisekisa, kunezici ezinhle nezimo eziyingozi ezihlobene nesethi yokusebenza ye-antivirus noma amasevisi e-inthanethi ngokwabo. Njengoba bethi, konke kuxhomeke kumthuthukisi wesofthiwe noma insiza ye-intanethi.

Ukuskena kwe-antivirus

Ngokuqondene nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokulwa negciwane, kulula kakhulu ukuhlola ifayela lamasosha. Iqiniso liwukuthi cishe yonke i-antivirus eyaziwa ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa ihlanganiswe kumenyu yokuqukethwe yemenenja yefayela bese yenza imiyalo yabo yokufinyelela okusheshayo kulokhu noma leso senzo. Ngakho, asikho isidingo sokubiza i-antivirus ngesandla.

Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa iphakethe le-Kaspersky Antivirus, i-Kaspersky ingakwazi ukuskena ifayela kuma virus uma umyalo othi "Scan for virus" usebenza, uma ngabe inguqulo yesiRashiya yohlelo isebenza. Umyalo onjalo uyatholakala kwimenyu ehlayo ebonakala ngemuva kokuchofoza ngakwesokudla efayeleni okufanele ihlolwe.

Eqinisweni, i-Eset NOD32 efanayo isebenza ngendlela efanayo. Imenyu yesimo shintsha kuphela igama lomyalo obizwa. Kulesi simo, ibizwa ngokuthi "Skena nge-Eset NOD32" (noma i-Eset Smart Security).

Umbuzo wokuthi ungabheka kanjani ifayela noma isayithi lamagciwane ixazululwe ngokufaka ngesandla ngesandla ama-scanner anjalo. Isibonelo, kuhlelo lwe-NOD32, kukhona umyalo okhethekile othi "Thumela ifayela lokuhlaziywa" kwimenyu "Amathuluzi". Uma usebenzisa le nto, kuzodingeka ucacise ikheli lakho le-imeyli bese unamathisela ifayela elimangazayo, emva kwalokho lizothunyelwa ukuhlaziywa ebhokisithri yale nkampani ye-IT. Lapha sisondela ukuxazulula inkinga yokuskena ama-virusi ifayela ngokusebenzisa izinsiza ezikhethekile ze-inthanethi.

Bheka ku-inthanethi

Ukuze ukuskena ku-intanethi kwamafayela ngokutholakala kwamagciwane, kunamasevisi amaningi. Cishe bonke abakhiqizi be-software ye-anti-virus babadala. Ungasebenzisa noma yini: Izinsiza ze-Kaspersky Lab, i-Eset, uDktWeb, i-Norton, njll.

Isibonelo, enye yezinsiza ezilula kakhulu futhi ezithandwayo yi-Virus Total. Ukuze uyisebenzise, mane nje uye endaweni yasemthethweni, unamathisele ifayela elifisiwe noma isixhumanisi se-url ku-intanethi (noma ukuxhumanisa nefayela eliqukethwe ekhasini) ensimini ehambelanayo bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Hlola". Eqinisweni, le nkinga ixazululwa, ukuthi ungabheka kanjani amafayela wesayithi kuma-virus, ungasho ukuthi uhlola amafayela agcinwe endaweni yokugcina ikhompyutha. Kuyiqiniso, kukhona inhlamvu encane. Iqiniso liwukuthi kwisayithi yokuqinisekisa ngokwalo kunomkhawulo wesayizi lamafayela askenwe, okungu-64 MB (ngaphambili - 32 MB).

Umphumela

Ukufingqa, kungaphawulwa ukuthi zonke izindlela ezingenhla zilungile. Noma kunjalo, uma udinga ukuskena ama-virusi ifayela noma amafayela agcinwe kwi-hard drive noma esitoreji esilondoloziwe, kungcono ukusebenzisa isofthiwe elwa ne-virus efakwe kwikhompyutha. Ukuhlola izinsiza kwinethiwekhi noma kumafayela kusayithi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isheke online. Ngakho uyaqiniseka ngokuphepha komthombo okhethiwe, ngaphambi kokuvakashela imithombo ngokwayo noma ukulanda ulwazi kulo.